江田岛、吴港、广岛，这三个地方构成了理解近现代日本的完美圈子。 江田岛位置 明治维新的核心是全盘西化，军国主义是明治维新后主导日本的政治思潮，其影响超过军事，但主要还 是体现在军事。对于中国人来说，日本陆军是军国主义的主体。但对于日本和欧美来说，日本海军或许 才是主体。陆军在日本的军国主义政治中很有影响，陆海军不和也由来已久，海军学校就是受到陆军排 挤才从东京最终搬到江田岛的。但陆军代表的是传统和保守，海军才代表进取和西化，所以海军对日本 从崛起到衰落有决定性的影响。 军国主义在日本有深厚的历史渊源，武士在幕府时代就主导日本。明治维新在国内成功将分散的武士时 代整合为天皇统治下的皇国体制，而在国际舞台上，则以"脱亚入欧"为主题。美国人佩里从海上轰开日 本的大门，英国人通过强大的舰队打造日不落帝国，德国也通过海军竞赛与英国争夺霸权。作为岛国， 日本有样学样，重点放在海军建设上，江田岛正是日本海军的孕育地和精神家园。 江田岛海军学校（日文中称为海军兵学校）是日本最重要的海军军校，创办于1870年（明治3年），地 位堪比英国达特茅斯海军学院和美国安纳波利斯海军学院。在这里，旧日本海军成形，并走向世界舞 台。二战结束 ...

Core Viewpoint - Japan's defense budget for fiscal year 2026 is set to reach a record high of 8.85 trillion yen, indicating a significant military expansion that raises concerns about a resurgence of militarism in Japan [1] Group 1: Defense Budget and Military Expansion - The Japanese Ministry of Defense has announced a budget draft that will result in a defense budget of 8.85 trillion yen for fiscal year 2026, marking a historical peak [1] - Japan plans to deploy improved Type 12 land-based anti-ship missiles in Kyushu, which will have a range covering the coastal areas of China [1] Group 2: International Concerns and Historical Context - The spokesperson for the Ministry of National Defense expressed that Japan's accelerated military expansion and development of offensive weaponry exceed the requirements of its "defensive-only" policy, raising alarms among peace-loving nations [1] - The statement highlighted the historical context of Japan's militarism, referencing the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the global anti-fascist war, emphasizing the need for Japan to reflect on its invasion history and respect the security concerns of Asian neighbors [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights Japan's military expansion, with the defense budget for FY2026 reaching a record high of 8.85 trillion yen, raising concerns about the resurgence of militarism in Japan [2] - The article emphasizes the deployment of improved Type 12 land-based anti-ship missiles in Kyushu, which can reach coastal areas of China, indicating a shift towards offensive military capabilities [2] - The spokesperson from the Ministry of National Defense expresses strong opposition to the revival of Japanese militarism, urging Japan to reflect on its historical invasions and respect the security concerns of neighboring Asian countries [2]

Core Viewpoint - Japan is accelerating its military expansion, developing military capabilities that exceed the requirements of its "self-defense" policy, raising concerns among peace-loving nations about Japan's intentions [1] Summary by Sections Military Budget - Japan's defense budget for the fiscal year 2026 is projected to reach 8.85 trillion yen, marking a historical high [1] Military Equipment Development - Japan plans to deploy an improved version of the Type 12 land-based anti-ship missile in Kyushu, with a range that covers coastal areas of China [1] Historical Context and Regional Concerns - The spokesperson emphasized the historical context of Japan's militarism, recalling the suffering caused by Japanese militarism during the invasion 80 years ago, and stated that regional countries are increasingly determined to safeguard peace [1] - There is a call for Japan to deeply reflect on its history of invasion and to respect the security concerns of neighboring Asian countries and the international community [1]

Core Viewpoint - Japan's defense budget for the fiscal year 2026 is set to reach a record high of 8.85 trillion yen, indicating a significant increase in military spending and capabilities [1] Group 1: Defense Budget - The Japanese Ministry of Defense has announced a budget draft for the fiscal year 2026, amounting to 8.85 trillion yen, which is the highest in history [1] - This budget reflects Japan's acceleration in military expansion, moving beyond the "self-defense" requirements [1] Group 2: Military Developments - Japan plans to deploy improved Type 12 land-based anti-ship missiles in Kyushu, which will have a range covering coastal areas of China [1] - The development of offensive weaponry by Japan raises concerns among global peace-loving nations regarding Japan's intentions [1] Group 3: Historical Context and Reactions - The spokesperson for the Ministry of National Defense emphasized the need for Japan to reflect on its history of militarism and aggression, particularly in light of the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War and World Anti-Fascist War [1] - There is a strong call for Japan to respect the security concerns of neighboring Asian countries and the international community, urging caution in military security matters to avoid repeating historical mistakes [1]

Group 1 - The Russian Historical Society has released nearly 200 declassified documents regarding Japanese militarism, sourced from the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service archives [1] - The head of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service, Naryshkin, announced that over 180 declassified documents, including intelligence materials, will be published on the Russian Historical Society's website [1] - Naryshkin emphasized the importance of utilizing new historical materials to maintain research momentum on World War II history [3] Group 2 - Recent declassified documents from the Russian Federal Security Service revealed that the Japanese Unit 731 conducted human experiments and used bacteriological warfare against Chinese civilians [3] - The Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson stated that the released documents provide undeniable evidence of Japan's militaristic actions during World War II [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson emphasized the historical atrocities committed by the Japanese military during World War II, particularly the use of biological warfare and inhumane human experiments, as revealed by recently declassified Russian documents [1] Summary by Relevant Sections - **Historical Atrocities**: The spokesperson highlighted that the Japanese military openly violated international law during World War II by conducting biological warfare against the Chinese people, committing heinous human experiments, and perpetrating crimes against humanity [1] - **Call for Reflection**: The statement urged Japan to deeply reflect on its history of aggression, respect the feelings of the victims from China and other affected countries, and take concrete actions to sever ties with militarism to avoid repeating past mistakes [1] - **Significance of Historical Awareness**: The spokesperson noted that acknowledging history is essential for gaining respect, learning from the past is crucial for paving the future, and remembering past events is vital to prevent falling into the same pitfalls again [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical invasion of Hainan Island by Japanese forces during World War II, highlighting the strategic importance of the island and the atrocities committed by the invaders [17][21][24]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Japanese military had long-standing ambitions for Hainan Island, with plans dating back to at least 1939 when they first invaded [18][20]. - The invasion was marked by significant military operations, including the landing at Tianwei Port and subsequent attacks on key locations such as Haikou and Fucheng [21][23]. Group 2: Key Events of the Invasion - On February 10, 1939, Japanese forces landed in northern Hainan, quickly advancing to capture Haikou and Fucheng, despite resistance from local Chinese troops [21][22]. - The Japanese military employed a strategy of "encirclement" and "sweeping" operations to consolidate control over the island, capturing various towns and regions over the following months [24][25]. Group 3: Impact on Local Population - The invasion led to widespread atrocities against the local population, with many civilians killed or subjected to violence as the Japanese sought to suppress resistance [26]. - Despite the harsh conditions and threats from the occupying forces, the local population, including organized resistance groups, continued to fight against the Japanese occupation [26].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of remembering the history of the Second Sino-Japanese War and the sacrifices made by the Chinese people, highlighting the need for historical awareness to prevent the repetition of past atrocities [1][2][5]. Summary by Sections Historical Context - The article recalls the announcement of Japan's unconditional surrender on August 15, 1945, marking a significant moment for the Chinese people [2][3]. - It outlines the 14 years of struggle during the war, resulting in over 35 million casualties, the occupation of over 930 cities, and 42 million refugees [5]. Atrocities and Denial - The article discusses the brutal realities faced by the Chinese population during the war, including the denial and distortion of historical facts by some Japanese individuals and groups [5][30]. - It highlights the existence of propaganda films produced by the Japanese military to misrepresent their actions during the war [8][11][13]. War Crimes Documentation - The article presents evidence of war crimes, including the establishment of "comfort stations" for sexual slavery, with over 200,000 Chinese women affected [15][17]. - It details the inhumane experiments conducted by the Japanese military, particularly the activities of Unit 731, which involved biological warfare and human experimentation [20][24]. Nanjing Massacre - The article recounts the Nanjing Massacre, where approximately 300,000 Chinese were killed within six weeks following the Japanese invasion of Nanjing [28]. - It notes the ongoing denial of this event by certain Japanese factions, contrasting it with the global acknowledgment of the massacre [30]. Call to Remember - The article concludes with a call to remember the past not to perpetuate hatred but to ensure that such history is not forgotten, emphasizing the importance of historical truth for future generations [32].

Group 1 - The rise of oral medicine and the "dental revolution" has laid the material and physical foundation for the "smile revolution" through various restoration techniques and the invention of exquisite ceramic dentures [1][4] - The concept of smiling as a social norm is a modern invention, significantly influenced by advancements in science and medicine, particularly in the 18th century [3][4] - Prior to the late 18th century in France, smiling was not socially accepted among the upper class, and the lack of dental care led to a societal norm of not displaying teeth when smiling [4]