【文/观察者网 王一】当地时间2月13日，第62届慕尼黑安全会议（慕安会）以德国总理默茨的演讲拉 开帷幕。他在演讲中抛出一个观点：二战后由美国霸权塑造的秩序已结束，世界进入了一个"大国政 治"时代，而在这一格局下，美国现在意识到需要在某些领域需要"赶上"中国。 英国《卫报》指出，德国总理在慕安会上发表讲话一直以来都是一件大事。与他的前任不同，默茨选择 在第一天的开幕式上发言，这被解读是试图为会议定下基调。 报道称，默茨发言伊始先以较为缓和的语气开场，表示慕安会"始终是政治形势的地震仪"。他回顾自己 多年来出席会议、与"美国朋友"建立关系的经历，强调这一平台在跨大西洋关系中的重要意义。 谈及中国时，默茨认为，中国近年来发展迅速，"希望成为塑造世界的领导者"，并凭借"战略耐心为此 铺平了道路"，未来甚至可能在军事层面与美国平起平坐。但他同时声称，中国"系统性地利用他国的依 赖关系"，并试图以有利于自身的方式重塑国际秩序。 默茨指出，在这一新兴世界秩序中，大宗商品、技术以及供应链将发挥尤为关键的作用。他称，美国如 今已意识到自己在某些领域需要"赶上"中国，但美国现在采取的"快速"且"激进"的适应方式只会"加 速"这 ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the resurgence of great power politics and geography in the context of ongoing global conflicts, emphasizing the need for strategic geographical considerations in national planning [1][5][12] - It highlights the historical significance of China's "Third Line Construction" during the Cold War, which aimed at industrial and military preparedness in less vulnerable inland areas [2][13][20] - The current national strategy aims to optimize production layouts and strengthen strategic hinterland construction, drawing parallels with the historical context of the Third Line Construction [3][36][39] Group 2 - The concept of "strategic hinterland" is defined as regions away from coastal areas, focusing on the development of inland areas to enhance national security and economic resilience [3][12][37] - The article emphasizes the importance of industrial backup and geographical restructuring in the new era, advocating for a balance between openness and the development of inland regions [2][40][41] - It notes that the current strategic hinterland construction must transcend the limitations of the Third Line Construction, incorporating modern industrial systems and ecological considerations [36][39][44] Group 3 - The article points out that the Third Line Construction significantly reshaped China's economic geography, creating a modern industrial system centered on national defense [20][21][23] - It discusses the challenges faced during the Third Line Construction, including inefficiencies and the need for better site selection and layout [31][32][33] - The legacy of the Third Line Construction is seen as a foundation for contemporary strategic hinterland development, with an emphasis on learning from past experiences [47][48]