Core Viewpoint - The development of large aircraft, specifically the C919, is a crucial reflection of national strength and technological independence, addressing both economic needs and strategic security [2][3]. Industry Significance - The aviation industry plays a vital role in the modern economy, with large passenger aircraft directly impacting a country's position in the global supply chain. China, as the world's second-largest economy, has historically imported over 200 aircraft annually, costing approximately $20 billion [2]. - The large aircraft industry has significant economic and technological multiplier effects, driving breakthroughs in various sectors such as materials, electronics, and manufacturing. The C919 project involves over 100,000 components from more than 1,000 companies and 73 universities, enhancing the overall level of high-end manufacturing in China [2]. Technological Challenges - The core technological challenges in large aircraft development include overall design, system integration, assembly manufacturing, ground testing, flight testing, and airworthiness verification. The C919 faced over a hundred key technologies that needed to be overcome, such as lightweight wing design and noise reduction technologies [4]. - The most critical systems include the high bypass turbofan engine, flight control system, avionics system, and other key onboard systems, which are considered the most challenging aspects of aircraft development [4]. Development Journey - The C919 project faced significant challenges at its inception in 2007, particularly in terms of technological reserves and route selection. The lack of foundational technology and testing facilities necessitated concurrent technological breakthroughs and engineering development [5]. - The project adopted a "main manufacturer-supplier" model to promote overall industry development, leading to the establishment of a commercial aircraft industry system centered around COMAC [9]. Future Plans - China plans to develop larger wide-body aircraft following the successful introduction of the C919. The development of long-range wide-body aircraft is strategically important for ensuring national aviation transport security and enhancing competitive capabilities in the commercial aircraft market [10]. - The C929, a long-range wide-body aircraft, will face new technical challenges, including the need for more powerful engines and advanced electrical and hydraulic systems, as well as a higher proportion of composite materials [11]. Talent Development - The development of large aircraft requires a long-term commitment to talent cultivation alongside technological breakthroughs. The C919 project has emphasized the integration of talent development with aircraft design and manufacturing [9]. - The future of the aviation industry will benefit from cross-disciplinary collaboration and innovation, leveraging advancements in artificial intelligence, new energy sources, and next-generation information technology [14].

Group 1 - The A-share market experienced a collective decline on June 20, with the Guozheng Aerospace Index falling by 1.58% [1] - The Tianhong Aerospace ETF (159241) closed down by 1.45%, with a trading volume exceeding 35 million yuan and a turnover rate over 22%, ranking first among similar products [1] - Among the constituent stocks, Changcheng Military Industry hit the daily limit, while Guobo Electronics, China Ship Emergency, China Marine Defense, and Aviation Material Co. saw significant gains [1] Group 2 - The Tianhong Aerospace ETF (159241) recorded a net inflow of over 10 million yuan yesterday, closely tracking the Guozheng Aerospace Index, which has over 96% weight in the defense and military industry [2] - The index focuses on key areas of the aerospace equipment industry chain, with 71% weight in core sectors such as aviation and aerospace equipment, emphasizing large aircraft manufacturing, low-altitude economy, and commercial aerospace [2] - Northeast Securities indicated that the disruptive factors in the military industry have largely dissipated, with downstream demand showing signs of recovery, and long-term goals for military modernization by 2035 and 2050 providing clear guidance for industry development [2] - Changjiang Securities noted that global military trade demand is expected to increase significantly, with China's equipment performance and high-quality supply likely to enhance its share in the global military trade market [2]

Group 1 - The three major indices showed mixed performance on June 12, with the aerospace and defense sector experiencing a decline in the afternoon, as evidenced by the China Aerospace Index falling by 0.63% [1] - The Tianhong Aerospace ETF (159241) decreased by 0.49%, with a turnover rate of nearly 5% and a premium/discount rate of 0.05%. Notably, stocks like Hangya Technology surged over 6%, while others such as Sichuan Chuangxin Electronics, Guoke Military Industry, and Yaguang Technology also saw gains [1] - The Tianhong Aerospace ETF closely tracks the China Aerospace Index, which is characterized by over 99% weight in the defense and military industry. The core sectors of aerospace and aviation equipment account for 73% of the index, focusing on key areas such as large aircraft manufacturing, low-altitude economy, and commercial aerospace [1] Group 2 - According to Southern Metropolis Daily, China's commercial aerospace sector is accelerating towards industrialization, with disclosed financing exceeding 1 billion RMB in the first five months of this year. This capital influx is not only directed towards rockets and satellites but also significantly into the emerging "low-altitude economy" represented by eVTOL (electric vertical takeoff and landing) vehicles [1] - Dongfang Securities suggests that the military industry upstream is entering a configuration phase, with a focus on military trade and the aviation engine industry chain. The domestic aviation engine sector has made significant progress over the past five years, establishing a complete industrial system and nurturing numerous excellent suppliers, with further deepening of independent innovation expected [2] - Zhongyou Securities emphasizes the urgent need for domestic aviation material localization, which is crucial for the safety of the aviation industry supply chain. The localization will expand from non-critical systems and lower-value components to critical systems and high-value parts [2]