原标题：二〇二五—— 锚定育人根本 书写时代答卷（深聚焦·年终特别报道） 2025年，是教育部党组确定的"实干年"。教育画卷，在时代浪潮中铺展。 立德树人事业汇聚更加广泛的力量与智慧，一堂堂生动的大思政课，开启一段段精彩的成长之旅，信仰 的源头活水滋养青春的心灵。 科技革命与产业变革奔涌而来，教育系统主动求变，学科交叉、产教融合成为常态。课堂与实验室、生 产一线的界限逐渐交叠，人工智能悄然重塑学习生态。 面对人口结构变化和共同富裕的呼唤，教育公平与质量成为焦点，城乡学校手拉手，优质资源直达薄弱 地区，课后服务更丰富，欢声笑语满校园。 这一年，希望的种子破土萌芽。展望"十五五"，教育扎根中国大地，必将拔节生长。 ——编者 一体推进教育科技人才发展—— 打通教育链创新链人才链 北京师范大学校长、中国科学院院士于吉红：今年，我参加了党的二十届四中全会。全会立足统筹教育 强国、科技强国、人才强国建设，对一体推进教育科技人才发展作出新的战略部署。我深切地感受到， 师范院校要承担高等教育"龙头"与基础教育"基点"的使命，在深化教育科技人才一体化改革、推动教育 高质量发展中发挥重要作用。 高校是教育、科技、人才的集中交汇点 ...

2025年，是教育部党组确定的"实干年"。教育画卷，在时代浪潮中铺展。 ——编者 立德树人事业汇聚更加广泛的力量与智慧，一堂堂生动的大思政课，开启一段段精彩的成长之旅，信仰 的源头活水滋养青春的心灵。 科技革命与产业变革奔涌而来，教育系统主动求变，学科交叉、产教融合成为常态。课堂与实验室、生 产一线的界限逐渐交叠，人工智能悄然重塑学习生态。 面对人口结构变化和共同富裕的呼唤，教育公平与质量成为焦点，城乡学校手拉手，优质资源直达薄弱 地区，课后服务更丰富，欢声笑语满校园。 一体推进教育科技人才发展—— 打通教育链创新链人才链 北京师范大学校长、中国科学院院士于吉红：今年，我参加了党的二十届四中全会。全会立足统筹教育 强国、科技强国、人才强国建设，对一体推进教育科技人才发展作出新的战略部署。我深切地感受到， 师范院校要承担高等教育"龙头"与基础教育"基点"的使命，在深化教育科技人才一体化改革、推动教育 高质量发展中发挥重要作用。 高校是教育、科技、人才的集中交汇点。今年6月，北师大成立未来技术学院，构建教研融合、产教协 同、科教融汇的创新生态体系，打通教育链、创新链、人才链；12月，筹建未来海洋学院，建立科、 教 ...

中国航空研究院研究生院党委书记王明峰直言，能够作为学位申请依据的学生实践成果，必须以专业领 域实际问题为导向，是源于企业痛点、解决企业难题的实质性成果，"所以我们认为，在以实践成果申 请学位机制过程中，企业要全程深入参与。" 教育部学位管理与研究生教育司司长吴刚表示，三年多来，在部门、地方、高校、企业的共同努力下， 卓越工程师培养改革取得积极进展，目前校企联合招收培养工程硕博士近2.6万人，其中2000多人已经 毕业走上工作岗位，首次实现了工程硕博士有组织、成建制、大规模的校企联合培养，探索了国家战略 人才自主培养的有效路径。 在评价改革方面，依据学位法，把解决工程实际问题作为学位评价的主要标准，聘请企业专家参与学位 论文答辩和学位评定，支持工程硕博士以产品设计、重大装备等实践成果申请学位。吴刚表示，"以实 践成果替代传统学位论文"这一制度性突破，成为人才培养打破传统学术评价标准、接轨产业实际需求 的重要标志和"破五唯"的重要探索。 "我相信，'星星之火可以燎原'，这一'小切口'改革能够成为撬动整个学科专业体系分类发展、分类评价 的'大杠杆'，进一步推动教育链、人才链、产业链、创新链的深度融合。"吴刚强调。 ...

教育部学位管理与研究生教育司司长吴刚介绍，目前，我国打破高校"学科化、院系制"的传统工科人才 培养模式，采用校企理事会负责制，已建设50家国家卓越工程师学院；在北京、上海、粤港澳大湾区建 设4家国家卓越工程师创新研究院；支持50家高校、企业、国家实验室联合成立中国卓越工程师培养联 合体，搭建产学研深度融合的新型人才培养平台。 为推动卓越工程师培养组织体系的机制化建设，教育部发布了《卓越工程师培养认证标准》，试点开展 卓越工程师学院认证工作，完善工程硕博士产教融合培养机制，引领带动更多单位自主建设卓越工程师 学院。《标准》明确，学院应建立符合卓越工程师培养定位的毕业和学位授予标准，改变"唯论文"倾 向，把重大工程设计、新产品或新装置研制等作为学生毕业和学位授予的重要依据等。教育部表示，争 取用5到10年，把国家卓越工程师学院打造成为卓越工程师培养的战略基地和高地。 本报讯（记者何蕊）我国卓越工程师培养改革启动三年多来，已建设50家国家卓越工程师学院，校企联 合招收培养近2.6万名工程硕博士，首次实现了工程硕博士有组织、成建制、大规模的校企联合培养。 今天上午，教育部举行新闻发布会，介绍了卓越工程师培养改革情况， ...

"没问题，您先登录上海市产教融合人才培养管理信息平台，可以看到我们发布的课题，有合适的 就联系我们。" "公司对专业有要求吗？电子信息工程可以吗？" 10月中旬，一场别开生面的对接会在上海大学体育馆举行。这似乎是一场校招，只不过"应聘"的不 是学生，而是高校导师，"面试"的也不仅有企业人事部门，还有技术专家——这是由上海市人才局、市 教委共同主办的产教融合工程硕博士培养改革2026年招生工作校企对接会。 党的二十届四中全会提出，要加强原始创新和关键核心技术攻关，推动科技创新和产业创新深度融 合，一体推进教育科技人才发展。去年10月，市人才局会同市教委、市经济信息化委、市国资委和市科 委等部门提出组建产教融合人才培养委员会、校企共建课程体系、校企导师互聘共培和引导学生留企就 业等16条改革举措，探索实践产教融合工程硕博士培养改革的"上海方案"，近期已完成"上海方案"首批 2025年招生工作。 记者 周程祎 "我们既是为了响应国家战略，也是出于内部驱动。"邓思文提到，人工智能产业对人才的需求处于 不断变化提升之中，企业认识到育人比选人更重要，因此希望提前介入，通过参与工程硕博士培养改革 来培育发展所需的人才。 上 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the shift in graduate education towards practical achievements rather than traditional thesis writing, reflecting industry needs for innovative and applicable skills [1][2] - The initiative is part of a broader reform launched in 2022 by multiple government departments to enhance engineering education, resulting in the establishment of 40 National Excellent Engineer Colleges and 4 National Excellent Engineer Innovation Research Institutes [1][3] - The first batch of over 2,100 master's students graduated under this pilot program, with 67 students, including Zhang Baichuan, applying for degrees based on practical achievements [1][3] Group 2 - Zhang Baichuan's research focused on developing an environmentally friendly high-temperature loss-reducing agent, addressing multiple technical challenges such as high-temperature resistance and compliance with national marine discharge standards [2] - The collaboration between academia and industry has led to the provision of over 5,100 research topics from enterprises, allowing students to work on real-world problems from the outset of their education [2] - The first batch of pilot engineering master's students achieved a high-quality employment rate, with 71% remaining in their field of study [3] Group 3 - Future plans include the formal release of the "Excellent Engineer Training Certification Standards" and the initiation of certification work for National Excellent Engineer Colleges, aiming to promote a sustainable model of industry-education integration [3] - The goal is to extend this model to all engineering master's and doctoral programs, with a target of having over half of these institutions establish their own Excellent Engineer Colleges by 2030 [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the innovative approach of using practical achievements instead of traditional theses for obtaining master's degrees in engineering, reflecting the industry's demand for application-oriented talent [1][2]. Group 1: Educational Reform - Since 2022, nine departments, including the Central Organization Department and the Ministry of Education, have initiated a pilot reform for engineering master's and doctoral training, establishing 40 National Excellent Engineer Colleges and 4 National Excellent Engineer Innovation Research Institutes [1]. - The first batch of over 2,100 pilot master's graduates included 67 who applied for degrees based on practical achievements, showcasing a shift towards application-based education [1]. Group 2: Industry Collaboration - The practical achievements of graduates stem from collaborative training between universities and enterprises, providing students with real-world research projects and a complete transformation chain from laboratory experiments to field applications [1][2]. - Companies have provided over 5,100 research topics from the industry frontlines, allowing students to address real needs and enhance their practical skills throughout their education [2]. Group 3: Employment Outcomes - The first batch of pilot engineering master's graduates achieved high-quality employment, with 71% remaining in their respective fields [3]. - Plans are in place to promote the establishment of more Excellent Engineer Colleges by 2030, aiming to enhance the integration of education and industry [3].

Core Viewpoint - The reform of master's and doctoral training initiated by nine departments, including the Central Organization Department and the Ministry of Education, aims to break the "thesis-only" barrier and promote practice-oriented education, aligning talent cultivation with industry needs [1][2]. Group 1: Reform Implementation - The first batch of over 2,100 master's graduates from the pilot program has seen 67 individuals apply for degrees based on practical achievements [1]. - Notable cases include a master's student from Shandong University who became the first in the province to earn a degree through practical results, and ten engineering master's students from Tianjin University who applied for degrees based on design projects [1]. Group 2: Significance of the Reform - The pilot program addresses the long-standing issue of an imbalance between theoretical knowledge and practical application in education, particularly in fields that are inherently practice-oriented [2]. - Institutional recognition of practical achievements is expected to motivate students to apply their knowledge to real-world problems, thereby fostering technological advancement [2]. Group 3: Challenges and Standards - The reform does not imply a relaxation of standards; rather, it raises expectations for students' hands-on skills, innovation capabilities, and problem-solving abilities [2]. - Challenges such as the disconnect between educational institutions and enterprises, the standardization of diverse practical achievements, and issues related to individual contributions and intellectual property rights need to be addressed for the reform to be effective [2].

Group 1 - Wang Qian, a master's student from Shandong University, became the first student to obtain a master's degree based on practical achievements instead of a thesis [1] - Wang's practical work involved developing a bonding process for aspheric resin optical lenses used in VR glasses during her internship at GoerTek, which is expected to reduce unit costs by over 30% and significantly increase production capacity [1] - The achievement reflects a breakthrough in the evaluation reform of engineering master's and doctoral degrees in China, emphasizing practical results alongside traditional thesis defenses [1] Group 2 - Shandong University has been implementing a reform in the training of engineering master's and doctoral students, adopting a "work-study alternation" model since being selected as a pilot for the reform in 2022 [2] - The university's approach includes collaboration with industry mentors, allowing students to focus on real-world problems and needs, as demonstrated by Wang's project on lens precision bonding technology [2] - The institution has established a new evaluation system for graduate achievements based on engineering contributions, moving away from the sole reliance on thesis submissions for degree conferral [2]

Core Points - The article discusses the innovative approach taken by East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) to allow master's students to use practical achievements in industry as a basis for their degree, starting from 2025 [2][3] - The new regulations aim to bridge the gap between academic research and real-world engineering challenges, encouraging students to focus on practical solutions [3][4] Group 1: Educational Reform - Starting from January 1, 2025, the new Degree Law of the People's Republic of China will provide a legal foundation for applying practical achievements in degree conferral [3] - ECUST has established specific guidelines allowing engineering master's students to submit practical results such as research reports, case studies, and product designs instead of traditional thesis papers [3][4] - The initiative aims to enhance the relevance of academic training to industry needs, with a focus on engineering problems and cutting-edge technology [3][5] Group 2: Industry Collaboration - The program emphasizes collaboration between students and industry experts, with two-thirds of the thesis defense committee comprising professionals from the industry [2][4] - ECUST has customized 49 training programs for the 2025 cohort, ensuring that students engage with real industrial challenges while studying [4][5] - The integration of industry mentors in the curriculum is designed to provide students with practical insights and enhance their employability [5][6] Group 3: Practical Outcomes - The practical achievement submitted by a student, Yan Shanyi, is expected to help reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by over 4,200 tons annually once implemented [3][4] - The collaboration between academic and industry mentors ensures that the practical projects meet both academic standards and industry requirements [4][5] - The program includes a "course-internship-employment" certification mechanism, allowing high-performing students to bypass technical interviews in companies [5][6]