不久前，大连海关所属大连邮局海关查验关员在对进境国际邮件进行查验时，查获一箱申报为"折纸艺术、杂志"的活体蜘蛛，经现场清点，共计504 只。经专业机构鉴定，该活体蜘蛛为委内瑞拉太阳虎（Psalmopoeus irminia），为大连海关首次截获。该查获案例获评"2025年海关查获外来物种十大案 例"。 大连海关所属大连邮局海关检疫监管科副科长熊国华介绍，近年来，一些追求时尚、新潮的宠物爱好者，不再满足于饲养传统的猫狗宠物，转而饲 养"异宠"。而异宠多为外来物种，一旦逃逸或被遗弃到自然界，可能因缺乏天敌挤压本土物种的生存空间，破坏生态平衡和影响生物多样性。我国已发现 660多种外来入侵物种，其中71种对自然生态系统造成或具有潜在威胁，59种被列入《重点管理外来入侵物种名录》实施重点管控，这些物种每年造成的经 济损失超1200亿元。 胡强介绍，一些"异宠"可能具有攻击性和毒性，也可能携带多种病原微生物，给人类健康造成严重甚至致命的影响。此次截获的委内瑞拉太阳虎性格凶 猛，移动速度快，攻击性强，具有较强的毒性，可能对某些体质过敏的人造成严重后果。据报道，2023年6月一名美国35岁男性在清洁饲养箱时被委内瑞拉 太阳 ...

2025年南京海关共检出进境植物有害生物1595种 中新网南京1月27日电 (记者 朱晓颖)南京海关27日公布，2025年南京海关共检出进境植物有害生物1595 种、9.7万种次，有力维护了生态安全。 日前，金陵海关关员在进境邮件中查获毛象大兜虫。 刘诗月 摄 编辑：王永乐 广告等商务合作，请点击这里 本文为转载内容，授权事宜请联系原著作权人 中新经纬版权所有，未经书面授权，任何单位及个人不得转载、摘编或以其它方式使用。 关注中新经纬微信公众号(微信搜索"中新经纬"或"jwview")，看更多精彩财经资讯。 近年来，宠物种类愈发多元，长相奇特、色彩斑斓的蛇、蜥蜴、角蛙等成为热门"异宠"。日前，金陵海 关在对进境邮件进行监管时，在一个包裹中发现2只活体昆虫。经鉴定，该活体昆虫为毛象大兜虫。 "在缺少天敌制约的情况下，外来物种入侵现象一旦发生，将危害当地物种生存环境，打破当地生态平 衡。"金陵海关相关负责人介绍。 对此，南京海关推进"严防外来物种入侵三年专项行动"，筑牢口岸检疫防线，严防外来物种跨境入侵。 例如，金陵海关深化智能审图技术应用，依托AI识图模型辅助初筛，建立健全多重复核工作机制。苏 州海关聚焦风险事 ...

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of the invasive species "Canadian goldenrod" in Shanghai's Pudong New Area has prompted urgent cleanup actions due to its rapid spread and ecological threat [1][3]. Group 1: Invasive Species Characteristics - "Canadian goldenrod," introduced to China in the 1930s as an ornamental plant, has now spread to over 20 provinces, extending its range to northern and northeastern regions [1]. - This species can produce over 20,000 seeds per plant during its flowering period from July to November, with seeds capable of being dispersed over several kilometers [1]. - It can also reproduce asexually through underground rhizomes, leading to explosive growth patterns, described as "one flower blooms and hundreds die" due to its aggressive nature [1]. Group 2: Ecological Impact - The plant alters soil pH by secreting acidic substances, leading to soil compaction and acidification, which threatens native plant species and disrupts biodiversity [2]. - The invasive species can dominate ecosystems, creating monocultures that severely impact the structure of local ecosystems [2]. Group 3: Control Measures - Experts recommend immediate removal of suspected plants, with professional cleanup required before seed maturity, including mechanical removal of underground rhizomes and soil deep plowing [2]. - Continuous monitoring for over three years post-removal is necessary to prevent regrowth [2]. - Public awareness and participation are crucial for early detection and control of invasive species, emphasizing the need for community involvement in ecological protection [3].

Group 1 - The event "Plant Science Popularization and Natural Education Innovation Practice Forum" was held at Hangzhou Botanical Garden as part of the 2025 China Natural Education Conference [3] - Renowned science writer Tian Dong shared insights from his recent trip to Western Australia, highlighting unique local plants such as "Kangaroo Paw" and "Coastal Wattle" [4][5] - The discussion emphasized the ecological significance of native plants and the challenges posed by invasive species in Western Australia [5] Group 2 - Lin Wenfei, an expert in mycology from Zhejiang University, discussed the ecological importance of fungi and their historical use in Chinese culture [6] - Various beneficial fungi were highlighted, including Lingzhi and Cordyceps, which have health benefits such as improving immunity and digestion [6] - Lin also provided guidance on identifying toxic mushrooms, emphasizing that not all brightly colored mushrooms are poisonous, with white and gray mushrooms being particularly dangerous [7]

Core Viewpoint - The invasive species nutria is increasingly threatening flood safety and ecosystems in Germany, as reported by the German Hunting Association [1][2] Group 1: Invasive Species Impact - In 2023, nutria was found in approximately 35% of surveyed hunting areas, doubling from 2015 [1] - In Bremen and Hamburg, up to 93% and 74% of hunting areas respectively reported the presence of nutria, indicating significant urban infiltration [1] - Nutria burrow tunnels several meters long along riverbanks and levees, posing risks to flood safety in coastal and inland river areas [1] Group 2: Ecological Consequences - Nutria particularly damage reed beds, which can lead to the complete loss of reed coverage along riverbanks, severely impacting biodiversity [1] - Reed beds are crucial breeding habitats for insects, amphibians, fish, and birds due to their slower water flow [1] Group 3: Historical Context and Call to Action - Nutria were introduced to Germany in the 19th century for meat and fur production, and have since established stable populations in the wild [2] - Factors such as feeding by humans, climate change, and hunting restrictions have contributed to their prevalence in urban areas [2] - The German Hunting Association urges government levels, city managers, and the public to collaborate in controlling the spread of nutria [2]

Core Viewpoint - The sale of "wild turtles" in various locations has raised concerns, as these turtles are primarily identified as Florida softshell turtles, an invasive species that poses ecological threats and is unsuitable for consumption or release into the wild [1][4][19] Group 1: Identification and Characteristics of Florida Softshell Turtle - Florida softshell turtles, also known as pearl turtles, have a smooth, oval shape, medium-sized head, and robust limbs with webbed feet [5] - They are native to the United States and primarily feed on soft-bodied animals, crustaceans, and fish, exhibiting rapid growth and strong adaptability [7] Group 2: Ecological Impact - Upon being released into Chinese waters, Florida softshell turtles can aggressively compete for territory, threatening native turtle populations and overall biodiversity, earning them the title of "freshwater tyrants" [8] - The article highlights other invasive species that pose similar ecological risks, such as Canadian goldenrod, smooth cordgrass, and apple snails, which disrupt local ecosystems and agricultural practices [9][11][13][14][15] Group 3: Recommendations and Actions - The article emphasizes that releasing animals into the wild does not equate to doing good; instead, it can have detrimental effects on ecosystems [17] - It advises the public to report the sale of such animals and to engage in responsible wildlife management practices, including only releasing native species and supporting conservation efforts [17][19]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the issue of invasive species in Guangdong Province, highlighting their ecological impact and the need for effective control measures [4][39]. Invasive Species Overview - Guangdong is one of the regions in China with the highest number of invasive species, with hundreds identified that threaten local ecosystems and agricultural safety [4][5]. - Invasive species can damage crops, outcompete native plants, and disrupt ecological balance due to the absence of natural predators [5][6]. Specific Invasive Species 1. Pomacea canaliculata (Golden Apple Snail) - Originally from the Amazon basin, this species was introduced to China in the 1980s and has rapidly spread in Guangdong's rice fields [10][11]. - It has a high feeding rate, consuming up to 40% of its body weight daily, primarily targeting young rice seedlings and vegetables, which severely affects crop emergence rates [12]. - The reproductive capacity is significant, with each snail capable of laying 200-1000 eggs multiple times a year, making control efforts challenging [13][15]. 2. Mikania micrantha (Mile-a-Minute Vine) - This perennial vine, native to Central America, has spread widely in Guangdong, particularly in forested areas and orchards [20][21]. - It grows rapidly, extending over 20 cm per day, and can smother native plants, leading to their death and causing severe ecological damage [22][24]. 3. Bidens pilosa (Spanish Needle) - Originally from tropical America, this species is now common in Guangdong's farmland and wastelands [29][30]. - It has strong adaptability and prolific reproduction, competing with crops for light, water, and nutrients, which can hinder agricultural productivity [31][32]. Control Measures - The article emphasizes the importance of public participation in controlling invasive species and provides specific strategies for managing the highlighted species [37][39]. - For Pomacea canaliculata, methods include manual collection and the use of specific pesticides while adhering to safety regulations [18][16]. - For Mikania micrantha, mechanical removal and targeted herbicide application are recommended to prevent its spread [26][28]. - For Bidens pilosa, early removal before flowering and the use of selective herbicides are suggested to minimize its impact on crops [34][36].

Group 1 - The popularity of "exotic pets" in China is rising, with over 17 million people reportedly keeping them, which includes non-traditional animals like snakes, lizards, and spiders [1] - There are significant safety concerns associated with the ownership and importation of exotic pets, particularly regarding the potential ecological impact of invasive species [7][21] - Illegal importation of exotic species is occurring, with recent incidents involving travelers attempting to smuggle various foreign animals into the country [3][8] Group 2 - The introduction of foreign species can lead to severe ecological consequences, including threats to native species and agricultural production [19][23] - Specific examples of harmful invasive species include the "Canadian goldenrod" and "muti-flowered cordgrass," which have shown strong reproductive capabilities and can outcompete native flora [28][31] - The Chinese government is taking measures to combat the spread of invasive species, including a national survey every ten years and the implementation of control plans for specific invasive plants [33]

海关也呼吁广大民众，增强防范意识，共同守护国门生物安全，切勿购买非法引入的小动物，切勿让个 人的喜爱变成对大自然的伤害。 近年来，宠物种类越来越多，饲养蛇、蜥蜴、角蛙等长相奇特、色彩斑斓的"异宠"成为一股热潮， 但"异宠"带来的外来物种入侵风险不容小觑，一旦发生逃逸或被遗弃到自然界，在没有天敌的情形下会 迅速繁殖扩散，挤占本土物种的生存空间，严重影响我国生态环境安全、农林牧渔生产安全。此外，某 些"异宠"不仅具有很强的攻击性和毒性，还可能携带多种致病生物，在引进、运输、饲养过程中伴随极 大的安全风险和疫情传播隐患，影响生命健康安全。 外来物种入侵严重威胁生物多样性，由于缺少天敌制约，一旦入侵将直接危害当地物种或肆意生长为当 地新优势物种，打破原有生态平衡，对生态系统造成严重破坏。 海关是防范外来物种入侵的第一道防线，北京海关持续深入开展"严防外来物种入侵三年专项行动"，强 化风险监测评估，发掘整理"异宠"非法寄递、交易信息，开展分析排查，利用X光机、CT机及智能审图 等技术手段加强口岸检查，依法依规严格安全处置，多部门沟通协作形成合力，重拳打击引进外来物种 的非法行为。 下一步，北京海关将持续健全监测预警体系 ...