2015年5月1日，《存款保险条例》施行，标志着我国存款保险制度正式建立。2025年5月1日，存款保险 制度即将迎来十周年。回顾过去十年的发展，存款保险制度取得显著成绩，截至2024年末，我国存款保 险共有3761家投保机构，累计归集资金3732亿元。 "过去十年，存款保险制度的初心使命没有改变，守正创新使命没有改变。存款保险制度依法保护存款 人的合法权益，为我国99%以上的存款人提供全额保障，显著高于国际平均水平，守护了人民群众 的'钱袋子'。"中国人民银行（以下简称"央行"）副行长陆磊在近日召开的"构建新时代更加强健有效的 金融安全网——《存款保险条例》施行十周年"专家座谈会上如是说。 座谈会上，来自立法工作部门、司法机关、商业银行、高校、学会等单位的专家代表作了发言，从总结 存款保险制度实施10年经验、展望未来制度发展等角度为完善我国存款保险制度建言献策。 存款保险就是对储户的一份存款保障。但它不是商业保险，而是由商业银行缴纳保费，储户并不承担任 何费用。被保险存款包括投保机构吸收的人民币存款和外币存款。对储户来说，在单家投保机构存放的 存款中，最高偿付限额为人民币50万元。 以制度保障增强 储户信心和 ...

Group 1 - The core issue is the increasing number of bank bankruptcies and dissolutions, with 195 small and medium-sized banks announcing closures in 2024 alone. Four banks are under scrutiny for potential dissolution, restructuring, or acquisition due to their inability to meet regulatory minimum requirements [1][4]. - The four banks have non-performing loan ratios ranging from 5.9% to 8.7%, significantly higher than the industry average of 1.8%. Additionally, their capital adequacy ratios are consistently below regulatory standards, with one bank reporting a capital adequacy ratio of only 4.3% as of the end of 2024 [4]. Group 2 - The deposit insurance system in China guarantees full compensation for deposits up to 500,000 yuan in the event of a bank's bankruptcy. Deposits exceeding this amount will be compensated based on the liquidation of the bank's assets and liabilities [6]. - It is recommended that depositors diversify their savings across multiple banks, ensuring that no single bank holds more than 500,000 yuan to safeguard their funds [6]. Group 3 - The safest deposits are found in the six major state-owned banks, although they offer lower interest rates. In contrast, small and medium-sized banks provide higher interest rates but come with increased risk [8]. - Depositors are advised to consider placing their funds in joint-stock banks, which offer a balance of better safety compared to small banks and higher interest rates than state-owned banks [8]. Group 4 - Many small and medium-sized banks attract deposits through high-interest rates, which can deviate significantly from market averages. For instance, if a small bank offers a 3-year deposit rate of 2.85% compared to the state-owned bank's 1.9%, this could indicate potential risk [10]. - High-yield investments associated with these deposits may lead to liquidity crises if the investments do not perform well, jeopardizing deposit safety [10]. Group 5 - It is crucial for depositors to verify whether a bank participates in the deposit insurance scheme, as only 4,066 out of over 4,600 banks in China are enrolled. Deposits in banks not covered by this insurance will not be compensated in the event of bankruptcy, even if they are below the 500,000 yuan threshold [13].

"以前曾以为银行要是倒闭了，存款肯定就打水漂了，现在听了银行的讲解，才知道50万元以内存款全 额赔付，心里踏实多了！"65岁的陈大妈笑着竖起大拇指。这是浙商银行合肥分行存款保险"五进"系列 宣传活动中的一幕。 网点就是宣传站，全辖6家网点变身"存款保险宣传前哨"。该分行不定期开展辖内营业网点标识使用管 理及存保问题手册推广工作自查，通过对网点营业人员存保手册内容掌握情况进行抽查，确保营业人员 对存款保险知识基本掌握、准确应答。同时，分行要求辖内所有营业网点，结合手册的内容将存款保险 的宣传贯穿至日常业务办理流程中，大堂经理在利用客户等候时间详细介绍存款保险定义、保障范围、 偿付限额、偿付流程等知识，全面提升客户对政策的知晓率和覆盖率。 浙商银行合肥分行：加强存款保险知识宣传，增强 公众对金融机构信任感 转自：新华财经 编辑：穆皓 落实重点宣传项目，确保"五进"活动接地气。该行宣讲员走进企业，通过设立咨询台、集中发放宣传资 料、面对面讲解宣传的方式，用通俗易懂的话语，为企业财务和员工讲解了存款保险制度内涵、保障范 围；走进工地，开展面向农民工的存款保险宣传活动，结合他们日常的工资存取需求，详细解读了存款 保险对 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing discussions during the National People's Congress focus on improving the deposit insurance system and revising the People's Bank of China Law to enhance financial stability and risk management in the banking sector [1][4]. Group 1: Deposit Insurance System - Multiple representatives emphasize the need to enhance the deposit insurance fund and financial stability guarantee fund to better manage financial risks [1]. - The current Deposit Insurance Regulations face challenges such as low legal status and insufficient measures for early correction and risk disposal, particularly affecting small and medium-sized banks [1][2]. - Suggestions include establishing a dedicated deposit insurance law to clarify responsibilities and improve the risk disposal mechanism [2][3]. Group 2: Risk Monitoring and Early Correction - Recommendations include developing a risk monitoring and early warning system tailored to deposit insurance, promoting early identification and correction of financial risks [3]. - The proposal suggests enriching the conditions for triggering early correction measures, including the possibility of not insuring specific deposits to enhance the effectiveness of risk warnings [3]. Group 3: People's Bank of China Law Revision - The revision of the People's Bank of China Law is deemed necessary to address issues related to monetary policy, macro-prudential management, and financial stability in light of evolving financial landscapes [4]. - Suggestions include clarifying the central bank's responsibilities in macro credit management and enhancing support for sectors like technology finance and green finance [4]. - There are calls to improve the financial budget management system of the central bank to strengthen its financial position and sustainability [4].