Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of building a modern industrial system as a material and technological foundation for a modern nation, with a focus on the real economy to support long-term development goals [1][2] - The construction of a modern industrial system is a global competitive focus, especially in the context of technological revolutions and industrial transformations, with many countries facing internal socio-political issues rooted in economic challenges [2][3] - The characteristics of a modern industrial system for a large economy like China should include completeness, scale, diversity, density, and advancement [4][5][6][7] Group 2 - The relationship between traditional and modern production must be carefully managed, recognizing that traditional sectors can also embody modernity and that new technologies should enhance existing industries rather than replace them [10][13] - The development of new quality productivity is crucial, requiring a strategic focus on technological innovation, traditional industry upgrades, and the establishment of a robust national innovation system [9][14][19] - A "big research system" is essential for fostering new quality productivity, integrating basic research, application technology transformation, and financial services to support innovation [18][19][21]

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of building a modern industrial system as a material and technological foundation for a modernized nation, with a focus on the real economy to support the second centenary goal [1][2] - The construction of a modern industrial system is a global competitive focus, especially in the context of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation [2][3] - The imbalance in industrial structures can lead to social and political instability, as seen in the challenges faced by the US and Europe [2][3] Group 2 - China needs a modern industrial system characterized by completeness, advancement, safety, and the ability to be self-controlled [4][5] - The system should ensure large production capacity to meet the demands of a population exceeding 1.4 billion, with a middle-income group of over 400 million [5][6] - Economic activities must be diversified to avoid over-competition and "involution," which can arise from a lack of new economic activities [6][7] Group 3 - The relationship between traditional and modern production must be managed carefully, recognizing that traditional sectors can also embody modernity [10][11] - The US and UK have faced challenges due to an overemphasis on modern sectors at the expense of traditional industries, leading to deindustrialization [11][12] - A complete industrial system requires both the development of new productive forces and the consolidation of traditional productive forces [12][13] Group 4 - The integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is crucial for developing new productive forces [14][15] - The "three drivers" of technological innovation include basic research, application technology transformation, and financial services, all of which are essential for economic development [15][16] - A robust financial system is necessary to support the transformation of application technologies and to foster innovation [21][22] Group 5 - Systemic reforms are needed to address the shortcomings in the current research and innovation ecosystem, including the relationship between research funding and practical application [20][23] - Pilot reforms in specific regions can facilitate effective changes in the innovation landscape, allowing for the testing of new policies and practices [23][24] - The establishment of a "big research system" is essential for enhancing the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system and fostering new productive forces [19][20]