以下文章来源于果壳 ，作者代天医 果壳 . 科学和技术，是我们和这个世界对话所用的语言。 本文来自微信公众号： 果壳 ，作者：代天医，编辑：odette，题图来自：AI生成 相比于90后和00后的小时候，现在的中国孩子运动兴趣班和装备选择更多了，饮食条件更好了， 身 高和体重也在增长，但是肌肉变得更弱了。 如果以立定跳远代表肌肉健康，那么中国儿童青少年的肌肉健康水平20年间持续降低，近10年更为 严重。 ｜ 参考文献[1] 快速导览 这一代中国孩子，肌肉变弱了 中国从1985年开始每5年一次的全国学生体质健康调研， 其中的立定跳远项目可以评估下肢肌肉的爆 发力，被认为是最简便有效的肌肉健康测试之一。 到2000年时，立定跳远成绩较1985年明显提高。 然而，今年发布的一项研究显示，2000年到2010年期间，7～22岁各年龄段男生和女生的立定跳远距 离均降低，并在2010年到2019年期间加速下降。 而且， 成绩下滑最严重的年龄段为18～22岁，这本应是肌肉变强的高峰期。 2010～2019年间，22 岁男生的立定跳远中位数从234.3厘米下降到219.4厘米，女生也从172.8厘米降至162.5厘米。 在其 ...

Core Viewpoint - The muscle health of Chinese children has been declining over the past two decades, with a significant acceleration in the last ten years, despite improvements in nutrition and physical activity options available to them [2][10]. Group 1: Decline in Muscle Health - The muscle health of Chinese children, as measured by standing long jump performance, has shown a continuous decline over the past 20 years, particularly worsening in the last decade [2][6]. - The most affected age group is 18-22 years, which is typically a peak period for muscle strength development. For instance, the median standing long jump distance for 22-year-old boys decreased from 234.3 cm to 219.4 cm from 2010 to 2019, while for girls it dropped from 172.8 cm to 162.5 cm [8][10]. Group 2: Consequences of Weak Muscle Health - Children with weak muscles are likely to grow into adults with poor muscle strength, leading to a higher risk of chronic diseases and reduced independence in old age [3][10]. - The decline in muscle health, combined with weight gain, poses a risk for the health and development of Chinese children and adolescents, potentially leading to a chronic disease crisis in the future [10]. Group 3: Importance of Resistance Training - Insufficient resistance training is a key factor contributing to the decline in muscle health among Chinese students. Less than 40% of students meet the World Health Organization's recommendations for muscle-strengthening activities [15][21]. - Engaging in resistance training can significantly improve muscle health, with evidence suggesting that it can reduce injury rates, prevent obesity, and enhance overall physical fitness [21][24]. Group 4: Recommendations for Resistance Training - The recommended approach for children aged 6-17 is to engage in resistance activities at least three days a week, with each session lasting 30 minutes [34][36]. - Activities should include a variety of movements targeting different muscle groups, such as lower body exercises (e.g., squats), upper body pushing (e.g., push-ups), upper body pulling (e.g., pull-ups), and core stability exercises [36][34]. Group 5: Safety and Effectiveness of Resistance Training - Recent research supports the safety and effectiveness of resistance training for children and adolescents, dispelling previous concerns about potential harm to growth plates [38][43]. - It is crucial to prioritize children's interest in sports and ensure they perform exercises correctly without excessive competition or weight [39][40].