转自：中国科学报 1月24日，第六届中国大地测量与地球物理学学术大会（下文简称第六届CCGG大会）在上海开幕。本 届大会主题为"地球科学与气候变化"，议题覆盖冰冻圈、大气科学、地震学等八大领域。 来自不同领域的学者齐聚，不仅交流学科发展，也探讨将不同学科交叉融合并服务于探测地球资源、减 轻地球自然灾害、改善和保护地球环境、助力社会经济可持续发展等社会发展需要。 大会期间，中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任王赤接受媒体采访。以下是主要采访内 容。 空间科学可以激发更多年轻一代投入科学研究 问：地球科学是典型的交叉学科，覆盖许多不同分支学科。空间科学同样是一门交叉学科，对于其他领 域与技术的发展起到了哪些带动作用？ 我们现在的认知是，太阳系中，只有地球上有生命现象，有人类这样高等的智慧生物。同时，现在基本 可以肯定，月球上没有生命现象。 王赤： 确实，空间科学不是一个独立的学科，而是一个交叉学科。过去几十年间，空间科学的发展，极大促进 了多个学科的发展。 人们首先想到的是天文学研究。由于大气层阻挡，很多波段在地面是看不见的，因此不少天文台都建在 了空气相对稀薄一些的高山上。但即便是珠穆朗玛峰，也不过8 ...

Core Viewpoint - The National Museum of Nature has launched a new exhibition titled "Stone and Sea: A Fine Mineral Exhibition," featuring over 300 precious rock and mineral specimens that showcase the wonders of nature and the geological history of the Earth [1] Exhibition Overview - The exhibition is divided into four sections: "Crystal Wonders," "Rock and Star Languages," "Stone Fire Civilization," and "Mineral Selections" [3] - Two particular mineral specimens stand out in the exhibition [3] Featured Specimens - The centerpiece of the exhibition is a tourmaline mineral specimen resembling a traditional Chinese "huabiao," symbolizing both geological beauty and cultural significance [4] - Tourmaline is celebrated for its diverse color range, from colorless to black, and is a popular "colored gemstone" in China [4] - The "Butterfly Twin Crystals" are another highlight, consisting of twelve paired mineral specimens that resemble butterfly wings, with notable examples found in Brazil and Hunan, China [6][8] Interactive Experience - The exhibition includes an interactive experience area and multimedia presentations, allowing visitors to appreciate the beauty of nature and the depth of Earth sciences [9] - An interactive zone features fossilized creatures from 420 million years ago, allowing visitors to engage with ancient life forms [9] Geological Education - Unlike traditional mineral exhibitions, this event features a "Earth Evolution Theater" that illustrates the unique "identity codes" of mineral specimens shaped by various geological processes [11] - The exhibition showcases rock slices from different countries, highlighting the intricate textures and colors of ancient rocks [11][12] - The display emphasizes the physical properties of rocks, showcasing nature's extraordinary creativity [12]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that AI is fundamentally transforming the way Earth sciences are researched by integrating vast amounts of data and creating models [1][2] - The GeoGPT model is inspired by the Deep Time Digital Earth (DDE) international scientific initiative and is designed to combine extensive geological data with intelligent algorithms, offering capabilities such as literature analysis, data extraction, knowledge graph construction, geological map recognition, and research idea generation [2] - China is actively promoting open AI systems to allow broader access for the public and scientific communities, which enhances the AI ecosystem [2] Group 2 - The GeoGPT Governance Committee, established in 2024, aims to ensure the project adheres to ethical, legal, and operational standards while promoting transparency and collaboration with international entities [2] - The committee operates independently from GeoGPT and is committed to objective and fair oversight of the model [5] - AI's application in fields such as earthquake data collection and interpretation has already shown significant value, with rapid expansion into other areas [5]

Group 1 - The book "Science and Hypothesis: A Historical Collection on Scientific Methodology" by Larry Laudan discusses the evolution of the hypothesis method in science, highlighting its initial lack of prominence in the 17th century and its eventual establishment as a core tool in 20th-century scientific exploration [2] - The collection includes important papers by Laudan that analyze key historical moments and recurring thought patterns, providing significant insights into the evolution of modern scientific methodology [2] Group 2 - "The Light of the Netherlands: The Huygens Family and the Formation of European Science" by Hugh Aldersey-Williams focuses on the life and scientific achievements of Christian Huygens during the Dutch Golden Age, detailing his contributions in astronomy, optics, mechanics, and mathematics [4] - The book also explores Huygens' interactions with contemporaries like Newton, Descartes, and Leibniz, illustrating the academic atmosphere and social context of the scientific revolution [4] Group 3 - "Harvard University Science General Course: Exploring the Universe, Earth, and Life" by Irwin Shapiro investigates major scientific discoveries that have transformed human life and expanded our understanding of nature, structured into three parts: looking up at the universe, down at the Earth, and inward at life [6] - The author employs an accessible writing style to address fundamental questions about the nature of science, encouraging readers to observe, understand, analyze, and judge the world through a scientific lens [6] Group 4 - "Mathematical Philosophy Lectures" by Joy David Hamkins presents a unique approach to understanding mathematical philosophy through the lens of mathematical exploration and practice, discussing significant achievements in mathematical logic [8] - The book balances deep mathematical concepts with philosophical inquiry, covering various philosophical positions such as Platonism, realism, and formalism [8] Group 5 - "What is a Vector" by Robin Arianhod demonstrates how vectors and tensors provide an elegant language for expressing behaviors in space and time, showcasing the contributions of notable physicists and mathematicians [11] - The book explains the significance of vectors and tensors in representing physical quantities and dimensions, as well as their applications in modern technology [11] Group 6 - "The History of Mathematics: From Building Pyramids to Exploring Infinity" by Anne Rooney offers engaging insights into the development of mathematics, covering topics from the origins of numbers to calculus [14] - The book is structured into nine chapters, each focusing on different aspects of mathematics and its historical figures, making it accessible to a broad audience [14] Group 7 - "The Exploration History of Earth" by Yeshan presents a narrative of human understanding of Earth from the Roman Empire to the colonial era, highlighting significant geological studies and their impacts [20][21] - The book combines historical anecdotes with scientific developments in various branches of Earth sciences, providing a comprehensive overview of humanity's relationship with the planet [20][21] Group 8 - "The World is Unequal: Geography and Human Destiny" by Harlm de Blij argues that despite increasing globalization, geographical and cultural environments continue to shape individual and group destinies, leading to persistent inequalities [23] - The author categorizes global populations into internationalized, localized, and globalized groups, analyzing how factors like language, religion, and disaster response capabilities differ across regions [23] Group 9 - "The Shining Water Ring" by Gavin Maxwell recounts the author's solitary life in the Scottish Highlands post-World War II, exploring themes of nature and solitude through his interactions with wildlife [27] - The narrative captures the beauty and challenges of the natural environment, emphasizing the transformative power of nature on human experience [27] Group 10 - "Life-Saving Animals: Health Lessons from Nature" by Matt Morgan explores how various animal traits can inform human health practices, linking evolutionary biology to modern medical challenges [29] - The book presents a journey through different ecosystems, showcasing how animal adaptations can provide insights into human health and survival [29] Group 11 - "Marine Biology: Oxford General Readings" by Philip V. Mladenov offers a comprehensive overview of marine ecosystems, emphasizing their role in climate regulation and biodiversity [31] - The book systematically organizes information across various marine environments, helping readers understand the intricate balance of oceanic life [31] Group 12 - "Global Food Systems: Industrialized Britain, Food Systems, and World Ecology" by Chris Otter traces the origins of modern dietary habits in late 18th-century Britain, highlighting the shift from local to global food sources [33] - The author discusses the health implications of energy-dense diets and the increasing reliance on global resources for food production [33] Group 13 - "Plant Life: The Metaphysics of Mixtures" by Emanuele Coccia redefines the relationship between plants and the world, proposing a philosophical perspective on life and existence [35] - The book integrates discussions of the microscopic and macroscopic, offering a fresh interpretation of humanity's place within the life sciences [35] Group 14 - "The Orchid Phenomenon" by Jim Endersby examines the cultural significance of orchids throughout history, exploring their representation in literature and art [37] - The author investigates how cultural perceptions of orchids have evolved and influenced scientific understanding, providing a historical context for their allure [37] Group 15 - "My Mother is a Computer: Digital Subjects and Literary Texts" by N. Katherine Hayles analyzes the impact of algorithms on human identity and literature in the digital age [40] - The book explores the complex relationship between humans and intelligent machines, offering a conceptual guide for navigating the challenges of a digitally driven culture [40] Group 16 - "Eating Right for Three Meals a Day to Avoid Alzheimer's Disease" by Kazuhiko Yamagane presents dietary strategies based on the ReCODE method to prevent and improve Alzheimer's disease [42] - The author emphasizes the importance of diet in managing the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein in the brain, which is linked to Alzheimer's development [42]

Group 1 - The core theme of the technology festival is "Experience Inspires Scientific Intelligence, Innovation Leads to Future" focusing on enhancing students' scientific and engineering literacy while broadening their technological horizons [1][2] - The event features three main sections: a technology fair, academic competitions, and a Nobel Prize exhibition, showcasing a total of 27 booths from various universities, research institutes, and companies [1][2] - The technology fair is highlighted by participation from 20 universities, research institutions, and high-tech enterprises, allowing students to engage with cutting-edge technologies and hands-on experiences [2] Group 2 - The chemistry and biology competitions are particularly notable, with events like the "Homemade Chemical Battery - New Energy Car Racing" and the "Genetic Engineering Experiment Skills Competition" designed to integrate theoretical knowledge with practical application [2] - The school aims to cultivate innovative talents through diverse activities that align with national talent development plans, achieving significant educational outcomes in science and technology [3] - The school has been recognized as one of the first "Demonstration Schools for Science Education" in Guangdong Province, reflecting its commitment to innovative educational practices [3]