Group 1 - The book "The Myth of British Strategy: International Political Struggles in Europe, 1689-1914" challenges the traditional view that Britain's foreign policy was primarily focused on maintaining the balance of power in Europe, suggesting this perception is a historical myth [6] - "The Mask: Hygiene and Politics in Modern East Asia" discusses the role of masks in public health and political discourse in East Asia, highlighting their significance during various epidemics [26] - "Wine and War: The French Fight Against the Nazis" explores the role of the French wine industry during World War II, detailing how individuals in this sector cleverly navigated the challenges posed by Nazi occupation [30] Group 2 - "What is Meiji" reveals the modernization concepts of grassroots individuals during the Meiji Restoration, providing a different perspective on Japan's historical narrative [20] - "The Unseen Tchaikovsky" presents previously undisclosed materials from the Tchaikovsky Museum, offering insights into the composer's personal life and social interactions [8] - "The Conquest Code: Six Elements of Eurasian Prosperity" examines the underlying factors contributing to the dominance of Eurasian civilizations throughout history, focusing on agriculture, writing, maps, metallurgy, cavalry, and population migrations [47]

20世纪初，在肺鼠疫中佩戴类似口罩的呼吸器已经被许多细菌学家所接受，缺乏的只是实验室的科学验证， 以及较为统一的生产标准和命名。 1910年肺鼠疫的暴发，为呼吸器的大规模试验和普及提供了条件。 1911年1月25日，英国传教士医生嘉克逊（Arthur Jackson）在奉天参与防疫时不幸感染肺鼠疫去世。他毕业于剑桥大学医学院，专攻热带医学， 去世前两个月刚到奉天的教会医院工作。他的死因随即成为一个有争议的话题，各方争论的焦点是形如颌骨绷带的纱布口罩是否可以有效隔绝传 染。 同样毕业于剑桥大学医学院、 时任哈尔滨防疫总医官的伍连德认为，口罩能够阻隔肺鼠疫的传染，嘉克逊之所以会感染肺鼠疫，是因为他没 有戴口罩或者口罩没有戴紧， 导致吸入了鼠疫菌。因为同样参与奉天防疫的法国医生梅尼就是由于没有戴口罩，几天前刚刚死于鼠疫。但是嘉克 逊的同事认为，嘉克逊受过专业训练，每天工作前都会非常仔细地穿好防护服和防护靴，并戴上口罩、防头罩和手套。 嘉克逊的朋友还展示了他 参与防疫时全副武装的样子。 全副武装的嘉克逊为鼠疫疑似病人量体温 虽然我们无从知晓嘉克逊感染鼠疫的确切原因，但可以看出纱布口罩其实是当时防疫人员的标准配置。 有 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the psychological dependence of Japanese youth on masks, which has evolved from a health necessity during the pandemic to a psychological barrier even as restrictions ease [1][2][4] - Masks have transitioned from being a physical protective tool to a symbol of safety and emotional management, particularly among young people who feel anxious about revealing their true selves [2][3][10] - The cultural acceptance of mask-wearing in Japan, rooted in social norms and collective behavior, has contributed to the ongoing reliance on masks among the youth, even after the pandemic has subsided [4][5][6] Group 2 - The phenomenon of "mask dependency" is particularly pronounced among the "mask generation," who experienced significant social restrictions during their formative years, leading to challenges in social interactions and emotional expression [7][10] - Educational institutions are beginning to recognize the psychological impact of mask dependency and are implementing innovative strategies to help students overcome their reliance on masks, though challenges remain [8][11] - Addressing mask dependency requires a multifaceted approach involving government, media, and educational systems to promote safe social interactions and mental health support [11][12]