登录新浪财经APP 搜索【信披】查看更多考评等级 自2015年《巴黎协定》达成以来，全球应对气候变化的行动取得了较大进展，但在控制碳排放方面还存 在不小的差距，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)正在开展的第七次评估报告显示，控制温室气 体排放的实际成效与实现《巴黎协定》的1.5℃控温目标相去甚远(IPCC，2025)。全球临界点组织发布 的《2025全球临界点报告》指出，人类活动产生的温室气体排放若得不到有效控制，将导致气候变化突 破临界点，带来一系列连锁反应，包括：温带珊瑚礁白化，南极和北极冰盖融化，海平面上升；亚马逊 森林大面积萎缩，生物多样性丧失和生态系统退化；大西洋洋流改变(Global Tipping Points，2025)。 在全球气候治理的关键节点，习近平总书记在2025年召开的联合国气候变化峰会上的致辞重申了中国减 排承诺，中共中央"十五五"规划建议也明确提出以"双碳"目标牵引美丽中国建设，而欧盟拟于2026年实 施的碳边境调节机制(CBAM)等绿色贸易新规，将导致全球贸易竞争格局发生嬗变，促使以价格和质量 为主的二维竞争格局向价格、质量和绿色并重的三维格局转变。在此背景下，财政部等 ...

Core Viewpoint - China is accelerating the establishment of a climate governance system, with the release of the "Climate Disclosure Guidelines" ahead of the original 2027 timeline, indicating a high priority for climate disclosure in the national sustainable disclosure framework [1][2][3]. Group 1: Climate Disclosure Guidelines - The Climate Guidelines consist of six chapters and 47 articles, focusing on climate-related issues and detailing disclosure requirements for companies regarding climate risks, opportunities, and impacts [1]. - The guidelines emphasize the need for companies to disclose Scope 3 emissions, particularly for financial institutions, which face strict disclosure norms [1][5]. - The drafting of the guidelines follows four principles: based on the Basic Guidelines, aligning with international standards, separating guideline formulation and implementation, and considering industry application needs [1][2]. Group 2: Implementation and Progress - The rapid progression from the Basic Guidelines to the Climate Guidelines, occurring within six months, highlights the urgency and importance of climate disclosure in the sustainable disclosure system [2]. - The guidelines are designed to be modular, with the Basic Guidelines serving as a foundational module and the Climate Guidelines as a specific module that integrates seamlessly [2]. - The guidelines aim to enhance the capacity of Chinese enterprises and financial institutions to conduct comprehensive carbon accounting and achieve "dual carbon" goals, thereby increasing China's influence in global sustainable development governance [3]. Group 3: International Alignment - The Climate Guidelines are aligned with the International Financial Reporting Standards S2 on climate-related disclosures, ensuring consistency with international practices while adapting to the realities of Chinese enterprises [4][8]. - The guidelines will incorporate international adjustments over time while retaining unique Chinese disclosure requirements, such as the impact of carbon quota trading [9]. Group 4: Challenges and Recommendations - Financial institutions face challenges in disclosing Scope 3 emissions due to insufficient data from investee companies and a lack of systematic data collection mechanisms [6][10]. - The guidelines require financial institutions to disclose financing emissions, which are challenging to measure, particularly for the 15th category of Scope 3 emissions [7]. - Companies are advised to enhance their data governance systems, utilize AI and big data for intelligent accounting, and progressively implement and optimize their disclosure processes [10].

Group 1 - The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China released the "Corporate Sustainability Disclosure Standards No. 1 - Climate (Trial) (Draft for Comments)" on April 30, 2023, which consists of six chapters and 47 articles covering governance, strategy, risk and opportunity management, indicators and targets, and appendices [1][2] - The governance chapter outlines disclosure objectives related to governance structures, management information, and third-party verification requirements [1] - The indicators and targets chapter specifies general and industry-specific climate-related indicators, climate-related goals, and the basis for greenhouse gas emissions accounting [1] Group 2 - The implementation of the climate standards will initially be voluntary for companies, considering their actual disclosure capabilities, before formal requirements are established [2] - Guidelines for nine specific industries, including electricity, steel, coal, oil, fertilizer, aluminum, hydrogen, cement, and automotive, are being developed to provide guidance for the application of the basic and climate standards [2] - The overall goal is to establish a unified sustainability disclosure standard system in China by 2030, with basic and climate standards expected to be released by 2027 [1][2]