Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes that insufficient domestic demand is a major challenge facing the current economic operation, particularly highlighted by the low resident consumption rate [1] - Experts have analyzed that the low proportion of resident consumption in total demand is primarily due to the low share of resident income in national income, significant income disparity, and a large low-income population [1] - According to the latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2024, the per capita disposable income of the low-income group is 9,542 yuan, which is only 9.7% of the high-income group (98,809 yuan) and 28.1% of the middle-income group (33,925 yuan) [1] Group 2 - There is a significant regional disparity in per capita disposable income, with the eastern region showing much higher income levels compared to the central, western, and northeastern regions, with a difference exceeding 19,000 yuan between the east and west [6] - In 2024, only eight provinces have a per capita disposable income that meets the national average, including Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Tianjin, Guangdong, Fujian, and Shandong, with Shanghai and Beijing exceeding 85,000 yuan [6] - In contrast, provinces like Yunnan, Guizhou, and Gansu have per capita disposable incomes below 30,000 yuan, with Gansu's income being only about 30% of Shanghai's [6] Group 3 - Analyzing the sources of resident income, wage income is the primary source of disposable income, accounting for 56.5% of the national average in 2024, while the other three components (operating net income, property net income, and transfer net income) account for 16.7%, 8.3%, and 18.5% respectively [9] - In regions like Guangdong, Beijing, and Shanghai, the proportion of wage income is even higher, exceeding 60% [9] Group 4 - The significant impact of wage income on overall income levels is evident, with notable disparities among different groups [15] - In 2024, the national average per capita wage income is 23,327 yuan, aligning with the eight provinces that meet the average disposable income level [15] - Shanghai has the highest per capita wage income at 55,999 yuan, while Guizhou has the lowest at 14,632 yuan, making Shanghai's income 3.8 times that of Guizhou [15] Group 5 - This year, the central government has repeatedly emphasized "increasing income," with the Central Economic Work Conference including "formulating and implementing a plan for increasing urban and rural resident income" as a key task for the coming year [19] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" explicitly proposes to "increase the proportion of resident income in national income distribution and raise the share of labor remuneration in primary distribution" [19]

每经记者｜程晓玲 每经编辑｜刘艳美 《求是》杂志近日刊发国家发改委党组署名文章指出，内需不足是当前经济运行面临的主要挑战，突出表现为居民消费率偏低。 此前有专家分析，我国居民消费占总需求的比重低，主要是国民收入中居民收入占比低，居民收入差距大，低收入群体规模大、收入低。 根据国家统计局官网最新发布的《中国统计年鉴2025》，在全国居民按收入五等份分组的人均可支配收入中，2024年低收入组家庭为9542元，仅相当于高收 入组家庭（98809元）9.7%、中间收入组家庭（33925元）28.1%。 地域差距同样明显：东部地区人均可支配收入明显高于中部、西部和东北地区，其中东、西部地区相差超19000元。 具体到省份，2024年全国仅8个省份居民人均可支配收入达到全国平均线，分别为上海、北京、浙江、江苏、天津、广东、福建、山东。其中上海、北京超 过85000元，大幅领先其他省份。 而在另外23个省份中，云南、贵州、甘肃人均可支配收入不足30000元。相较之下，排名末位的甘肃人均可支配收入仅约为上海的30%。 进一步拆解居民收入来源，当前，在工资性收入、经营净收入、财产净收入、转移净收入四个组成部分中，工资性收入是我 ...

文/ 博鳌亚洲论坛秘书处主任助理 舒蕾 我国居民部门最终消费在GDP中占比较低，居民消费能力和消费意愿不 足 ， 是 消 费 疲 软 的 重 要 原 因 。 202 4 年 12 月 召 开 的 中 央 经 济 工 作 会 议 和 20 25年政府工作报告均将"大力提振消费、提高投资效益，全方位扩大国 内需求"列为20 25年首要任务。提振消费关键是要改善居民收入状况，丰 富收入来源，完善收入分配体制。 我国居民部门最终消费在GDP中占比较低，居民消费能力和消费意愿不足，是消费疲软的重要原因。最终消费只占居民可支配收入的65%左右，长期低于 国际水平，比德国低16个百分点，比美国低18个百分点。GDP中用于居民消费的比例较低，居民部门最终消费占GDP比重比国际平均水平低15个百分点左 右。2024年12月的中央经济工作会议和2025年政府工作报告均将"大力提振消费、提高投资效益，全方位扩大国内需求"列为2025年首要任务。提振消费关 键是要改善居民收入状况，丰富收入来源，完善收入分配体制。 住户部门调整后可支配总收入占比低于国际水平 GDP增长在多大程度上"涓滴"至居民部门是影响消费的重要因素。住户部门收入来 ...