Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China, in collaboration with the National Financial Regulatory Administration and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, has issued a notice outlining 15 specific measures to enhance financial support for the high-quality development of the forestry sector, addressing the long production cycles and significant investment requirements in forestry [2]. Group 1: Financial Support Measures - The notice proposes to deepen the reform of collective forest rights and improve financial services [3]. - It encourages the expansion of the range of mortgaged forest rights to include young timber, bamboo forests, fruit trees, and other types of forestry [4]. - Financial institutions are urged to increase loan disbursements related to national reserve forests and explore diversified investment mechanisms [9]. Group 2: Financial Products and Services - The notice emphasizes the need for tailored financial products for various forestry management entities, such as family forest farms and cooperatives [10]. - It promotes the integration of production, supply, and sales in the forestry sector, providing differentiated financial services to meet the needs of the forestry industry [11]. - The development of a financial support system for ecological product value realization is highlighted, including methods for assessing the mortgage value of ecological products [12]. Group 3: Policy and Risk Management - The notice calls for the optimization of the policy support system and the establishment of a comprehensive risk management mechanism for forest rights mortgage loans [15][16]. - It encourages the use of monetary policy tools to support financing for forestry enterprises and the issuance of green bonds [15]. - The establishment of a credit promotion system involving financial institutions, guarantee agencies, and government departments is recommended to enhance the overall credit system [16].

Core Viewpoint - The evolution of forestry finance in Fujian has undergone significant transformation, driven by innovative models such as forest rights mortgage loans and various financial products, aimed at addressing funding challenges in the forestry sector while promoting both ecological and economic benefits [1][2][3]. Group 1: Development Stages and Achievements - Fujian's forestry finance has progressed through four stages: exploration, breaking the ice, upgrading, and re-launching, guided by the principle of "opening the bank door and revitalizing the mountains" [2]. - The introduction of policies at the national level has established forest rights as valid collateral, enhancing the framework for forestry finance [2][3]. - As of the second quarter of 2025, the total forestry-related loan balance in Fujian reached 166.23 billion, a year-on-year increase of 14.87%, benefiting 444,000 forestry operators [3]. Group 2: Innovations in Forestry Finance - The forest rights mortgage loan model separates the use rights of forest land from collective ownership, creating various guarantee rights, although market circulation remains constrained by inadequate external mechanisms [4]. - The introduction of Linpiao 1.0 and Linpiao 2.0 models has addressed issues related to the small-scale structure of collective forest rights and the complexity of forest management, with Linpiao 2.0 offering standardized processes and improved liquidity [4][5]. - The integration of carbon credit finance and digital financial technologies has expanded the asset base for forestry loans, with innovative projects like "One Yuan Carbon Credit" and blockchain platforms enhancing financing options for forestry operators [6][7]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations and Systematic Thinking - Recommendations for further development include deepening forest rights reform, improving evaluation systems, and establishing a comprehensive risk management mechanism for forest rights mortgage loans [5]. - The experience from Fujian emphasizes the importance of a people-centered approach, combining top-level design with grassroots innovation, and fostering cross-departmental collaboration to address challenges in forestry finance [8]. - The iterative innovation process in Fujian's forestry finance reflects a "contradiction-driven reform," balancing long-term investment returns with short-term financing needs, and addressing the inherent risks associated with forestry [8].