（央视财经《正点财经》）神舟二十号航天员乘组在轨驻留已203天，即将收获满满返回地球，他们这次太空出差都完成了哪些 任务？取得了哪些成果？ 神舟二十号航天员乘组共完成4次出舱活动和7次载荷进出舱任务 神舟二十号航天员乘组在轨照料斑马鱼和太空菜园 提供科研实验数据 空间站里，斑马鱼和太空菜园也在三名航天员的照料下生机勃勃，增加了空间站生命气息的同时，也为科研提供了大量实验数 据。 神舟二十号航天员乘组在轨与地面配合对舱外航天服进行"寿命评估" 今年七月，神舟二十号迎来了天舟九号快递小哥的到来，6.5吨的货包里不但装载了航天员在轨驻留消耗品、推进剂、应用实验 装置等物资，还带来了两件崭新的舱外航天服，保留在空间站的舱外服则在神舟二十号与地面工作人员的配合下进行了"寿命评 估"，留下了大量宝贵数据。 典型成果包括：空间环境下获得了高质量的蛋白晶体，有望为肿瘤治疗提供潜在靶点；钨合金被成功加热到3100℃，刷新了国 际空间材料科学实验最高加热温度的纪录；首次发现带电胶体在微重力下结晶形成长寿命亚稳态结构等。 任务期间，乘组共进行了4次出舱活动和7次载荷进出舱任务，完成空间碎片防护装置安装、舱外辅助装置安装、舱外设施设 ...

Core Points - The Russian space agency announced that two astronauts conducted a spacewalk lasting 6 hours and 54 minutes, successfully returning to the International Space Station [1] - The main task of the spacewalk was to install a pulsed plasma injector on the "Science" module, along with cleaning the module's windows [1] - The pulsed plasma injector is intended for research on the impact of satellites on Earth's ionosphere, particularly during magnetic storms or solar flares [1] Summary by Sections - **Spacewalk Details** - The spacewalk took place from October 28 to 29, with astronauts Sergey Rezhikov and Alexey Zubritsky exiting the module at 17:19 Moscow time [1] - This was the second spacewalk for these astronauts in October [2] - **Scientific Objectives** - The installation of the pulsed plasma injector is aimed at facilitating research on the ionosphere during specific solar events [1]

Group 1 - The core event is the press conference held by the Shenzhou 19 astronaut crew after their 183-day stay in space, where they shared their experiences and insights [1] - Astronaut Cai Xuzhe returned to the Tiangong space station just 22 months after his last mission, setting a record for the shortest time between missions for Chinese astronauts [2][3] - Cai described the feeling of returning to the space station as both familiar and strange, emphasizing the shift from being a crew member to leading a team [4][5] Group 2 - The Shenzhou 19 mission involved a significant challenge when a cargo adapter became stuck, requiring the astronauts to perform an emergency spacewalk to resolve the issue [6][7] - The first spacewalk lasted 9 hours, setting a new record for the longest spacewalk by Chinese astronauts and a world record for single spacewalk duration [6][7] - Astronaut Song Lingdong, the youngest member of the crew, expressed a strong sense of responsibility and teamwork during the mission [8][10] Group 3 - The crew conducted various scientific experiments, including breeding fruit flies in space, which is significant for understanding biological processes in microgravity [15][16] - Song Lingdong also successfully grew sweet potatoes in space, drawing on his childhood experience with gardening [17][18] - Astronaut Wang Haoze, the first female flight engineer, highlighted the challenges faced by female astronauts in training and execution of tasks [19][22] Group 4 - The Shenzhou 19 mission included over half new experiments and projects, with the crew collaborating closely with researchers to ensure successful execution [22] - Wang expressed pride in contributing female data to brainwave experiments, emphasizing the importance of diversity in scientific research [23] - The astronauts shared a deep emotional connection to their homeland, often looking for familiar landmarks from space and feeling a strong sense of belonging to both Earth and the space station [25][24]

Core Viewpoint - The significant budget cuts proposed by the U.S. government for NASA are raising widespread concerns about the future of the agency's scientific projects and space exploration initiatives [1][2]. Budget Cuts Impact - The new budget proposal could lead to the termination of approximately 41 ongoing or planned scientific missions, which represents about one-third of NASA's total projects [1]. - NASA's science project funding is set to be reduced by nearly half, marking a critical crisis for the U.S. space program [1]. - The White House's Office of Management and Budget has stated that NASA's annual expenditure of over $7 billion on nearly 100 scientific missions is "unsustainable" [1]. Specific Program Cuts - The budget demands a two-thirds reduction in funding for astrophysics, affecting key missions such as the VERITAS and DAVINCI+ Venus exploration projects, which are now uncertain [3]. - The Chandra X-ray Observatory's operational budget is proposed to be cut from $69 million to zero, jeopardizing its ongoing scientific contributions [3]. - The operational funding for the MAVEN satellite, which has been collecting data in orbit around Mars since 2014, is also set to be eliminated, risking its functionality and potential crash on Mars [3]. Strategic Shift - The proposed budget indicates a fundamental shift in NASA's focus, prioritizing lunar and Martian missions over other scientific endeavors, as the Trump administration aims to send astronauts to the Moon and Mars ahead of China [3].

今年4月，中国国家航天局发布嫦娥五号任务月球样品国际借用申请结果，同意6个国家的7家机构的申请。当地时间12日，总台记者走进接收月球样品的巴 黎地球物理研究所，在这里，月球样品引燃了法国科学家的研究热情。 0:00 总台记者 朱雪松：这里是巴黎地球物理研究所实验室，法国科学家正在用这台仪器通过同位素检测的方式，对来自中国的月球样本深入分析，这就好比给 月球样本做了一次全身的CT扫描，以还原他在数十亿年前的形成与演化过程。 巴黎地球物理研究所教授 弗雷德里克·穆瓦尼耶：我的预期是嫦娥五号月球样品的表现可能和阿波罗样品相似，如果相似，就说明我们或许可以得到一个关 于整个月球的完整故事。如果结果不同，虽然我不清楚会不会这样，但是结果不同可能更有意思，这意味着月球内部的性质可能不像地球一样。 穆瓦尼耶教授认为，中国在太空科研领域有独特优势。如今，随着嫦娥样品进入法国实验室，中法科学家之间的协作将继续深化。 巴黎地球物理研究所教授 弗雷德里克·穆瓦尼耶：因为嫦娥五号月球样品，也因为我在中国有很多出色的学生，他们现在已成为教授，我每年都去中国很多 次参加交流和会议。 巴黎地球物理研究所的穆瓦尼耶教授亲自将嫦娥五号采集的月 ...