宏观经济平衡
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张军:告别经济“温差”,要避免增长过于结构性
Di Yi Cai Jing Zi Xun· 2026-02-23 04:04
2026.02.23 以规划设定的目标为基础,如果我们要在2035年把按现价美元汇率计算的人均GDP从目前约14000美元 提高到25000美元以上,还要保持每年人均GDP约6%的名义增速。考虑到未来10年人口平均每年下降约 0.35%(按基准情形的预测),且假设人民币对美元汇率不变,GDP平均每年名义增长约5.6%即可实现 目标。 然而,2025年GDP实际增速为5%,名义增速仅3.9%,因为GDP通胀率为-1.1%。这就出现了实际GDP增 速较高与整个经济处于偏冷的紧缩状态并存的局面。等于说温度计上显示的数字跟人们的体感不一致, 形成了温差。 只有一种情况会导致这样的"温差"出现。那就是增长过于结构化,过于集中在少数相对独立的领域,而 这些领域的扩张虽然可以提高实际GDP增速,却无法生成宏观的平衡与稳定局面,极端情形甚至可以出 现所谓"没有发展的增长"现象。 这些年来,尽管中国经济实现了5%左右的实际GDP增长,但其增长来源越来越集中化结构化了。新能 源车、人工智能等极少数科技产业推动了实际GDP增长,但整个宏观经济反而变冷了。经济总需求和收 入流量收缩趋势未见缓解,物价下降,导致名义GDP增速和实际GD ...
科法斯维持对摩洛哥风险评估B级评级
Shang Wu Bu Wang Zhan· 2025-10-23 04:33
Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that Morocco maintains a "B" rating from Coface, indicating controllable risks and economic stability despite regional vulnerabilities [1] - The "B" rating reflects Morocco's ability to operate smoothly even amidst institutional or external vulnerabilities, highlighting its resilient production sector supported by targeted public policies in energy, industry, and infrastructure [1] - Morocco's economic balance remains robust in the context of international tensions and global economic turmoil, with a focus on industry diversification and a favorable business environment [1] Group 2 - Morocco's economic vulnerabilities include a high reliance on agriculture, which accounts for 11% of GDP and 30% of employment, as well as low resilience to natural risks such as drought [2] - The youth unemployment rate in Morocco is notably high at 35.8%, indicating significant labor market challenges [2] - To enhance economic resilience, Morocco needs to pursue structural reforms, improve human resources, reduce the informal economy, increase productivity, and expand access to non-European markets [2]
刘尚希:风险防范化解的经济学思考
Jing Ji Ri Bao· 2025-10-10 00:03
Group 1 - The global economy is filled with uncertainties and risks, necessitating effective risk prevention and resolution strategies [1][2] - Xi Jinping emphasizes the importance of a bottom-line thinking approach to address risks that could hinder the progress of national rejuvenation [1][2] - The article discusses the acceleration of global risks and the need for strategic and systematic thinking to identify and manage these risks [2][3] Group 2 - Economic risks are intertwined with social systems, and the relationship between economic cycles and risk cycles is crucial for understanding macroeconomic stability [3][4] - The accumulation of risks can lead to public risks, which require timely intervention to prevent widespread economic issues [4][5] - Government plays a critical role in managing public risks, aiming to minimize them to enhance macroeconomic certainty and market expectations [5][6] Group 3 - Effective management of public risks involves preventing individual risks from becoming systemic and addressing them before they escalate [6][7] - The government should enhance the completeness of contracts and legal frameworks to mitigate risks, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises [6][7] - Utilizing policy tools such as risk markets and government bonds is essential for managing and transferring risks within the economy [7][8] Group 4 - The relationship between risk clearance and stabilizing expectations is vital, as clearing risks can rejuvenate market vitality [8] - The article highlights the need for a balanced approach to risk prevention and resolution, ensuring that both domestic and external risks are effectively managed [8]
风险防范化解的经济学思考
Jing Ji Ri Bao· 2025-10-09 22:43
Group 1 - The global economy is filled with uncertainties and risks, necessitating effective risk prevention and resolution strategies [1][2] - The external environment is increasingly complex, with significant challenges and unpredictable factors on the rise [2][3] - Economic cycles and risk cycles are interconnected, where disruptions in spending and income can lead to macroeconomic imbalances [3][4] Group 2 - Public risks can escalate from individual risks, affecting multiple enterprises and leading to systemic challenges [4][5] - The government plays a crucial role in managing public risks, aiming to minimize them to enhance macroeconomic certainty [5][6] - Effective management of public risks involves preventing individual risks from becoming widespread and addressing existing public risks promptly [6][7] Group 3 - The government should utilize various policy tools to manage public risks, including creating risk markets and providing risk-free assets [7][8] - Risk management requires a comprehensive approach, considering both economic and social factors to avoid new risks arising from fragmented policies [8][9] - Balancing risk clearance and stabilizing expectations is essential for fostering economic vitality and addressing public risks effectively [8][9]