Core Points - NASA has introduced a new selection of 10 astronauts from over 8,000 applicants, marking the first time the number of women selected (6) exceeds that of men (4) [1][2] - The new astronauts may potentially be among the first Americans to land on Mars, requiring two years of training to qualify for missions [2] - Since 1959, this is the 24th group of astronauts selected by NASA, with the previous selection occurring in 2021 [2] Group 1 - A total of 370 individuals have passed NASA's astronaut selection process to date, including 41 active astronauts [3] - The selection process is described as rigorous, with officials noting that the chosen candidates are rare [4] - The new group includes a geologist involved in the Curiosity Mars rover project, an engineer from SpaceX, and several military pilots [4] Group 2 - Adam Fuhrman, a newly selected astronaut, received the call about his selection during rush hour and had to pull over to confirm the news [4] - Anna Menon, another selected astronaut, is an engineer from SpaceX and was the first person to go to space before being selected by NASA [4] - Menon's husband, Anil, was part of the previous astronaut selection and has experience in space projects as a doctor [4]

这些宇航员需要接受两年培训才能获得"上岗"资格。这是1959年以来美国航天局选拔出的第24批宇航员，上一批宇航员"招新"是在2021年。迄今为止，只有 370人通过了美国航天局的宇航员选拔，包括41名现役宇航员。 美国航天局负责宇航员培训的官员诺姆·奈特说，宇航员选拔程序严格，入选者"凤毛麟角"。 新一批宇航员包括曾参与美国航天局"好奇"号火星车项目的地质学家、美国太空探索技术公司工程师，以及多名军队飞行员。空军少校亚当·富尔曼在交通 晚高峰时接到电话，得知自己入选宇航员。他赶紧就近驶出公路，在停车场停车"确认没有听错"。 今年入选的安娜·梅农是太空探索技术公司工程师。去年9月，她作为公司商业载人项目的一员，乘坐"龙"飞船进入太空，是通过美国航天局宇航员选拔之前 就上过太空的第一人。她的丈夫阿尼尔上一批入选美国航天局宇航员，作为医生曾参与过太空探索技术公司太空项目。 美国航天局22日向公众介绍新遴选出的10名宇航员：他们从8000多名申请人中脱颖而出，包括6名女性和4名男性，女性人数首次超过男性。 美联社援引美国航天局代理局长肖恩·达菲的话报道，新一批宇航员今后或可成为登上火星的首批美国宇航员之一。 ...

这些宇航员需要接受两年培训才能获得"上岗"资格。这是1959年以来美国航天局选拔出的第24批宇航 员，上一批宇航员"招新"是在2021年。迄今为止，只有370人通过了美国航天局的宇航员选拔，包括41 名现役宇航员。 【新华社微特稿】美国航天局22日向公众介绍新遴选出的10名宇航员：他们从8000多名申请人中脱颖而 出，包括6名女性和4名男性，女性人数首次超过男性。 美联社援引美国航天局代理局长肖恩·达菲的话报道，新一批宇航员今后或可成为登上火星的首批美国 宇航员之一。 新一批宇航员包括曾参与美国航天局"好奇"号火星车项目的地质学家、美国太空探索技术公司工程师， 以及多名军队飞行员。空军少校亚当·富尔曼在交通晚高峰时接到电话，得知自己入选宇航员。他赶紧 就近驶出公路，在停车场停车"确认没有听错"。 今年入选的安娜·梅农是太空探索技术公司工程师。去年9月，她作为公司商业载人项目的一员，乘 坐"龙"飞船进入太空，是通过美国航天局宇航员选拔之前就上过太空的第一人。她的丈夫阿尼尔上一批 入选美国航天局宇航员，作为医生曾参与过太空探索技术公司太空项目。（完）（欧飒） 美国航天局负责宇航员培训的官员诺姆·奈特说，宇航员选拔 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving profile of astronauts needed for future Mars missions, emphasizing the necessity for individuals with unique backgrounds, such as adventurers, who can thrive in extreme and isolated environments [2][3][4]. Group 1: Astronaut Selection for Mars Missions - Current astronauts are primarily selected from backgrounds in engineering, piloting, or science, but for Mars missions, NASA may need to consider candidates with experience in crisis situations and teamwork, such as outdoor adventurers [2][4]. - Joseph Dituri, a unique candidate with a background in deep-sea exploration, exemplifies the type of individual who could bring different skills to the astronaut role, despite not fitting the traditional mold [3][4]. Group 2: Challenges of Mars Missions - Mars missions will require astronauts to endure a journey exceeding 200 days, necessitating exceptional psychological resilience and teamwork skills due to the prolonged isolation and potential stressors [2][4][5]. - NASA is already preparing for six-month missions and is considering the implications of longer space travel, indicating a shift in how astronaut capabilities are evaluated [4][5]. Group 3: Historical Context of Astronaut Selection - Historically, NASA has selected astronauts from military and aviation backgrounds, but the unique demands of Mars missions may require a reevaluation of this approach [4][5]. - The agency has previously considered unconventional candidates, such as balloonists and mountaineers, but ultimately opted for pilots due to concerns about finding suitable candidates from those fields [4].