1月1日，青海大通，青海三线建设（大通）教育基地开馆。该馆是青海省为纪念"三线建设"历史而建立 的主题场馆。三线建设是20世纪60年代中期至80年代初，中国在中西部地区开展的一场以备战为核心、 以国防工业为重点的大规模经济建设运动，是新中国历史上一次影响深远的国家战略布局调整。图为民 众参观展览。中新社记者 张忠苹 摄 1月1日，青海大通，青海三线建设(大通)教育基地开馆。该馆是青海省为纪念"三线建设"历史而建立的 主题场馆。三线建设是20世纪60年代中期至80年代初，中国在中西部地区开展的一场以备战为核心、以 国防工业为重点的大规模经济建设运动，是新中国历史上一次影响深远的国家战略布局调整。图为青海 三线建设(大通)教育基地开馆揭牌仪式。中新社记者 张忠苹 摄 1月1日，青海大通，青海三线建设(大通)教育基地开馆。该馆是青海省为纪念"三线建设"历史而建立的 主题场馆。三线建设是20世纪60年代中期至80年代初，中国在中西部地区开展的一场以备战为核心、以 国防工业为重点的大规模经济建设运动，是新中国历史上一次影响深远的国家战略布局调整。图为民众 参观展览。中新社记者 张忠苹 摄 1月1日，青海大通，青海三线建 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the significant impact of the "Third Front" construction from 1964 to 1980 on the development of cities in China, particularly focusing on Liupanshui as one of the newly established industrial cities [1][3] Group 1: Historical Context - The development of Chinese cities before the reform and opening-up largely relied on abundant mineral resources and transportation networks, with examples like Daqing and Wuhan illustrating this trend [1] - Liupanshui's rise is attributed to its rich coal resources, which are essential for industrial production, especially in the steel industry [1] Group 2: Third Front Construction - In response to international tensions, particularly with the US and the Soviet Union, the Chinese government initiated the Third Front construction to establish industrial bases in the northwest and southwest regions, designating Liupanshui as a key coal industrial base [3] - The coal base in Liupanshui began construction in 1964, with a planned annual coal production target of 22 million tons, involving an investment of 2.76 billion yuan across 27 projects [3][5] Group 3: Infrastructure Development - The mountainous terrain of Guizhou province necessitated the development of transportation infrastructure, leading to the construction of the 2208 railway line to facilitate coal transportation [5] - During the Third Front construction, several state-owned enterprises were established in Liupanshui, including the Wucheng Steel Company and various mining and power plants, fundamentally transforming the city into a modern industrial hub [5] Group 4: Long-term Impact - The Third Front construction is considered a pivotal moment in Liupanshui's history, enabling the city to develop into an important urban center, which would not have been possible without this initiative [7] - The legacy of the builders from the Third Front construction continues to influence the city's development, highlighting the lasting impact of this historical period [7]

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates Wang Xinmin, the first director of China Aviation Engine Corporation (AVIC) Li Yang Power, highlighting his significant contributions to the development of aviation engines in China and his dedication to the industry throughout his life [1][2][3]. Group 1: Early Life and Career - Wang Xinmin was born in 1925 in Suzhou, Jiangsu, and actively participated in anti-Japanese movements during his youth, later joining the Communist Party in 1945 [1][2]. - In 1954, he responded to the call for building the aviation industry in China and moved to Shenyang to contribute to the nascent aviation engine sector [2][3]. Group 2: Contributions to Aviation Engine Development - In 1966, Wang was appointed to establish the Li Yang Engine Factory in Guizhou, where he led the construction and production efforts under challenging conditions [2][4]. - He emphasized the importance of core technology and innovation, advocating for practical improvements based on frontline production experiences [5][6]. - Wang played a crucial role in the development of the WP-13 engine, which was successfully integrated into the J-7E fighter aircraft, marking a significant achievement for the factory [6][8]. Group 3: Legacy and Impact - Under Wang's leadership, the Li Yang factory became a key player in China's aviation engine production, establishing a comprehensive design, manufacturing, and quality management system over 60 years [8][9]. - Wang's commitment to the workforce included personal sacrifices, such as providing support to employees and their families during difficult times [9][10]. - His vision for the future of the aviation industry in China was encapsulated in his encouragement for the next generation to continue striving for excellence and contributing to national defense and economic development [13][14].

Core Insights - The "Third Front" construction was a significant project in China from 1964 to 1978 aimed at relocating key industrial, technological, and defense capabilities to the southwestern and inland mountainous areas to enhance national security [1][11] - The project involved the establishment of numerous military factories, including the 348 Factory, which was built in the Huaying Mountains and became a symbol of this industrial effort [3][5] Group 1: Historical Context - The Third Front construction was the largest and longest industrial system construction in New China, with its major secrets only being disclosed in the late 1980s [1] - The goal was to create a defense system that would protect the core national capabilities from external attacks [1] Group 2: 348 Factory Overview - The 348 Factory, also known as the State-owned Hongguang Instrument Factory, was established in 1966 and initially focused on producing aiming devices for fighter jets [5] - Over time, the factory diversified its production to include civilian products such as movie cameras and carburetors, reflecting changes in military and civilian demand [5] Group 3: Factory Infrastructure and Community - The 348 Factory covered approximately 650 acres and employed around 2,400 workers, functioning as a self-contained community with various facilities including dormitories, schools, and recreational areas [7] - The factory was designed to support both production and the daily lives of its employees, creating a small society within its premises [7] Group 4: Current State and Legacy - The factory has deteriorated over time, with remnants of its past glory now hidden in the forest, symbolizing the passage of time and the decline of the once-thriving industrial site [9][11] - The current state of the 348 Factory serves as a reminder of the historical significance of the Third Front construction and the importance of national security and self-sufficiency [11]

Core Insights - Chongqing has rapidly developed into one of the two major metropolises in Southwest China within a century, significantly influenced by key historical events such as the opening of ports, its status as a wartime capital, and its designation as a center for the Third Front construction [1][3]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Third Front construction, initiated in 1964, involved the designation of regions based on their distance from borders, with Chongqing selected as a core city and military industrial base [1]. - From 1964 to 1980, the Third Front construction led to the establishment of 118 enterprises and research institutions in Chongqing, forming a defense industrial system that included conventional weapons manufacturing and sectors like electronics, shipbuilding, aerospace, and nuclear industry [1][3]. Group 2: Reasons for Selection - Five main reasons contributed to Chongqing's selection as the center for Third Front construction: 1. Abundant resources and a large population in Sichuan, with Chongqing as a strategic location [3]. 2. A strong foundation in weapon manufacturing due to the relocation of coastal factories during the war [3]. 3. The presence of major industrial bases for heavy steel and special steel, supporting heavy industry [3]. 4. A solid foundation in machinery and chemical industries, enhancing overall manufacturing capabilities [3]. 5. Rich coal resources and the largest thermal power plant in Southwest China at the time, ensuring reliable energy for large-scale production [3]. Group 3: Economic Impact - The Third Front construction served as a crucial industrial and economic boost for Chongqing, transitioning its key industries towards the automotive sector over time [5]. - The production of the first microcar, the Chang'an SC110, in November 1984 marked a significant milestone, establishing a connection between defense technology and subsequent civilian industries [5].

Core Insights - The article discusses the historical significance and transformation of the 120 Factory, part of the military industrial complex established during China's "Third Front" construction from 1964 to 1980, aimed at enhancing national self-sufficiency and comprehensive strength [1] Group 1: Historical Context - The "Third Front" construction involved large-scale defense, technology, and industrial development in 13 provinces in central and western China, focusing on military preparedness and self-sufficiency [1] - The 120 Factory, part of the 081 base, was a significant military electronics enterprise that contributed to the development of China's first low-altitude fire control radar [1] Group 2: Current Status - The 120 Factory is divided into eastern and western zones, with the eastern area being densely built and busy, while the western area features orderly brick houses and a more solemn atmosphere [3] - Some parts of the 120 Factory have been transformed into a "Third Front Memory" exhibition hall, showcasing the historical significance of the site, while new businesses like restaurants and cafes have emerged, revitalizing the area [5] Group 3: Cultural and Emotional Significance - The remnants of the 120 Factory evoke nostalgia for the past, as the once vibrant site has become quieter over time, reflecting the passage of an era [7] - Each factory from the "Third Front" era carries deep emotional and historical memories, highlighting the personal connections and stories associated with these industrial sites [7]

Core Points - The article highlights the significance of the "Third Line" construction movement in China, particularly in Liupanshui, which became a key site for this initiative starting in 1964 [1] - It emphasizes the role of Ou Jin, a dedicated guide at the Guizhou Third Line Construction Museum, who has conducted over 1,500 tours and received numerous accolades for her efforts in promoting the "Third Line" culture [3] Group 1 - The "Third Line" construction movement involved the mobilization of hundreds of thousands of workers to build infrastructure in remote areas, showcasing a spirit of resilience and dedication [1] - Ou Jin has been actively involved in cultural service activities, reaching out to schools and communities to spread awareness of the "Third Line" culture, and has trained over 300 children in presentation skills [3][4] - As a member of the Liupanshui Municipal Political Consultative Conference, Ou Jin has facilitated over 100 lectures that reached more than 20,000 teachers and students, promoting the "Third Line" spirit in educational settings [3] Group 2 - Ou Jin's commitment extends beyond cultural promotion; she has engaged in charitable activities, including fundraising for patients with rare diseases and assisting students facing financial difficulties [3] - The article concludes with Ou Jin's determination to continue her efforts in studying and disseminating the "Third Line" culture, aiming to make its stories widely known [4]

Group 1 - The article discusses the resurgence of great power politics and geography in the context of ongoing global conflicts, emphasizing the need for strategic geographical considerations in national planning [1][5][12] - It highlights the historical significance of China's "Third Line Construction" during the Cold War, which aimed at industrial and military preparedness in less vulnerable inland areas [2][13][20] - The current national strategy aims to optimize production layouts and strengthen strategic hinterland construction, drawing parallels with the historical context of the Third Line Construction [3][36][39] Group 2 - The concept of "strategic hinterland" is defined as regions away from coastal areas, focusing on the development of inland areas to enhance national security and economic resilience [3][12][37] - The article emphasizes the importance of industrial backup and geographical restructuring in the new era, advocating for a balance between openness and the development of inland regions [2][40][41] - It notes that the current strategic hinterland construction must transcend the limitations of the Third Line Construction, incorporating modern industrial systems and ecological considerations [36][39][44] Group 3 - The article points out that the Third Line Construction significantly reshaped China's economic geography, creating a modern industrial system centered on national defense [20][21][23] - It discusses the challenges faced during the Third Line Construction, including inefficiencies and the need for better site selection and layout [31][32][33] - The legacy of the Third Line Construction is seen as a foundation for contemporary strategic hinterland development, with an emphasis on learning from past experiences [47][48]

Core Viewpoint - The article reflects on the historical and cultural significance of a group of eight red brick buildings in Liuzhi, which have served as a home for generations of workers and their families, symbolizing community, resilience, and the passage of time [1][3][9]. Group 1: Historical Context - The eight buildings were constructed during the "Third Front" movement in the 1960s and 1970s, housing workers from various regions who contributed to the development of the Liuzhi Mining Bureau [3][4]. - The buildings became a communal living space where families shared resources and experiences, fostering a strong sense of belonging and community [4][6]. Group 2: Current Transformation - Over the years, the buildings have undergone renovations, with updated facilities and a shift in demographics as younger residents move in, bringing new life to the area [6][9]. - Despite changes, the buildings remain a significant landmark in the city, evoking nostalgia and memories for those who lived there [9]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The article emphasizes the emotional connection that former residents have with the buildings, as they represent not just a physical space but also a collective memory of struggle, achievement, and community [4][9]. - The vibrant daily life around the buildings, characterized by local vendors and community interactions, continues to reflect the spirit of the neighborhood [3][6].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the successful completion of the "Urban Origin Infrastructure and Industrial Tourism Cultural Integration Project" in Panzhihua City, which aims to blend historical architecture with modern aesthetics, creating a new cultural landmark for citizens and tourists [5][9]. Group 1: Project Overview - The project is based on 11 historical cultural buildings in the Lanjian Community and aims to create a historical cultural district through renovation [7]. - Key completed works include the restoration of the supply and marketing cooperative, construction of the expert courtyard, two bus station entrances, and the transformation of street building styles, with the final design phase expected to be completed by the end of August [7]. - The entire project is scheduled to begin trial operations by the end of October [7]. Group 2: Cultural Significance - The East District of Panzhihua City is recognized as the main battlefield of the "Third Line Construction," embodying the city's deep industrial cultural memory [9]. - The project aims to deeply explore the history and cultural connotations of steel city development, creating immersive cultural experience spaces [9]. - Planned features include an expert theme exhibition hall, a "How Steel is Made" vanadium-titanium steel theme research hall, and an immersive flight cinema titled "Flying Over Panzhihua" [9].