深圳国际量子研究院联合清华团队，首次在超导量子芯片间实现64米远距离量子隐形传态，保真度达78.3%，并完成跨芯片 CNOT门传送，突破分布式量子计算关键瓶颈。 关联内容 让机器人更像人，帕西尼造具身智能"数据粮仓" 在科幻作品中，瞬间移动或隔空传物是令人神往的超能力。如今，在微观的量子世界，这一神话正一步步走向现实。 量子计算机被誉为下一代信息技术的"圣杯"，而超导量子比特是目前实现大规模量子计算最有前景的物理系统之一。 然而，随着芯片上集成的量子比特数量不断增加，技术挑战也日益严峻，如同在单个孤岛上无限扩张总会遇到瓶颈。分布式量 子计算网络，即将多个量子处理器通过量子通道连接起来协同工作，被视为突破单芯片算力极限、构建大规模量子系统的可行 路径。 实现分布式计算的核心，是让不同芯片上的量子比特能够进行高质量的对话与协作，而量子隐形传态正是实现这种对话的关键 通信技术。它利用奇妙的量子纠缠现象，能够将某个粒子的未知量子态信息瞬间传输到遥远地点的另一个粒子上，而无需传递 物质实体本身。 尽管该技术此前已在光子、离子阱等系统中实现，但在更具实用潜力的超导量子电路中，受限于芯片间互联性能，实验演示一 直局限于单芯 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in quantum networking, particularly focusing on the development of quantum repeaters that enable long-distance, reliable quantum entanglement distribution, which is essential for scalable quantum networks [3][5]. Group 1: Quantum Networking and Challenges - Quantum networks aim to achieve secure and efficient information transmission, high-resolution sensing, and exponential increases in information processing speed [3][5]. - A significant challenge in establishing long-distance quantum networks is the exponential loss of photons in optical fibers, which hinders the efficient distribution of entanglement [3][5]. Group 2: Quantum Repeaters and Technological Advances - Quantum repeaters combine entanglement swapping, entanglement purification, and quantum storage technologies to address the issues of fiber loss and decoherence [5][6]. - The recent research achieved entanglement between memory nodes over a distance of 10 kilometers, with the entanglement duration exceeding the average time required to establish it, marking a critical milestone [5][6]. Group 3: Key Innovations - The breakthrough was made possible through three technological advancements: long-lived trapped ion storage, efficient telecom-band interfaces for quantum information transfer, and high-visibility single-photon entanglement protocols [6]. - These innovations significantly enhance the efficiency and reliability of establishing quantum entanglement [6]. Group 4: Practical Applications and Future Implications - The research team demonstrated a principle of device-independent quantum key distribution over a distance of 10 kilometers, achieving a positive key rate at an asymptotic limit of 101 kilometers, which is a two orders of magnitude improvement over previous studies [7]. - This research provides a crucial building block for quantum repeaters and represents a significant step towards the development of scalable quantum networks, akin to paving a longer "main road" for the future "quantum internet" [7].

Core Insights - A comprehensive white paper titled "2025 Quantum Internet and Computing Network Collaborative Architecture" has garnered significant attention, detailing the foundational framework of quantum information technology and its applications [1][2]. Quantum Information Technology - The report outlines three primary application areas of quantum information technology: quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum precision measurement [1]. - In quantum communication, technologies such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), quantum teleportation, and Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) are elaborated [1]. - The quantum computing section reviews the development history and existing physical platforms like superconductors and ion traps, along with key quantum algorithms such as Shor's and Grover's algorithms [1]. - Quantum precision measurement is highlighted for its ability to surpass standard quantum limits, with applications in quantum clock networks and long-baseline telescopes [1]. Quantum Internet Architecture - The report discusses the multi-stage development of the quantum internet, including trusted relay networks and the evolution of quantum relays to the fourth generation [2]. - It analyzes various protocol stacks for the quantum internet, including the Van Meter and Wehner five-layer models, and introduces packet-switching technology for data transmission [2]. - An initial resource-scarce operational model for the quantum internet is proposed, featuring a centralized control system with user and main networks [2]. Quantum Computing Network Collaboration - The report focuses on three collaborative trends: quantum cloud computing, integration of quantum and supercomputing, and distributed quantum computing [3]. - It emphasizes the necessity of computing network collaboration to meet the unique demands of quantum applications [3]. - Key research directions include resource abstraction and modeling, quantum business modeling, and scheduling framework modeling [3].