01 与此同时，《中国酒店人力资源现状调查报告（2025）》显示，酒店业人工成本率正持续上升，许多中高端酒店的人工成本占比已超过40%。 一边是酒店集团心急如焚——年薪百万招不到一个合适的总经理，基层员工缺口高达200万-300万人；另一边是酒旅专业毕业生纷纷转行——每年50万毕 业生中仅有15%选择对口就业。 这一冷一热之间，折射出酒旅人才市场的严重错配。这种矛盾的背后到底隐藏着怎样的结构性困境？ 近几年，酒店业陷入一个怪圈： 一边是酒旅毕业生挤破头找不到工作，一边是酒店老板们为百万年薪招不到一个合适总经理而发愁。 供需错配： 国内酒店业的"人才黑洞" "毕业后在五星级酒店实习了半年，每天站着工作8小时，月薪只有3000元。"一位酒店管理专业毕业生在社交媒体上吐槽，"我辛苦读书十几年，不是为了 端盘子。" 这并非个例。 智联招聘发布的《2024年大学生就业力调研报告》显示，仅一半高校毕业生获得offer，单位就业人数同样只占一半。 就连考研名师张雪峰都直言，酒店管理专业毕业不如直接考公。 图源：网络 更令人担忧的是，酒旅专业毕业生对口就业率低得惊人。 公开资料显示，酒店管理专业对口就业率仅有45%，而每年毕 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the paradoxical economic phenomena observed in Shenzhen and Shanghai, highlighting the disconnect between rising rents and increasing vacancy rates in commercial properties, as well as the contrasting performance of high-end and budget consumer sectors [1][8]. Group 1: Commercial Real Estate Trends - In Shenzhen, the vacancy rate for brand stores reached 18.7% in the first half of 2025, up 5.3 percentage points from the same period in 2024, while Shanghai's core areas reported a vacancy rate of 16.5% [2]. - Despite high vacancy rates, rental prices remain elevated, with Shenzhen's core areas maintaining rents between 800-1500 RMB per square meter, and Shanghai's rents even higher [2]. - Approximately 65% of property owners in both cities prefer to keep their properties vacant rather than significantly reduce rents, indicating a strong holding capacity among landlords [2]. Group 2: Consumer Behavior Shifts - High-end dining and shopping have seen a decline, with high-end restaurant revenues dropping by 15.3% and foot traffic in upscale shopping centers down by 12.7% in the first half of 2025 [4]. - Conversely, budget dining options and street food have thrived, reflecting a shift in consumer preferences towards more affordable dining experiences [4]. - The increase in essential expenditures, such as housing and education, has led to a reduction in discretionary spending, with real disposable income growth in Shenzhen at 2.1% and 2.8% in Shanghai for the first quarter of 2025 [4]. Group 3: Labor Market Dynamics - Shenzhen experienced a net outflow of 37,000 talents in the first half of 2025, with over 60% holding a bachelor's degree or higher, while Shanghai saw a net outflow of 25,000 [5]. - Despite the talent outflow, there is a simultaneous "labor shortage" in manufacturing and service sectors, with recruitment demand rising by 18.3% while job applications fell by 12.5% [5]. - The mismatch in labor supply and demand highlights structural issues, with high-skilled positions being oversupplied while basic labor roles remain unfilled due to low social recognition and high work intensity [6]. Group 4: Real Estate Market Observations - Both cities maintain high property prices, with average new home prices at 68,500 RMB per square meter in Shenzhen and 73,200 RMB in Shanghai, reflecting year-on-year increases of 2.3% and 1.8% respectively [7]. - New home sales have significantly declined, with transaction volumes down by 35.7% in Shenzhen and 28.5% in Shanghai [7]. - The real estate market is characterized by a "volume shrinkage, price stability" phenomenon, as developers prefer to hold onto properties rather than reduce prices, supported by financial institutions' policies [7]. Group 5: Economic Structural Issues - The article identifies these phenomena as indicative of a transitional economic phase, where traditional high-investment growth models are becoming unsustainable, leading to structural contradictions in the economy [8]. - The persistent high property prices and low transaction volumes suggest a "bubble" in the real estate market, where asset values are increasingly detached from actual market demand [8]. - Consumer confidence remains low, with consumer confidence indices for Shenzhen and Shanghai at 92.5 and 94.8, respectively, indicating concerns about future income growth and economic prospects [8].