【美石油封锁之际 古巴外长抵达莫斯科】智通财经2月18日电，据法新社最新消息，古巴外交部长布鲁 诺·罗德里格斯2月18日抵达莫斯科，并将与俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫举行会谈。报道称，罗德里格斯此次访 俄正值美国对古巴实施新一轮石油封锁之际。此前，俄罗斯总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫2月12日对媒体说， 俄罗斯希望与美国开展建设性对话，以解决对古巴石油禁运问题。美国总统特朗普1月29日签署行政 令，威胁对向古巴提供石油的国家加征输美商品从价关税。（环球网） 转自：智通财经 ...

每经编辑｜金冥羽 据俄罗斯《消息报》12日援引俄驻古巴大使馆消息报道，俄近期将以人道主义援助的方式向古巴运送一批原油和燃料。 报道说，美国对古巴实施的石油禁运已对古巴民众生活及国家经济发展造成严重影响。目前古巴民众已无法为汽车加油，一些酒店也已关闭。 据新华社，古巴副总理兼外贸外资部长佩雷斯-奥利瓦等政府官员6日晚在古巴电视台一档节目中宣布对燃料实行限购等一系列措施，以应对美国新一轮石 油封锁。 美国总统特朗普1月29日签署行政令，宣布国家紧急状态，威胁对向古巴直接或间接提供石油国家的输美商品加征从价关税。墨西哥总统辛鲍姆本周一（9 日）证实，在美国关税压力下，墨西哥对古巴的石油运输已经暂停。 据此前报道，多年来，美国对古巴实施了严厉的经济制裁，这让古巴高度依赖墨西哥（供应量占古巴石油进口总量的44%）、委内瑞拉（供应量占古巴石 油进口总量的33%）、俄罗斯（供应量占古巴石油进口总量的10%）的石油供应。上月初，在美国强行掳走委内瑞拉总统马杜罗后，封锁了所有委内瑞拉 石油输往古巴的通道。 校对|许绍航 每日经济新闻综合自新华社、央视新闻、第一财经、红星新闻、济南日报 佩斯科夫说，俄方愿意通过对话解决现有问题， ...

Group 1 - The U.S. military announced the seizure of two oil tankers related to Venezuela, one of which was flying the Russian flag, with potential legal actions against the crew [2][6] - The operation to seize the "Bella 1" tanker was executed under a presidential order, with U.S. Navy SEALs involved in the boarding [3][4] - The "Bella 1" tanker, previously named "Waterman," was reportedly empty and intended to load oil in Venezuela but was unable to dock due to U.S. sanctions [3][5] Group 2 - The U.S. has intensified its blockade on Venezuelan oil, with a comprehensive ban on all sanctioned tankers entering or leaving Venezuela [5][6] - Following the seizure, U.S. officials emphasized that only energy trade recognized by the U.S. would be permitted, asserting significant influence over Venezuela's oil revenue [6][7] - Russia condemned the seizure, claiming it violated international law and called for humane treatment of the Russian crew members [7]

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. has seized two oil tankers, "Bella 1" (renamed "Mariner") and "Sophia," for violating sanctions related to Venezuela's oil exports, highlighting ongoing tensions and enforcement of U.S. sanctions against Venezuela's government [2][3][4]. Group 1: Seizure of "Bella 1" (Mariner) - The U.S. European Command announced the seizure of the "Bella 1" oil tanker, which was reportedly flying a Russian flag, due to violations of U.S. sanctions [2]. - The operation was executed by the U.S. Coast Guard and military, with the vessel being tracked and seized in the North Atlantic under a federal court arrest warrant [2]. - The White House Press Secretary stated that the tanker is part of Venezuela's "shadow fleet" transporting sanctioned oil and is considered stateless due to flying a false flag [3]. Group 2: Seizure of "Sophia" - The U.S. Southern Command reported the interception of the "Sophia" oil tanker, identified as a stateless vessel from the "shadow fleet," while it was sailing in international waters [4]. - The U.S. Coast Guard is currently controlling the "Sophia" and is set to take it to the U.S. for further action [4]. Group 3: Context of Sanctions - The "Bella 1" was previously pursued by the U.S. Coast Guard in December 2025 and was intended to load oil in Venezuela but remained in a state of emptiness due to U.S. blockades [3]. - The U.S. government continues to enforce bans on all vessels identified as illegally transporting oil, emphasizing the significant influence and control the U.S. has over Venezuela's oil exports [5].

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. military announced the seizure of two oil tankers linked to Venezuela, one of which was flying the Russian flag, raising questions about the implications for U.S.-Russia relations and the enforcement of sanctions against Venezuela [1]. Group 1: Seizure Details - The U.S. Coast Guard tracked the "Bella 1" tanker for over two weeks before seizing it in the North Atlantic, despite it being thousands of kilometers away from Venezuela [1]. - The second tanker, named "Sophia," was seized in international waters and is described as a "stateless" vessel part of a "shadow fleet" under sanctions [1]. - The U.S. Secretary of State stated that the Venezuelan government cannot transport oil or generate revenue without U.S. permission, highlighting the significant influence the U.S. holds over Venezuelan oil exports [1]. Group 2: U.S.-Russia Relations - Russia condemned the seizure, labeling it as piracy and a violation of international law, asserting that freedom of navigation applies in international waters [1]. - The Russian Foreign Ministry is closely monitoring the situation and has demanded humane treatment for Russian citizens aboard the seized vessels [1]. - The White House Press Secretary indicated that the seized tanker violated U.S. sanctions, and crew members could face prosecution under U.S. law, suggesting potential escalation in tensions between the U.S. and Russia [1].

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. government, led by Energy Secretary Chris Wright, has announced an indefinite control over Venezuelan oil sales, aiming to stabilize and increase production while ensuring that the proceeds benefit the Venezuelan people [1]. Group 1: U.S. Control Over Venezuelan Oil - The U.S. will control not only the inventory of Venezuelan oil but also future sales indefinitely, with revenues deposited into U.S. government-controlled accounts [1]. - The U.S. aims to provide heavy crude oil diluents, parts, equipment, and services to stabilize and grow Venezuelan oil production, potentially increasing daily output by hundreds of thousands of barrels in the coming years [1]. - President Trump stated that Venezuela would transfer 30 to 50 million barrels of "sanctioned high-quality oil" to the U.S., with sales proceeds personally overseen by him [1]. Group 2: Military Actions and Sanctions - The U.S. has conducted a large-scale military strike against Venezuela, forcibly controlling President Maduro and his wife, with the motive of seizing Venezuela's oil resources [2]. - The U.S. government will continue to enforce sanctions against all vessels accused of illegally transporting oil, with crew members potentially facing trial in the U.S. [3]. - The U.S. has seized a Russian-flagged oil tanker for violating sanctions, asserting significant influence and control over Venezuelan oil transportation and revenue generation [3]. Group 3: International Reactions - The Russian Ministry of Transport condemned the U.S. for seizing the oil tanker, asserting that no country has the right to use force against vessels under another nation's jurisdiction [4]. - The Russian Foreign Ministry demanded humane treatment for Russian citizens aboard the seized tanker and called for their safe return [4].

Core Viewpoint - The announcement by the U.S. President regarding the transfer of 30 to 50 million barrels of Venezuelan oil to the U.S. raises concerns about the viability and risks associated with investing in Venezuela's oil industry, which is currently facing significant challenges [1][5]. Group 1: Oil Transfer Announcement - The Venezuelan interim government plans to transfer 30 to 50 million barrels of oil to the U.S., which is equivalent to approximately 30 to 50 days of Venezuela's oil production [3][5]. - The estimated value of this oil transfer could exceed $2.8 billion based on current WTI crude oil prices [3]. - The oil is expected to be transported by tankers directly to U.S. unloading docks for processing [3]. Group 2: Challenges in Venezuelan Oil Industry - Despite the potential for increased oil production, U.S. oil companies are cautious due to the deteriorating state of Venezuela's oil industry and the risk of significant financial loss [1][5]. - The Venezuelan oil infrastructure is in a state of disrepair, requiring an estimated $53 billion in investment over the next 15 years just to maintain current production levels of approximately 1.1 million barrels per day [5]. - The ongoing U.S. oil embargo has severely restricted Venezuela's oil exports, with predictions that over 70% of the country's oil production could be halted this year [5]. Group 3: Economic Implications - The economic pressure from the U.S. is likely to hinder Venezuela's mild recovery from years of hyperinflation and food shortages, potentially leading to another economic collapse [6]. - Experts warn that the collapse of oil revenues will have severe consequences for the Venezuelan population, possibly resulting in famine or a mass migration crisis [6]. - The forced transfer of oil from third-party investments in Venezuela to the U.S. is viewed as unacceptable and could cause long-term damage to the Venezuelan economy [6].

Core Viewpoint - The Russian Ministry of Transport condemned the U.S. for seizing oil tankers, asserting that no country has the right to use force against vessels under another nation's jurisdiction [1][2]. Group 1: U.S. Actions - The U.S. European Command announced the seizure of the "Bella 1" oil tanker, which allegedly flies the Russian flag, citing violations of U.S. sanctions [3][5]. - The U.S. Southern Command reported intercepting a stateless oil tanker named "Sophia," which was also under sanctions, in international waters [7]. - U.S. officials indicated that crew members from the seized tankers may be brought to the U.S. for prosecution due to violations of U.S. laws [8]. Group 2: Russian Response - The Russian Ministry of Transport emphasized that the "Mariner" vessel received temporary permission to sail under the Russian flag according to Russian and international law [1]. - The Ministry reiterated that freedom of navigation applies in international waters, and no nation can use force against vessels under another country's jurisdiction [2]. Group 3: Context of Seizures - The "Bella 1" tanker was reportedly empty and had previously attempted to load oil in Venezuela but was unable to do so due to U.S. blockades [5]. - The U.S. Secretary of State highlighted that the Venezuelan government cannot transport oil or generate revenue without U.S. permission, indicating significant U.S. influence and control over the situation [9].

Group 1 - Venezuela's oil exports to Asia have been halted for five days due to U.S. sanctions, impacting the country's main oil customers [1] - Chevron, a major partner of Venezuela's state oil company, has resumed oil exports to the U.S. after the suspension of exports to Asia [1] - In December, at least 12 sanctioned tankers loaded approximately 12 million barrels of crude oil and refined products destined for Asia, navigating under "stealth mode" to evade U.S. sanctions [1] Group 2 - The halt in oil exports to Asia, combined with significant inventory buildup of crude and residual oil, may force Venezuela's oil company to further expand its recently initiated production cuts [2]

Group 1 - Approximately 12 tankers loaded with Venezuelan crude oil and fuel have left the country's waters since the beginning of the year, defying U.S. export blockade policies [2][3] - These tankers are reported to carry around 12 million barrels of Venezuelan heavy crude and fuel oil, with their destinations currently unclear [3] - Chevron has resumed oil exports from Venezuela, being the only U.S. company authorized to do so, with a tanker currently transporting about 300,000 barrels of Venezuelan heavy crude to the U.S. Gulf Coast [4][5] Group 2 - The Venezuelan oil industry is facing significant challenges, with the state oil company PDVSA's oil exports having stalled due to U.S. sanctions, leading to full storage facilities and a reduction in oil production [5] - The Venezuelan government, led by oil minister Delcy Rodríguez, is in urgent need of oil export revenues to maintain government operations and stabilize the domestic situation [5] - The U.S. military recently captured Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, and President Trump indicated that the oil embargo against Venezuela would remain fully in effect [2][5]