新华社北京12月24日电 记者手记：一场特殊的项目遴选会，为科学奇思鼓劲 "当了这么多次评委，第一次见到这样的评审会，评审专家激辩得比申请人还热烈！"日前，在国家自然 科学基金首批重大非共识项目遴选会议现场，一位专家连连感叹。 一走进会场，记者就感到了这次遴选会的不同寻常：一改"评审专家台下问、申请人台上答"的常规模 式，现场布局宛如辩论比赛，台上除了申请人，还有相对而坐的正反双方各5位小同行专家，台下参与 讨论的则是由9位跨领域专家组成的专家委员会。 重大非共识项目是在科学的"无人区"探险，意义重大、争议性大、风险性高，科学问题可能因颠覆既有 理论、新颖奇特而不被认同，成功的概率更如同大海捞针，通常很难获得研究资助。 但争议越大，越可能是重大突破即将破土的前兆。党的二十届三中全会提出，建立专家实名推荐的非共 识项目筛选机制。自然科学基金委在今年启动了重大非共识项目试点，开辟专门渠道遴选和资助重大原 创性、颠覆性的科技创新工作。 在专家委员会主任潘建伟院士看来，项目的设立"正当其时"："原来国内科技界更习惯跟随模仿，随着 我国科技创新能力的提升，现在到了可以引领一些领域的时候，尤其需要鼓励突破传统观念的开创性 ...

Core Insights - The diary of Samuel Pepys is characterized by its extensive detail and lack of reflection, providing a raw and unfiltered view of his life and times [3][4][5] - Pepys began writing his diary in 1660, documenting personal and societal events, which offers a unique perspective on 17th-century England [4][7] - The diary serves as a historical document that captures significant events such as the Great Fire of London and the political turmoil of the time, showcasing Pepys as an astute observer [11][12] Summary by Sections Diary Characteristics - Pepys' diary is noted for its vast information and meticulous detail, covering various aspects of his life without a reflective tone [3][4] - The diary entries are spontaneous and lack the formal structure often found in contemporary diaries, making them more relatable and genuine [4][5] Personal Background - Pepys, a man of humble beginnings, rose to prominence through hard work and talent, eventually becoming a key figure in the English Navy [13][14] - His early life experiences, including health issues and marriage, shaped his character and influenced his writings [4][6] Writing Motivation - The motivation behind Pepys' diary writing stemmed from a desire to document his experiences and thoughts, which he believed would be unique compared to others [4][5] - His writing was not aimed at self-promotion but rather a genuine interest in his own life and the world around him [5][6] Historical Context - Pepys lived through significant historical events, including the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution, which he documented with a personal touch [7][8] - His accounts of events like the Great Fire of London provide valuable insights into the societal impact of such disasters [11][12] Observational Skills - Pepys is recognized for his keen observational skills, capturing the minutiae of daily life and significant events with clarity and detail [11][12] - His writings reflect a deep engagement with the world, making his diary a rich source for understanding the era [11][12] Legacy - The diary has been preserved as a crucial historical document, offering insights into both Pepys' personal life and the broader societal context of 17th-century England [14][16] - The decision to maintain the diary rather than destroy it has allowed future generations to benefit from his unique perspective [14][16]

Core Viewpoint - A plagiarism controversy in the literary world, initiated by a "plagiarism blogger," is intensifying, prompting major literary magazines in China to implement stricter plagiarism checks and software to ensure content originality [1][4][10]. Group 1: Response from Literary Magazines - The newly released issue of "Hua Cheng" magazine announced the use of plagiarism detection software starting from its 2025 issue [1]. - "Shouhuo" magazine expressed gratitude to the blogger for highlighting plagiarism issues and called for purer originality [3]. - "Tianya" magazine stated that any authors found guilty of plagiarism would be publicly condemned and barred from publishing in the magazine [3]. - "People's Literature" magazine emphasized the importance of originality and pledged to increase the rigor of manuscript checks [3]. Group 2: Impact on Authors - The plagiarism scandal has led to significant discussions about the definitions of plagiarism versus borrowing in literature, with many accused authors choosing to remain silent [4]. - Notable authors, including Jiang Fangzhou and Sun Ping, have acknowledged their past mistakes regarding unintentional plagiarism and expressed a willingness to learn from the criticism [7]. - Some authors, like Ding Yan, have questioned the validity of sentence-level plagiarism checks, arguing that similarities in phrasing do not necessarily equate to plagiarism [8]. Group 3: Historical Context and Ongoing Issues - Plagiarism has been a longstanding issue in the literary field, with notable cases dating back to 2006 involving high-profile authors [10][11]. - The rise of AI tools has made it easier to detect plagiarism, leading to increased scrutiny of literary works [11]. - The current situation reflects a broader cultural shift towards valuing originality and the integrity of literary creation [13].