【文/观察者网 陈思佳】"在定义现代世界的每一项技术中，中国都占据主导地位。"澳大利亚广播公司 （ABC）12月8日发表评论文章称，澳大利亚战略政策研究所近期发布的一项报告显示，在人工智能、 国防、航天、能源、生物技术等多个领域，中国都已达到世界先进水平，将世界其他地区甩在身后。 分析人士表示，中国在科技领域的进步速度是全球独一无二的，中国曾试图追赶西方，现在中国已经赶 上了，但西方未来可能无法再追上中国。 这份关键技术追踪报告显示，中国不断在高影响力研究领域取得进展，持续拉开与世界其他地区的差 距，美国正逐渐丧失技术优势。澳大利亚战略政策研究所表示，在报告追踪、评估的74项关键技术中， 中国在66项上领先，美国则在剩余8项技术上保持优势。 报告称，AI领域8项技术中，中国在7项上领先；先进材料和制造技术的13项技术，中国全部领先；国 防、航天、机器人和交通运输的7项技术，中国也都位居首位；能源与环境领域的10项技术，中国领跑 其中9项；生物技术、基因与疫苗领域的9项技术中，中国在5项技术上领先。 报告统计的中国、美国等在74项关键技术领域的论文发表量变化曲线 ABC指出，就在最近几个月里，中国刚刚展现了一系 ...

Core Insights - Dan Wang's perspective highlights the contrasting governance models of China and the United States, labeling China as an "engineering state" and the U.S. as a "lawyerly society" [5][6][21] - Wang's new book, "Breakneck: China's Quest to Engineer the Future," aims to clarify the significant changes occurring in China and has been recognized in the Financial Times' annual business book list [3][11] Governance Models - Wang argues that China's governance is characterized by practical and efficient problem-solving led by individuals with engineering backgrounds, while the U.S. is dominated by legal professionals who prioritize procedures over outcomes [5][6] - The difference in governance models has resulted in the U.S. struggling with infrastructure development, as exemplified by the comparison of train speeds between historical and current data [7][10] Industrial Capacity - By 2030, China is projected to account for 45% of global industrial capacity, while high-income economies, including the U.S., Europe, and Japan, will collectively hold only 38% [11] - Wang emphasizes that the inability of other countries to match China's industrial capacity is alarming and poses a significant challenge to global dynamics [13] Economic Development - Wang identifies 5% of China's economy, particularly in high-tech manufacturing, as exceptionally strong and a potential threat to Western interests, including sectors like electric vehicles and semiconductors [15] - The contrasting approaches to industrial policy between the U.S. and China are highlighted, with China consistently supporting strategic industries, while the U.S. has been more conservative until recent policy shifts [17][18] Technological Competition - Wang notes that U.S. sanctions against China have inadvertently accelerated China's push for technological self-sufficiency, particularly in semiconductors, as companies seek to reduce reliance on American technology [20] - The competitive landscape is further complicated by the shared traits of urgency and ambition among the populations of both countries, despite their perceived rivalry [21] Global Dynamics - Wang reflects on the slower pace of European and Japanese economies compared to the dynamic nature of U.S. and Chinese growth, suggesting that these regions may fall behind in the evolving global order [23]