近日，中国上市公司百强论坛、华东理工大学民营经济研究院和华顿经济研究院在上海联合发 布"华顿版2025年世界500强企业排行榜"。该榜单以企业利润额作为排序依据，区别于《财富》杂志以 营业收入为基准的排名方式，旨在为观察全球经济格局提供另一重要视角。 榜单显示，全球500强企业利润总额约4.02万亿美元，较上年增长约5%；利润中位数由44.70亿美元 提升至45.78亿美元，增长2.4%。上榜门槛（最低利润额）从21.67亿美元增长至23.14亿美元，同比增长 6.8%。所有上榜企业的营业收入总额约为33.41万亿美元，同比增长约4%。 整体来看，2025年世界500强榜单呈现出"美国主导、中国紧随、欧日分流、新兴势力崛起"的核心 格局。行业分布集中于科技、金融、能源三大板块，传统行业面临转型调整压力，反映出全球产业链重 构、能源转型与数字经济竞争的趋势。此外，头部企业集中效应显著——前100强贡献了57%的利润， 前10强利润占比达20%，呈现出"头部虹吸、尾部承压"的结构性特征。 从区域格局看，美国共有191家企业上榜，数量居首，较去年增加9家。其上榜企业年创造利润总额 约1.77万亿美元，占500强利润 ...

Core Viewpoint - The newly revised Anti-Unfair Competition Law, effective from October 15, aims to address prominent issues in market competition and enhance the legal framework for fair competition in China's socialist market economy [1][2]. Group 1: Legislative Changes - The number of articles in the Anti-Unfair Competition Law has increased from 33 to 41, reflecting a comprehensive update to address new market dynamics and protect consumer rights [1]. - The law now includes specific provisions to combat various forms of unfair competition, such as "involution" competition, data rights infringement, and malicious trading practices [1][2]. Group 2: Digital Economy and Data Protection - The revised law enhances regulations on unfair competition in the digital economy, particularly concerning the use of data, algorithms, and platform rules [2]. - It explicitly prohibits operators from using deceptive methods to acquire or utilize data held by other businesses, thereby protecting legitimate business interests and maintaining market order [2][3]. Group 3: Addressing "Involution" Competition - The law establishes a framework for addressing "involution" competition by mandating the creation of a fair competition review system and reinforcing the responsibilities of platform operators [4][5]. - It emphasizes that platforms should not force or indirectly compel businesses to sell below cost, which disrupts market competition [5]. Group 4: Implementation and Future Considerations - The implementation of the revised law requires the development of supporting regulations, including clarifying definitions of "large enterprises" and "small and medium enterprises," and establishing specific guidelines for addressing mixed behavior and online unfair competition [5].