Group 1 - The book challenges the Eurocentric view of the origins of modern science, suggesting that significant moments in the development of modern science should be understood within a global historical context [2] - It emphasizes that the scientific revolution of the 16th century was a process that integrated knowledge from various cultures around the world, rather than being solely a European phenomenon [2] - The exploration journeys sponsored by European states in the 18th century led to advancements in various scientific disciplines, relying heavily on indigenous knowledge from the regions they explored [2] Group 2 - The book discusses the impact of the publication of "Compendium of Materia Medica" by Li Shizhen in the late 16th century, which categorized natural phenomena and influenced European scientific thought [3] - It highlights the significance of Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species," which was shaped by global discoveries and discussions on evolution that began in the late 18th century [3] - The translation and dissemination of Darwin's work into at least 15 languages by the time of World War I illustrates its global impact [3] Group 3 - The book explores the relationship between physics and international politics in the early 20th century, noting that international cooperation and conflict have continuously shaped the development of modern science [4] - It mentions the collaborative efforts of scientists from various countries, including China, in advancing modern physics, particularly in the context of relativity and quantum mechanics [4] - The current trends in research fields such as artificial intelligence, space exploration, and climate science highlight the necessity for international cooperation and knowledge sharing in addressing global challenges [4]

Core Insights - The core perspective of the article revolves around the unique decision-making philosophy of Wu Minghui, founder and CEO of Minglue Technology, which is deeply rooted in mathematics and structured thinking [2][3][4]. Group 1: Mathematical Foundation - Wu Minghui's value system is built on a mathematical foundation, emphasizing the importance of abstract systems and the beauty of simplicity in decision-making [3][4]. - His approach to problem-solving is influenced by the Pythagorean belief that "everything is number," which he applies in various aspects of his life and work [4][12]. - Wu's method of using a simple formula, Y = F(X), to explain complex AI concepts demonstrates his ability to distill chaos into clarity [12][13]. Group 2: Systemic Understanding - Wu acknowledges the limitations of closed systems, drawing from Gödel's incompleteness theorem to highlight the necessity of expanding perspectives and embracing diverse viewpoints [6][7]. - He emphasizes the importance of system compatibility and the value of heterogeneous teams in fostering organizational stability [6][9]. - This adaptive mindset allows for a more resilient approach to management, especially in uncertain environments [7][10]. Group 3: Evolutionary Perspective - Wu's third pillar of thought is influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution, focusing on the dynamic relationship between systems and their environments [9][10]. - He believes that organizations must be flexible and responsive to external changes, rather than resisting them [10][18]. - His strategic decisions during the pandemic, such as pivoting towards self-developed AI models, exemplify this adaptive approach [10][18]. Group 4: Personal Philosophy - Wu's mission is to "transmit the beauty of mathematics," reflecting a deep personal commitment to his mathematical beliefs throughout his career [13][14]. - He embodies a "structural rationalist" mindset, continuously exploring the essence of problems rather than relying solely on conventional leadership or strategic labels [14][15]. - His belief in the interconnectedness of all things through mathematics shapes his approach to both life and business [15][16].

Core Viewpoint - The discovery of the Chicago Archaeopteryx, the 14th specimen of Archaeopteryx, provides significant insights into the evolution of birds from dinosaurs, particularly in terms of skull evolution and flight adaptations [1][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - The Chicago specimen is noted as the best-preserved Archaeopteryx specimen to date, especially the skull, which holds immense research value [3]. - This specimen, collected by the Field Museum in 2022, is the smallest known Archaeopteryx, approximately the size of a pigeon, and retains rare soft tissues such as skin, toe pads, and feathers [3][4]. - High-precision CT scanning and 3D reconstruction revealed that the skull structure of the specimen indicates a transitional phase between non-avian dinosaurs and more flexible avian skulls [4]. Group 2: Implications for Evolutionary Biology - The preserved toe pad morphology suggests that Archaeopteryx may have had good ground locomotion capabilities, indicating a more diverse lifestyle than previously understood [4]. - The Chicago specimen is the first known Archaeopteryx to exhibit tertiary flight feathers, which may have evolved to enhance flight efficiency, marking a significant innovation not seen in non-avian dinosaurs [4]. - The research highlights the potential of advanced techniques in paleobiology, particularly in the study of ancient birds, showcasing the capabilities of 3D reconstruction and soft tissue identification [4].