以下文章来源于日经中文网 ，作者日经中文网 日经中文网 . 编制日经指数的《日本经济新闻》的中文版。提供日本、中国、欧美财经金融信息、商务、企业、高科技报道、评论和专栏。 河浪武史：就连重视国际规则的欧盟也甘愿接受"不平等协议"。在对美谈判达成协议的6个国家和地区中，除日本和英国之外，其余4个国家和地区均表示将削减或 取消对美国产品的关税。这是霸权国家对贸易的"力量支配"…… 来源｜ 日经中文网（ID：rijingzhongwenwang） 其一是透明的世界贸易组织（WTO）体制的崩溃。世贸组织协定中有平等对待贸易伙伴国的"最惠国待遇（MFN）原则"。最惠国待遇是1948年关税与贸 易总协定（GATT）启动时就存在的国际贸易的基本原则。欧盟此次取消关税是仅限于美国产品的措施，明显违反这一原则。 如果最惠国待遇受损，将不利于新兴和发展中国家的国际贸易。如果没有平等的规则，新兴和发展中国家即使通过技术开发提高国际竞争力，也无法轻易 进入发达国家市场。60年来，新兴和发展中国家在全球贸易中所占的份额从22%上升到43%。全球经济将损害增长的火车头。 第二个风险是全球贸易的碎片化。与美国保持同盟关系的日本和欧盟与美国 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implications of recent trade agreements between the U.S. and various countries, highlighting a shift from rule-based trade to power-based trade, with the EU accepting what is termed an "unequal agreement" [1][2]. Group 1: Trade Agreements and Tariff Changes - The EU has agreed to eliminate tariffs on U.S. industrial products, including a 10% tariff on automobiles, marking a significant shift in trade policy [2]. - In addition to the EU, countries like Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam have also agreed to reduce or eliminate tariffs on U.S. products, with Indonesia planning to remove tariffs on 99% of U.S. goods [2]. - The U.S. plans to impose reciprocal tariffs of 15% on EU products and 19% on Indonesian products, indicating that the agreements are favorable to the U.S. [2][3]. Group 2: Risks to Global Trade - The collapse of the transparent World Trade Organization (WTO) system is a significant risk, as the EU's actions violate the Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) principle, which has been a cornerstone of international trade since 1948 [2][3]. - The potential damage to emerging and developing countries' international trade is highlighted, as unequal rules could hinder their market access despite improvements in competitiveness [3]. - The fragmentation of global trade is another risk, as countries like India and Brazil resist entering unequal agreements with the U.S., while China takes countermeasures against U.S. policies [3][4]. Group 3: The Shift in Global Economic Order - The article notes a division in the global economy into blocs led by the U.S. and its allies, and a separate group centered around China, which could lead to increased geopolitical tensions [4]. - The abandonment of the MFN principle in U.S.-EU agreements is seen as a significant loophole that undermines the establishment of future international rules, particularly in areas like climate change [4]. - The commentary from former IMF chief economist Olivier Blanchard emphasizes the dangers of a return to a "jungle law" scenario, where the strong dominate the weak, threatening global peace and stability [4].

Group 1 - The article discusses the establishment of the Hunan Jin Furong Science and Technology Innovation Guidance Fund, aimed at fostering new productive forces and supporting long-term capital investment in hard technology [1] - The fund will focus on the "4×4" modern industrial system outlined by the provincial government, creating both comprehensive and specialized early-stage science and technology sub-funds [1] - The target scale for comprehensive sub-funds is set at no less than 300 million yuan, while specialized sub-funds will aim for a minimum of 200 million yuan, focusing on emerging industries such as artificial intelligence and biomedicine [1]