Core Insights - The 2025 Pujiang Innovation Forum concluded in Shanghai, focusing on building an open and cooperative global technology community to explore cutting-edge trends and collaboration opportunities in international technological innovation [1] Group 1: Technology Transfer and Innovation - The forum featured a "Transformation Clinic" that facilitated 1-on-1 consultations for over 20 experts in technology transfer, intellectual property, law, and investment, resulting in 374 projects being matched, with 50 selected for commercial potential [2] - 19 projects have entered the pre-concept validation stage, and 10 projects have completed empowerment and established companies, with transformation contract amounts exceeding 300 million [2] - The InnoMatch Technology Transfer Conference announced over 10,000 technology demands and a total investment exceeding 20 billion across more than 20 cutting-edge fields, including AI and biomedicine [2][3] Group 2: Event Structure and Impact - The InnoMatch platform has become a globally influential brand for technology transfer and innovation cooperation, having published over 21,000 technology demands and 35,000 talent demands, with nearly 18 billion in intended cooperation amounts [3] - The forum utilized augmented reality (AR) technology to enhance participant engagement, showcasing a blend of virtual and real experiences [4] Group 3: Scientific Initiatives and Collaborations - A major scientific initiative, the "Whole Brain Mesoscopic Neural Connectivity Map," was launched during the forum, aimed at advancing AI and brain-machine interface technologies [5] - The WIPO GREEN acceleration project was officially launched, focusing on urban green transformation and addressing practical needs such as mobile charging for electric municipal vehicles [6] - The collaboration between the Yangtze River Delta National Innovation Center and the Fraunhofer Society aims to shorten the path from research outcomes to real-world impact, fostering sustainable cooperation in green technology [7]

Core Insights - The establishment of the "International Primate Mesoscopic Brain Mapping Alliance" marks the official launch of systematic global collaboration in primate brain mapping research [2][3]. Group 1: Alliance Formation and Objectives - The alliance was formed during the 2025 International Symposium on Mesoscopic Brain Mapping held at the Pujiang Innovation Forum on September 20, where a signing ceremony for member institutions took place [2]. - The white paper released by the alliance outlines a ten-year plan for the core tasks of the brain mapping grand scientific initiative, aiming to create a global, open collaborative research network [5]. Group 2: Milestones and Research Goals - The white paper sets three major milestones in primate brain mapping research: 1. To create the first comprehensive, cell-type-specific mesoscopic connectome of the primate brain, revealing the neural network architecture underlying cognitive functions [6]. 2. To establish a single-cell resolution, multi-omics primate brain cell atlas by integrating data from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenomics, characterizing cellular diversity across the lifespan [6]. 3. To map the fine three-dimensional structure of synapses, identifying synaptic features related to cognitive functions and revealing synaptic microstructures associated with aging and brain diseases [6]. Group 3: International Collaboration and Membership - The alliance has gathered 118 members from 25 countries and regions, including China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, India, Japan, and South Korea, representing over 60 top global universities and research institutions [7]. - Notable member institutions include the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fudan University, Tsinghua University, Harvard Medical School, and the Max Planck Society [7]. - The alliance also includes several international synchrotron radiation centers, such as Japan's SPring-8 and Thailand's SLRI [8].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the establishment of the International Primate Mesoscopic Brain Atlas Alliance and the launch of the "Whole Brain Mesoscopic Neural Connectivity Atlas" major scientific initiative, marking a significant step in global collaboration on primate brain atlas research [1] - The initiative aims to draw a comprehensive brain connectivity map, which is crucial for understanding brain functions, addressing major brain diseases, and advancing brain-like intelligent technologies [1] - Shanghai is identified as a key hub for this initiative, having already implemented significant local scientific projects related to brain mapping [1] Group 2 - The "Whole Brain Mesoscopic Neural Connectivity Atlas" major scientific plan is expected to achieve three breakthroughs in the next decade: creating a comprehensive primate brain connectivity atlas with cell-type specificity, integrating multi-omics data to establish a single-cell resolution brain cell atlas, and mapping the fine 3D structure of synapses related to cognitive functions [2] - The initiative emphasizes the importance of mesoscopic brain atlas research as a key to unlocking the mysteries of the brain, which is a frontier scientific field in the 21st century [1][2]

Core Insights - Chinese scientists have made significant progress in brain mapping research, with 10 studies published in international journals, including "Cell" and "Neuron," showcasing advancements in understanding brain structure and function [1][2][3] Group 1: Research Achievements - The "Whole Brain Mesoscopic Neural Connectivity Atlas" project aims to create detailed brain maps of non-human primates and humans, addressing the complexity of mammalian brains, which contain nearly 100 billion neurons and over 100 trillion connections [2][3] - A team of over 300 researchers from more than 30 institutions has successfully completed studies that analyze brain cell diversity, connectivity patterns, and molecular mechanisms of brain diseases, enhancing China's international influence in this field [2][3][6] - The research includes the first high-resolution evolutionary atlas of 1.3 million brain cells from various species, revealing key gene evolution related to differences in brain cell types across species [3][12] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The development of specific genetic tools for primate brain research allows for precise delivery of functional proteins to targeted cells, potentially enabling targeted therapies for brain diseases [4][5][25] - A new collection of tools for specific labeling and observation of primate brain cells has been established, marking a significant advancement in understanding brain structure and diseases [4][25][30] Group 3: Collaborative Efforts - The establishment of the "International Primate Mesoscopic Brain Atlas Alliance" aims to enhance global collaboration in brain mapping research, with a focus on creating a shared database for brain atlas data [9][32] - The research integrates contributions from various international institutions, highlighting the collaborative nature of modern neuroscience research [9][32] Group 4: Future Directions - The goal is to complete the mesoscopic neural connectivity atlas for mice by 2025 and for macaques by 2035, indicating a long-term commitment to advancing brain mapping technologies [8][9] - Continued development of imaging and labeling technologies is essential for achieving high-quality brain maps, which are crucial for understanding complex brain functions [14][15]

Core Viewpoint - Recent collaborative achievements by Chinese scientists have created a "high-definition map" of the brain, marking significant progress in the "whole brain mesoscopic neural connectivity map" scientific initiative, which aims to understand brain structure and function across various species, including primates and humans [1][5][6]. Group 1: Scientific Achievements - A series of ten research papers were published in prestigious journals, showcasing the collaborative efforts of over 300 researchers from more than 30 institutions, both domestic and international [1][6]. - The research covers key species including reptiles, birds, rodents, non-human primates, and humans, integrating multimodal data such as transcriptomics and connectomics [9]. - The results aim to establish a research framework that transitions from structural analysis to functional understanding of the brain, providing new perspectives and methodologies for brain research [9]. Group 2: Research Goals and Timeline - The initiative aims to complete the mesoscopic neural connectivity map for mice by 2025 and for macaques by 2035, focusing on non-human primates and human brain mapping [6][7]. - An international alliance for mesoscopic brain mapping research is being formed, with participation from over 20 countries and nearly 100 scientists, emphasizing the importance of global collaboration [7][8]. Group 3: Technical Challenges and Innovations - The research involves identifying various cell types and their connections, requiring high-resolution imaging at the micrometer level to understand the network structure of the brain [8][11]. - New technologies have been developed to enhance the tracking of specific cell types and their connections, marking a significant advancement in primate brain science [9][10]. - The complexity of tracking individual neurons necessitates extensive collaboration and time investment, highlighting the challenges faced in this field [10][11].