【文/远瞳】 一、雅加达的分歧：市场与民生的撕裂 在印尼，财政政策的走向始终牵动着两类群体的神经：一端是紧盯汇率与股指的国际投资者、金融从业 者，另一端是关心燃油价格、粮食补贴的普通民众。这种分歧在本次财政部长人事变动中被推向极致 ——当"财政纪律"的践行者到"民生优先"的推动者的权力交接，本质上是印尼在"稳定"与"公平"之间做 出的艰难抉择。 正因如此，财政部长的人事调整，不仅仅是技术性的岗位更替，而是在打破一个脆弱平衡。穆利亚尼 的"守纪律"模式，让国际资本放心，却让不少基层觉得"活不下去"；新任财政部长普尔巴亚的"铁腕治 税"与"民生优先"，则是在尝试重构这一平衡。 某种意义上，这已不仅是印尼财政政策的选择，而是一场关乎国运的试验：印尼能否在不完全依赖西方 主导的财政规则下，探索出一条既能稳住大盘、又能让老百姓真正受益的自主发展之路？ 二、穆利亚尼的遗产：铁腕纪律与未解的民生困局 斯里·穆利亚尼在卸下财政部长职务，并与财政部的国家公务员告别后落下眼泪。视频截图 雅加达证券交易所的交易员们，对"财政铁娘子"穆利亚尼的名字并不陌生。在他们眼中，这个曾任职世 界银行的女性，是印尼经济的"定海神针"。2008年 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the long-term urban development strategy of Xiamen, initiated by Xi Jinping in the 1980s, emphasizing a people-centered approach and prioritizing public welfare in urban planning and environmental protection [1][3]. Group 1: Urban Development and Cultural Preservation - Xi Jinping's leadership in formulating the "Xiamen Development Strategy" included a focus on the cultural and social value of Gulangyu Island, advocating for a unified planning approach to protect its historical significance [2][3]. - The successful inclusion of Gulangyu Island as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2017 was supported by the identification and preservation of over 50 historical buildings, including the iconic Baigulou [2]. Group 2: Environmental Management - The "Xiamen Development Strategy" pioneered the integration of ecological considerations into urban planning, addressing environmental issues as a priority rather than a trade-off for economic development [3]. - A comprehensive plan for the restoration of Yundang Lake was initiated, with a budget of 10 million yuan allocated annually for two years, leading to significant ecological improvements through a multi-faceted governance approach [3]. Group 3: Social Welfare and Public Spending - Xiamen has maintained a high level of public spending on social welfare, with over 70% of public finances dedicated to improving citizens' livelihoods, including healthcare and housing security [4]. - The successful implementation of the "Xiamen Development Strategy" serves as a model for future economic and social planning, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing the well-being of the people [4].