今年的诺贝尔经济学奖公布了，三位学者共同获奖， 很多朋友问，为什么中国人获得诺贝尔奖的数量这么少，难度这么大？ 其中一位叫菲利普·阿吉翁，导师是埃里克·马斯金，2007年诺贝尔经济学奖得主。 马斯金的导师肯尼斯·阿罗，也是诺贝尔奖获得者。 说个冷知识，诺贝尔经济学奖其实是瑞典中央银行出资设立的，跟原有的诺贝尔奖在财务上没关系，只 是借用了"诺贝尔"这个名字。全称叫"瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学科学奖"。 设立这个奖的初衷，是鼓励经济学研究采用新方法，特别是借鉴自然科学的方法。经过这么多年发展， 现在诺贝尔经济学奖主要颁给两类贡献：一类是方法论创新，另一类是思想性成果。 今年获奖者的工作两方面都有：他们强调创新在经济发展中的核心作用。其中一位用历史数据和史实论 证知识创新的重要性，另外两位通过经济学模型把这个思想形式化表述出来。 为什么中国人拿诺奖这么难 我们可以分两方面来看。 先说自然科学奖，包括生命科学、物理学、化学。现在诺贝尔奖的标准跟一百年前已经很不一样了。 一百年前的奖项，往往授予革命性的思想和突破，有时候就是一个灵感，一个想法就改变了世界。 现在的奖项呢？绝大部分是基于实验室长期积累的实 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 34th "Liberation Book List" was officially launched at the Shanghai Book Fair, showcasing 10 newly published books that combine depth of thought and reading value, aiming to provide readers with a diverse selection of reading choices [1] Summary by Category Historical Works - "China's War of Resistance" presents a comprehensive view of the Chinese people's struggle during the Anti-Japanese War, helping readers draw strength from the spirit of resistance and enhance historical confidence [1] - "The Great Navigation of the Arabs: From Ancient to Early Medieval" highlights the overlooked maritime civilization, challenging Western-centric narratives and emphasizing the crucial role of Arabs in the development of maritime civilization [1] Future and Technology - Nick Bostrom's "Future of the Land: The Purpose and Meaning of Humanity in the Age of Superintelligence" raises philosophical questions about human existence and provides insights into future evolution [1] American Studies - Michael C. Desch's "The Irrelevance of American Social Science to National Security" analyzes the complex relationship between academia and politics, revealing the deeper logic behind the decline of American social science's influence [1] - Robert Zoellick's "On America: A History of American Diplomacy and Foreign Policy" offers a panoramic narrative of American diplomacy from the perspective of an experienced diplomat, providing valuable insights into changes in U.S. foreign policy [1] Economics - "Money and Government: A Challenge to Mainstream Economics" by Skidelsky challenges mainstream paradigms and reexamines the core roles of money and government in economic operations, offering insights into the current global economic predicament [1] Literature and Culture - A Lai's "Source of the Great River" poetically depicts the natural and cultural landscapes of river sources, representing a journey towards the roots of Chinese civilization [1] - "Virtual Society: Metaverse and Post-Human Experience" discusses the challenges of the digital age, emphasizing the need to leverage virtual tools to empower humanity [1] Contemporary Chinese Practices - "Milk Tea Going Global: The Global Expansion of New Chinese Tea Brands" documents stories of commercial innovation, highlighting the importance of embracing open innovation while maintaining core cultural values [1] - Huang Xiaofeng's "The Peddler's Map: Small Vendors and Big History" decodes the historical narrative from an art history perspective, emphasizing continuity in human experience rather than viewing history as a series of disjointed events [1]

国际货币基金组织（IMF）第一副总裁Gita Gopinath将离职，并回归哈佛大学经济学研究领域。 ...