在佛爷顶的第五个春节 （来源：千龙网） 新春佳节，阖家团圆庆丙午马年，延庆区佛爷顶国家气象观测站里，36岁的气象观测员吴蕾依旧一个人 坚守在海拔1224.7米的高山岗位。这座北京有人值守的海拔最高国家级气象观测站，是守护京城的气 象"前哨"，吴蕾已扎根于此九载，一人扛起高山气象观测重任，用精准的数据与执着的坚守，为新春气 象保障筑牢第一道防线。 今年春节，他从腊月二十七值守至大年初八，这也是他在佛爷顶度过的第五个春节。除夕当天，他的工 作节奏也丝毫未缓，寒风把他的脸吹出"高原红"、手冻得发麻，却依旧仔细核查完所有数据，才结束常 规工作。谈及节日值守，吴蕾语气坚定："春节天气变化快，值守的弦得时刻绷紧，哪怕是除夕，该做 的检查、该核的数据，一样都不能少。" 在高山气象站的第九年 从广告设计专业的气象门外汉，到独当一面的高山观测能手，九载的坚守，磨去了吴蕾往日的毛躁，沉 淀出沉稳务实的性子。山上的松鼠、鸟儿是他孤寂时的陪伴，绝美的云海、日出是他独有的收获，而老 同事的坚守故事和家人的鼓励，更是他一路走下来的精神支撑。他抬手望向窗外的观测场，语气里满是 感慨；"刚来的时候我也觉得难，又孤单，业务也不熟，可一想到老同 ...

"自古华山一条路"。华山气象站就建在海拔2064.9米的西峰之巅，是陕西省唯一全天候有人值守的高山 站。 今年，是华山气象站站长于进江与华山相伴相守的第三十三个年头。早晨7时30分，华山西峰，零下2摄 氏度。于进江走出宿舍，喊上气象站业务员谭怡颖，早饭前先去峰顶的气象观测场检查仪器，确定是否 要进行除冰等作业。观测场建在一块巨石上，一侧是壁立千仞的悬崖，风特别大，刮在脸上刺骨地疼。 "不管是刮风、下雨、下雪，我们每天都去维护，确保设备正常运行、数据正常传输。"于进江说。 华山在秦岭山脉东部，处于我国南北气候分界线上。华山气象站是国家基准气候站，观测、收集、订正 气温、风速、风向、湿度等13个气象要素，每小时上传一次，纳入国家级观测数据中心，并参与亚洲区 域数据交换。"从1952年建站到现在，气象数据记录始终是连续的。"于进江很自豪。 "下午到傍晚很可能会变大，要持续关注。"于进江说。 随着气象科技的进步，气象观测已实现自动化，自动观测站山上4个、山下7个。这些天，工作人员也提 高了巡检频次。 一个自动观测站在气象站对面的华山南峰顶，看着近在眼前，爬上去却花了半个小时。观测站建在房 顶，得架起七八米长的钢梯，梯 ...

Core Viewpoint - The National Oceanic Environment Forecast Center has successfully completed China's 41st Antarctic expedition, focusing on the wintering support tasks at the Qinling and Zhongshan stations, enhancing meteorological observation capabilities and providing reliable data support for polar scientific research [5][6]. Group 1: Expedition Achievements - The expedition team member Ma Jingkai participated in the first wintering expedition at the Qinling Station from November 14, 2024, to January 2, 2026, lasting 414 days, during which over 400 meteorological forecasts were provided, including timely warnings for severe weather [5]. - The team established a "cross" meteorological observation network at the Qinling Station, significantly improving comprehensive meteorological monitoring capabilities [5]. - Wang Juncheng conducted a one-year wintering task at the Zhongshan Station, focusing on high-impact weather measurement projects and expanding the polar meteorological observation network [6]. Group 2: Data Support and Research Contributions - The expedition provided continuous and stable data through operational observations and demonstrated adaptability in scientific tasks, contributing to the establishment of observation networks and operational processes at both stations [6]. - The team has enhanced the atmospheric and sea ice environment observation network in Antarctica, solidifying the forecasting capabilities for polar scientific research [6]. - The National Oceanic Environment Forecast Center plans to further improve the polar environmental observation network to support China's polar scientific research endeavors [6].

Core Viewpoint - The successful launch of the Fengyun-4C satellite marks a significant advancement in China's meteorological capabilities, enhancing weather forecasting and disaster prevention efforts through high-precision data support [3][9]. Group 1: Satellite Launch and Purpose - The Fengyun-4C satellite was successfully launched on December 27, 2025, using the Long March 3B rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center [3]. - It is part of China's long-term development plan for civil space infrastructure and serves as the second generation of geostationary meteorological satellites [3]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - Fengyun-4C features a new electric propulsion high-performance remote sensing platform, equipped with four different ground remote sensing instruments and two solar observation instruments, significantly enhancing its observational capabilities [7]. - The satellite's technical specifications have improved by 2 to 3 times compared to its predecessor, making it the most capable geostationary meteorological satellite globally [7]. Group 3: Observational Capabilities - The satellite includes advanced instruments such as a radiation imaging device that can detect atmospheric temperature changes to one-fiftieth of a degree Celsius and an interferometric infrared detector with improved spatial resolution [8]. - The lightning imaging device can capture 500 frames per second, capable of identifying lightning events from a data stream equivalent to 30 high-definition movies in one second [8]. Group 4: Network and Collaboration - With the successful launch of Fengyun-4C, China has now launched a total of 23 Fengyun meteorological satellites, enhancing its observational network for weather forecasting and disaster management [9]. - The satellite's inter-satellite collaboration capabilities will contribute to a "data highway" in space, promoting an innovative international meteorological observation system [9].

Core Points - The upgrade of China's meteorological sounding system from L-band to Beidou sounding marks a significant advancement in high-altitude meteorological observation, placing the country among international leaders in this field [1][4] - The Beidou sounding system boasts an overall observation data accuracy rate exceeding 99%, and it has been applied in weather forecasting and climate monitoring [1][4] Group 1: System Development - China has established an integrated meteorological observation system that encompasses land, sea, air, and space [4] - The upgraded Beidou sounding system is a domestically developed, internationally advanced next-generation meteorological sounding system capable of accurately obtaining vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, pressure, wind direction, and wind speed up to 30,000 meters [4] Group 2: Global Contribution - The Beidou sounding system supports China's deep participation in global meteorological observation, forecasting, and services [6] - Currently, China operates 131 Beidou sounding stations, accounting for 12% of the global total, with 88 of these serving as global data exchange stations, contributing approximately 11% of shared data to global numerical weather prediction and climate change response efforts [6]

Core Points - The meteorological sounding business system in China has been fully upgraded from L-band sounding to BeiDou sounding, marking a significant advancement in high-altitude meteorological observation and placing China among the international leaders in this field [1][3] - The overall accuracy of the BeiDou sounding system's observational data exceeds 99%, and it has been applied in weather forecasting and climate monitoring [1][3] Group 1 - An advanced BeiDou sounding observation network has been established internationally [2] - China has built an integrated meteorological observation system covering land, sea, air, and space, primarily using balloons equipped with sounding instruments to collect atmospheric data such as temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed, and direction [3] - The upgraded BeiDou sounding system is a domestically developed, internationally advanced next-generation meteorological sounding system capable of accurately obtaining vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, pressure, wind direction, and wind speed up to 30,000 meters above ground [3] Group 2 - The BeiDou sounding system supports China's deep participation in global meteorological observation, forecasting, and services [5] - Currently, China has established 131 BeiDou sounding stations, accounting for 12% of the total global sounding stations, with 88 of these being global data exchange stations, contributing approximately 11% of shared data to the global total [5]

Core Viewpoint - Anhui Landun Photoelectron Co., Ltd. reported a significant decline in revenue and net profit for the first half of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, indicating potential challenges in the company's financial performance and market conditions [2][4]. Financial Performance - The company's operating revenue for the first half of 2025 was approximately 186 million yuan, a decrease of 27.26% from 256 million yuan in the same period of 2024 [2]. - The net profit attributable to shareholders was a loss of approximately 35 million yuan, a drastic decline of 1,877.03% compared to a profit of nearly 2 million yuan in the previous year [2]. - The basic and diluted earnings per share were both -0.19 yuan, reflecting a 2,000% decrease from 0.01 yuan in the previous year [2]. - The total assets at the end of the reporting period were approximately 2.46 billion yuan, down 4.20% from the end of the previous year [2]. Industry Overview - The company operates in the high-end analytical measurement instrument manufacturing sector, which is crucial for various applications including scientific research, industrial production, and environmental monitoring [3][4]. - The domestic instrument manufacturing industry has seen rapid development, supported by government policies aimed at promoting domestic production and technological innovation [3][4]. - Despite advancements, the industry still faces challenges such as reliance on imported high-end instruments and a lack of core technology independence [4][5]. Government Support and Policies - The government has implemented several initiatives to enhance the capabilities of the domestic instrument manufacturing industry, including funding for key technology projects and promoting collaboration between industry and academia [5][6]. - Recent policies emphasize the importance of measurement technology in supporting the high-quality development of the instrument industry, aiming to improve the reliability and performance of domestic products [5][6]. Market Demand - There is a growing demand for domestic instruments in key areas such as environmental monitoring, smart transportation, and meteorological observation, driven by national strategies for ecological protection and carbon neutrality [6][7]. - The market for smart transportation is projected to reach 3.3 trillion yuan by 2025, indicating significant growth potential in this sector [14].

Core Insights - The European Space Agency successfully launched the first second-generation MetOp weather satellite, MetOp-SG-A1, on August 12, 2023, using an Ariane 6 rocket [1] - The MetOp second-generation mission includes the launch of three pairs of six satellites, with each pair consisting of an A-type and a B-type satellite equipped with complementary advanced instruments [1] - The mission aims to provide global observation data for weather forecasting and climate analysis for over 20 years, with significant improvements in accuracy and resolution compared to the first generation [1] Industry Impact - The launch of MetOp-SG-A1 provides enhanced tools for national meteorological services in member countries, which can help save lives, protect property, and improve responses to climate crises [2] - The satellite is designed and manufactured by the European Space Agency, while the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites is responsible for procurement, ground system construction, satellite operation, and data provision to global meteorological users [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the procurement plans for meteorological equipment by Hebei and Fujian meteorological departments, with a total budget of 229 million yuan, focusing on advanced observation instruments such as laser radar and hyperspectral imaging devices [2]. Summary by Sections Hebei Meteorological Equipment Procurement - Hebei Meteorological Technology Equipment Center plans to procure 10 types of instruments with a total budget of 144 million yuan, including laser wind radar, small wave buoys, and soil moisture observation instruments, expected to be purchased between February and August 2025 [3][8]. - Specific instruments include: - Laser wind radar - X-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar - Soil moisture observation instruments [3][4][5]. Fujian Meteorological Equipment Procurement - Fujian Meteorological Science Research Institute plans to procure 4 types of instruments with a total budget of 85.73 million yuan, including visible near-infrared spectrometers and airborne hyperspectral imaging devices, expected to be purchased between June and August 2025 [3][11]. - Key instruments include: - Visible near-infrared spectrometer - Airborne hyperspectral imaging device - Multi-band spectral imaging device [4][6]. Instrument Descriptions - **Visible Near-Infrared Spectrometer**: Measures spectral characteristics of surface materials, covering wavelengths from 350 to 2500 nm, enabling qualitative and quantitative analysis of target components and environmental parameters [4]. - **Soil Moisture Observation Instrument**: Measures soil moisture content using physical sensors by detecting dielectric constant and thermal conductivity [5]. - **Airborne Hyperspectral Imaging Device**: Captures spatial and spectral information of surface targets using hundreds of continuous spectral bands [6]. Detailed Procurement Plans - A detailed list of procurement intentions for both Hebei and Fujian includes various instruments aimed at enhancing meteorological observation capabilities, with specific budgets allocated for each type of equipment [10][12]. - The plans emphasize the importance of advanced technology in improving weather monitoring and disaster prevention capabilities [10][12].