Group 1 - The core issue in Indonesia's fiscal policy is the tension between international investors focused on financial stability and ordinary citizens concerned about living costs, particularly fuel prices and food subsidies [1][5] - The recent change in the finance minister reflects Indonesia's difficult choice between maintaining fiscal discipline and prioritizing social welfare [1][5] - Sri Mulyani, the former finance minister, was known for her strict adherence to fiscal rules, which helped stabilize the economy during crises but also led to public dissatisfaction due to perceived neglect of everyday concerns [3][4][6] Group 2 - Mulyani's policies, while praised internationally for maintaining a low debt-to-GDP ratio and fiscal discipline, resulted in increased living costs for the average citizen, leading to public discontent [4][7] - The structural economic contradictions in Indonesia highlight the challenge of balancing foreign investment confidence with domestic welfare needs, as millions still live on the edge of poverty [5][8] - The new finance minister, Sri Mulyani's successor, aims to reconstruct the balance between fiscal discipline and social welfare, indicating a potential shift in Indonesia's fiscal policy approach [5][6]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the long-term urban development strategy of Xiamen, initiated by Xi Jinping in the 1980s, emphasizing a people-centered approach and prioritizing public welfare in urban planning and environmental protection [1][3]. Group 1: Urban Development and Cultural Preservation - Xi Jinping's leadership in formulating the "Xiamen Development Strategy" included a focus on the cultural and social value of Gulangyu Island, advocating for a unified planning approach to protect its historical significance [2][3]. - The successful inclusion of Gulangyu Island as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2017 was supported by the identification and preservation of over 50 historical buildings, including the iconic Baigulou [2]. Group 2: Environmental Management - The "Xiamen Development Strategy" pioneered the integration of ecological considerations into urban planning, addressing environmental issues as a priority rather than a trade-off for economic development [3]. - A comprehensive plan for the restoration of Yundang Lake was initiated, with a budget of 10 million yuan allocated annually for two years, leading to significant ecological improvements through a multi-faceted governance approach [3]. Group 3: Social Welfare and Public Spending - Xiamen has maintained a high level of public spending on social welfare, with over 70% of public finances dedicated to improving citizens' livelihoods, including healthcare and housing security [4]. - The successful implementation of the "Xiamen Development Strategy" serves as a model for future economic and social planning, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing the well-being of the people [4].