文|孑亥史谈 编辑|孑亥史谈 在拉丁美洲这个贫富差距巨大的区域，有一个国家却悄悄地走出了常规，成了别人家的孩子，智利人均 国民收入远超周边邻国，出口结构多元化，政局稳定，廉政指数高得不像拉美国家。 这到底是运气好，还是有章法？靠着一堆矿石和几十份贸易协定，智利居然成了南美洲最富裕的国家， 问题来了它是怎么做到的？又真能一直富下去吗？ 靠资源起家，却不靠资源活命 很多国家手里握着资源，却被资源拖了后腿，智利一开始也差不多，70年代，铜矿几乎是它的全部经济 命脉，铜价一跌，国家就跟着喘不过气，1972年通胀率飙到150%，街头连基本食物都买不到，经济烂 到家。 但从1973年开始皮诺切特军政府上台后请来了一批芝加哥训练出来的经济学家，彻底推翻了原来那套国 家主导经济的老路子。 他们拿出了一份叫《El Ladrillo》的改革方案，目标很明确让市场来干活，让国家少插手，说白了，就 是控制通胀、放开市场、吸引外资。 怎么做的？他们一口气把大批国有企业卖掉，但保留了铜矿国企Codelco的控制权，这其实是精明之 举。 一方面靠铜矿稳定基本盘，一方面又把经济其他部分交给市场去跑，保守中带着冒险。 政治稳定不是"送的"是一 ...

Core Insights - Colombia's non-mining energy product exports reached $17.291 billion from January to August, marking a significant year-on-year increase of 21.3% with a volume growth of 14.4% [1] Export Performance by Sector - Agriculture accounted for 42.9% of total exports, with a remarkable growth rate of 36.9% [1] - The agro-industrial sector represented 15.6% of exports, experiencing a growth of 39.7% [1] - Industrial manufactured goods made up 41.4% of exports, with an increase of 11.8% [1] Notable Export Products - Coffee exports were particularly strong, totaling $3.798 billion, which is a year-on-year increase of 77.4% [1] - Palm oil exports grew by 77.9%, while coffee extracts increased by 58.7% [1] - Pesticides saw a growth of 20.3%, and other products like bananas, sugar, pharmaceuticals, transformers, aluminum doors and windows, beauty products, and flowers also maintained growth [1] Economic Implications - The robust performance of non-mining energy exports indicates that Colombia's economic structure is diversifying, with agriculture and manufacturing becoming new growth drivers [1]

Core Points - The completion of the world's tallest hotel, the Dubai Blue Sky Hotel, marks a significant achievement for China Railway 18th Bureau, showcasing China's construction capabilities in the Middle East [1][3] - China's investment in infrastructure projects in the Middle East has reached several hundred billion dollars, with a notable increase in contracts from 2013 to 2017, tripling from $18.46 billion to $55.66 billion [3][4] - The Middle East's wealth from oil exports provides a strong financial foundation for infrastructure development, making it an ideal market for Chinese construction companies [4][22] Demand - The Middle East, holding 60% of the world's oil reserves, has transformed from nomadic tribes to modern wealthy nations in a few decades [5] - In 2023, Saudi Aramco's revenue reached $440 billion, contributing 40% to Saudi Arabia's GDP, while Abu Dhabi contributed 68% to the UAE's GDP with a total income of $310 billion [6] - The region's population growth and economic development are driving significant infrastructure demand, with a population exceeding 500 million and a 6% annual growth rate [9][10] Advantages - Chinese construction companies have become the largest contractors in the Middle East, holding a 40% market share since 2022, supported by their technological strength and competitive pricing [11][22] - The Chinese construction industry has a strong foundation due to government support and rapid industrial growth, leading to a significant presence in global markets [12][17] - China's construction costs are typically 40% to 60% lower than those in other regions, with project timelines being 60% to 70% shorter, enhancing competitiveness [17] Market Trends - Middle Eastern countries have set ambitious infrastructure development goals, with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 plan aiming for $1.1 trillion in investments and the UAE planning to allocate 46% of its budget to infrastructure by 2025 [10][22] - The shift in global energy consumption patterns poses a challenge to the oil-dependent economies of the Middle East, prompting a diversification of their economic structures towards infrastructure, renewable energy, and high-end manufacturing [6][19] Conclusion - The journey of Chinese infrastructure in the Middle East began in 2009 with the Mecca Light Rail project, gradually building trust and reputation through high-quality and efficient project delivery [23] - As more projects are executed, the influence of Chinese construction firms in the Middle East and globally is expected to grow, positioning the region as a critical hub for international expansion [23]