经济日报调研组 现实中，由于资金密集、权力集中、利益巨大，政府采购领域也成了腐败易发高发的重灾区，诸如 最低价中标、以次充好、利益勾连等问题频频曝出，不仅损害了经营主体合法权益，也扰乱了市场秩 序。当务之急，是要通过完善制度、强化监管等举措整治乱象，让政府采购更加公开公平公正，为纵深 推进全国统一大市场建设提供有力支撑。 采购招标乱象该休矣 "构建全国统一大市场，一个重要前提和基础，就是加快建设全国统一的政府采购市场。"这是受访 专家学者的共识。 我国政府采购虽起步较晚，但发展迅速。财政部数据显示，2024年全国政府采购规模达33750亿 元。受近年来财政收支矛盾加大、党政机关带头过紧日子等因素影响，这一数字较上年下降了约 0.5%，但整体采购规模已连续9年保持在3万亿元以上，凸显了政府采购市场的分量。 中国人民大学公共管理学院教授王丛虎告诉经济日报记者，政府采购制度发端于英国，迄今有200 多年历史，而我国引进政府采购制度并开展大规模政府采购招标工作，只有短短的20多年。 早在1981年，吉林省吉林市和深圳经济特区率先试行工程招标投标，取得良好效果。以工程招标为 切入点，政府购买的相关试点陆续拓展到科技、教 ...

采购市场是全国统一大市场的重要组成部分，也是推动其建设的重要力量。作为宏观经济治理的重要制 度安排、引导产业发展质量和方向的需求侧政策工具，政府采购一头连着政府、一头连着市场，对于公 共资源的公平高效配置起着风向标作用。 采购招标乱象该休矣 "构建全国统一大市场，一个重要前提和基础，就是加快建设全国统一的政府采购市场。"这是受访专家 学者的共识。 现实中，由于资金密集、权力集中、利益巨大，政府采购领域也成了腐败易发高发的重灾区，诸如最低 价中标、以次充好、利益勾连等问题频频曝出，不仅损害了经营主体合法权益，也扰乱了市场秩序。当 务之急，是要通过完善制度、强化监管等举措整治乱象，让政府采购更加公开公平公正，为纵深推进全 国统一大市场建设提供有力支撑。 我国政府采购虽起步较晚，但发展迅速。财政部数据显示，2024年全国政府采购规模达33750亿元。受 近年来财政收支矛盾加大、党政机关带头过紧日子等因素影响，这一数字较上年下降了约0.5%，但整 体采购规模已连续9年保持在3万亿元以上，凸显了政府采购市场的分量。 中国人民大学公共管理学院教授王丛虎告诉经济日报记者，政府采购制度发端于英国，迄今有200多年 历史，而我 ...

Core Insights - The total government procurement scale in China for 2024 is projected to reach 33,750 billion yuan, showing significant growth from 1,009 billion yuan in 2002, indicating a promising future for government procurement [1] Group 1: Government Procurement Scale and Structure - The proportions of government procurement in terms of goods, engineering, and services are 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% respectively [1] - Government procurement is a crucial method of fiscal expenditure and an essential part of the national unified market [1] Group 2: Policy Functions and Economic Impact - Government procurement serves as an effective tool for macroeconomic regulation, particularly in supporting technological innovation, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and promoting green and low-carbon development [2] - In 2024, mandatory procurement for energy-saving and water-saving products is set at 33.7 billion yuan, while priority procurement for environmental products is 79.5 billion yuan [2] - Contracts awarded to SMEs account for over 70% of the total government procurement amounting to 24,230 billion yuan [2] Group 3: Challenges and Opportunities - Despite progress in institutional development and market scale, the proportion of government procurement relative to GDP remains low compared to international standards, indicating substantial potential for growth [2] - Recent trends show a slight decline in government procurement scale, attributed to tighter budgets in party and government agencies, highlighting the need for structural optimization and quality improvement in procurement [2] Group 4: Enhancing Fair Competition and Transparency - Strengthening the policy functions of government procurement is essential, especially in promoting innovation and supporting SMEs [3] - The government aims to establish a fair, transparent procurement system, addressing issues such as unreasonable conditions in bidding processes and local protectionism [4] - Measures to enhance transparency and public access to procurement information are crucial for fostering a healthy and stable government procurement environment [4]

Core Insights - Government procurement is a significant method of fiscal expenditure and plays a crucial role in macroeconomic regulation, particularly in supporting technological innovation, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and promoting green and low-carbon development [1][2] Group 1: Government Procurement Scale and Structure - The national government procurement scale for 2024 is projected to reach 33,750 billion yuan, with proportions for goods, engineering, and services at 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% respectively [1] - From 2002 to the present, government procurement has increased from 1,009 billion yuan to over 33 trillion yuan, indicating significant growth and promising prospects [1] Group 2: Support for SMEs and Innovation - In 2024, mandatory procurement and priority procurement for energy-saving and water-saving products amount to 33.7 billion yuan and 79.5 billion yuan respectively; contracts awarded to SMEs total 24,230 billion yuan, accounting for over 70% of the national procurement scale [2] - The government aims to enhance support for SMEs through procurement policies, including reserved quotas and price evaluation preferences [3] Group 3: Challenges and Opportunities - Despite progress in institutional development and market scale, the proportion of government procurement relative to GDP in China remains low compared to the international average of 10% to 15%, indicating substantial potential for growth [2] - Recent trends show a slight decline in government procurement scale, attributed to tighter fiscal policies among party and government agencies, highlighting the need for structural optimization and quality improvement in procurement [2] Group 4: Fair Competition and Transparency - Establishing a unified and fair competition system is essential for building a national unified market, necessitating the elimination of discriminatory practices in procurement based on ownership, organization form, or unnecessary registration requirements [4] - Enhancing transparency and information disclosure in government procurement processes is crucial for ensuring fair competition and preventing issues such as lowest bid wins and collusion [4]

Group 1 - The total government procurement scale for 2024 is projected to be 33,750.43 billion yuan, with goods, engineering, and services accounting for 7,944.68 billion yuan, 13,839.64 billion yuan, and 11,966.12 billion yuan respectively, representing 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement [1] - The procurement organization forms include centralized procurement by the government at 7,664.14 billion yuan (22.71%), departmental centralized procurement at 1,648.46 billion yuan (4.88%), and decentralized procurement at 24,437.84 billion yuan (72.41%) [1] - The procurement methods show that public bidding accounts for 76.63% of the total procurement, while other methods like competitive negotiation and single-source procurement account for 11.52% and 3.26% respectively [1] Group 2 - In 2024, mandatory and prioritized procurement for energy-saving and water-saving products is set at 337.23 billion yuan, which constitutes 92.48% of the procurement scale for similar products [2] - The total contract amount awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through government procurement is 24,230.91 billion yuan, with 15,310.35 billion yuan awarded to micro-enterprises, making up 63.19% of the total SME contract amount [2] - Over 100 billion yuan has been spent on purchasing agricultural products from poverty-stricken areas through online sales platforms, effectively increasing the income of farmers and promoting rural industry development [2]

Core Viewpoint - The 2024 national government procurement scale is projected to be 33,750.43 billion yuan, marking the ninth consecutive year it exceeds 30 trillion yuan, although it represents a slight decrease of approximately 0.5% compared to 2023 due to fiscal constraints and reduced general expenditures [2][3]. Government Procurement Scale - The government procurement scale for goods, projects, and services in 2024 is 7,944.68 billion yuan, 13,839.64 billion yuan, and 11,966.12 billion yuan, respectively, accounting for 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement scale [2]. Procurement Organization Forms - The 2024 procurement scale is divided into centralized procurement (7,664.14 billion yuan), departmental centralized procurement (1,648.46 billion yuan), and decentralized procurement (24,437.84 billion yuan), representing 22.71%, 4.88%, and 72.41% of the total, with an increase in the share of decentralized procurement [3]. Procurement Methods - The procurement methods for 2024 include public bidding (76.63%), competitive negotiation (11.52%), and single-source procurement (3.26%), with public bidding continuing to dominate the procurement landscape [3]. Support for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) - In 2024, the total contract amount awarded to SMEs through government procurement is 24,230.91 billion yuan, accounting for 71.79% of the total procurement scale, with contracts awarded to micro-enterprises amounting to 15,310.35 billion yuan, representing 63.19% of the SME total [4]. Policy Measures for SMEs - Recent measures from the State Council emphasize increasing government procurement support for SMEs, mandating that over 400 million yuan engineering projects suitable for SMEs reserve at least 40% of the budget for these enterprises, with encouragement for local governments to further increase this share [4][5].

Core Insights - The total government procurement scale for 2024 is projected to be 33,750.43 billion yuan, marking the ninth consecutive year it has exceeded 30 trillion yuan since 2016 [1] - The procurement scale has slightly decreased by approximately 0.5% compared to 2023, attributed to increasing fiscal constraints and a focus on reducing general expenditures by government entities [1] Procurement Breakdown - In 2024, the procurement scale for goods, projects, and services is 7,944.68 billion yuan, 13,839.64 billion yuan, and 11,966.12 billion yuan respectively, accounting for 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement scale [1] - The proportion of goods procurement has slightly increased, while the shares of project and service procurement have seen a slight decline compared to 2023 [1] Organizational Structure - The 2024 procurement scale is divided into centralized procurement (7,664.14 billion yuan), departmental centralized procurement (1,648.46 billion yuan), and decentralized procurement (24,437.84 billion yuan), representing 22.71%, 4.88%, and 72.41% of the total respectively [2] - The increase in decentralized procurement is linked to ongoing reforms that enhance procurement autonomy and address urgent, small-scale, or specialized procurement needs [2] Procurement Methods - The procurement methods for 2024 include public bidding (76.63%), competitive negotiation (11.52%), and single-source procurement (3.26%), with public bidding remaining the dominant method [2] - A new collaborative innovation procurement method was introduced, allowing procurement entities to invite suppliers for joint R&D, although its impact has not yet been reflected in the data [2] Support for SMEs - In 2023, government procurement contracts awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) totaled 24,230.91 billion yuan, accounting for 71.79% of the total procurement scale, with contracts to micro-enterprises at 15,310.35 billion yuan, representing 63.19% of SME contracts [3] - Recent measures aim to enhance government procurement support for SMEs, mandating that over 400 million yuan engineering projects reserve at least 40% of the budget for SMEs [3][4] Policy Implications - The government has committed to increasing procurement support for SMEs, with policies extending to 2026, encouraging local governments to further raise reserved procurement shares [4] - The measures also promote higher advance payment ratios for contracts with private enterprises, aiming to strengthen the role of government procurement in supporting economic growth [4]

Core Insights - The total government procurement scale in China for 2024 is projected to exceed 33,750.43 billion RMB [1][2] Procurement Breakdown - The procurement scale for goods, engineering, and services is 7,944.68 billion RMB, 13,839.64 billion RMB, and 11,966.12 billion RMB respectively, accounting for 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement [1] - Government centralized procurement, departmental centralized procurement, and decentralized procurement are 7,664.14 billion RMB, 1,648.46 billion RMB, and 24,437.84 billion RMB respectively, representing 22.71%, 4.88%, and 72.41% of the total procurement [1] Procurement Methods - The distribution of procurement methods includes public bidding (76.63%), invitation bidding (0.62%), competitive negotiation (2.67%), competitive consultation (11.52%), single-source procurement (3.26%), inquiry (0.43%), and framework agreement procurement (4.87%) [1] Support for Industry Development - The government procurement policy aims to promote industrial development, with mandatory procurement of energy-saving and water-saving products at 337.23 billion RMB, which is 92.48% of the procurement scale for similar products [1] - Priority procurement of environmentally friendly products amounts to 795.47 billion RMB, accounting for 87.98% of the procurement scale for similar products [1] Support for SMEs and Rural Development - Contracts awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) total 24,230.91 billion RMB, making up 71.79% of the total government procurement scale, with small enterprises receiving 15,310.35 billion RMB, or 63.19% of the total SME contracts [2] - Over 100 billion RMB has been spent on purchasing agricultural products from impoverished areas through online sales platforms, effectively increasing income for poor farmers and promoting rural industry development [2]

Core Insights - The Ministry of Finance released a summary of national government procurement for 2024, indicating a total procurement scale of 33,750.43 billion yuan [1] Procurement Scale Breakdown - The procurement scale for goods, engineering, and services is 7,944.68 billion yuan, 13,839.64 billion yuan, and 11,966.12 billion yuan respectively, accounting for 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement [1] Organizational Structure of Procurement - In 2024, the scale of centralized procurement by the government, departmental centralized procurement, and decentralized procurement is 7,664.14 billion yuan, 1,648.46 billion yuan, and 24,437.84 billion yuan respectively, representing 22.71%, 4.88%, and 72.41% of the total procurement [1] Procurement Methods - The distribution of procurement methods in 2024 shows that public bidding accounts for 76.63%, followed by competitive negotiation at 11.52%, and single-source procurement at 3.26%, among others [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is the introduction of measures to promote private investment, particularly focusing on increasing the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in government procurement projects [2][3]. - The measures specify that for engineering procurement projects exceeding 4 million yuan, at least 40% of the total budget must be reserved for SMEs, with encouragement for local governments to increase this percentage [3]. - The measures also propose increasing the advance payment ratio for contracts awarded to private enterprises to over 30% of the contract amount to alleviate financial pressure on these companies [3]. Group 2 - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) aims to eliminate institutional barriers for private enterprises in bidding activities, emphasizing the importance of strict enforcement of relevant regulations [3]. - The NDRC plans to enhance the supporting mechanisms for policy implementation, including the release of guidelines for the responsibilities of bidders to ensure compliance and fairness throughout the bidding process [5]. - The NDRC has introduced specialized models to improve regulatory capabilities, having already conducted intelligent inspections on 31,000 bidding projects, identifying and correcting approximately 19,000 unreasonable conditions [6].