2025年，尽管全球科研事业面临资金紧缩与机构裁撤的冲击，但科学家们仍在逆境中作出令人瞩目 的成就。这些发现如同镶嵌于乌云边缘的金辉，彰显着科学向善的韧性力量。在12月18日的报道中， 《自然》网站梳理了本年度7个鼓舞人心的科学故事。 部分濒危种群恢复 强有力的保护措施让部分濒危物种的命运迎来转机。 得益于人们长期对龟卵的保护以及减少渔业误捕的努力，一度濒危的绿海龟，如今在世界自然保护 联盟红色名录中已被调整为"无危"级别。 在澳大利亚，体型似鼠的捕食性有袋动物袋鼬展现出顽强的生命力。2015—2021年间，即便在持续 干旱与食物短缺的极端条件下，其分布范围也扩大了超过4.8万平方公里。 今年9月，《联合国公海条约》已获61个国家批准，达到生效门槛。该条约旨在保护国际水域生物 多样性，将于明年1月17日生效，目标是到2030年保护至少30%的陆地和海洋生物。 可再生能源跃居主导地位 清洁能源的崛起已势不可挡。今年，可再生能源首次超越煤炭，成为全球最大电力来源。其中，中 国于5月成为首个光伏发电累计装机规模突破10亿千瓦的国家，仅上半年新增装机就达256吉瓦，占全球 过半。中国计划在下一个5年中，再增200—3 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights seven significant scientific breakthroughs in 2025, showcasing advancements in gene editing, renewable energy, species protection, and disease control, which collectively instill confidence in the future of humanity [1]. Group 1: Species Protection - Several endangered species have shown significant population recovery in 2025, including the green sea turtle, which has been downgraded from "endangered" to "least concern" due to effective protection measures [5]. - The Antechinus, a small marsupial in Australia, has also recovered from near extinction to "least concern," with its habitat expanding by 48,000 square kilometers despite challenges like drought [5]. - The United Nations' High Seas Treaty, approved by over 60 countries, aims to protect biodiversity in international waters and secure at least 30% of land and marine areas [6]. Group 2: Ozone Layer Recovery - The Antarctic ozone hole has shrunk to its smallest size since 2019, indicating ongoing recovery of the Earth's protective upper atmosphere [7]. - The average annual size of the ozone hole has been decreasing since the 1987 Montreal Protocol, with hopes for complete recovery by the late 2060s if climate-friendly alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons are pursued [9]. Group 3: Gene Editing Advances - 2025 is marked as a breakthrough year for gene editing, with significant medical achievements including a Huntington's disease gene therapy that reduced cognitive decline by 75% [11]. - A CAR-T cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed substantial remission rates in clinical trials, and personalized CRISPR technology was tested for the first time on individuals [11][12]. - These advancements pave the way for developing mutation-specific strategies for rare diseases, highlighting collaboration between academia and industry [12]. Group 4: Renewable Energy Growth - Renewable energy surpassed coal for the first time in 2025, becoming the largest energy source globally, largely due to China's installation of 1 terawatt of solar power capacity [14]. - In the first half of 2025, China installed 256 gigawatts of solar systems, double the total installed in other regions [14]. - The EU sourced about half of its electricity from renewable energy in the second and third quarters, with expectations of nearly 4,600 gigawatts of renewable capacity added between 2025 and 2030 [16]. Group 5: Disease Control - The Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was contained within 42 days, with 64 reported cases, thanks to rapid response and vaccination efforts [18]. - The World Health Organization approved the first malaria treatment for infants, which could significantly reduce malaria deaths among children under five [20]. - A new anti-malarial drug, Ganaplacide-Lumefantrine, showed a 97.4% success rate in treating malaria in clinical trials, potentially becoming the first new anti-malarial drug approved since 1999 [20]. Group 6: Allergy Reduction - Research indicates a significant decrease in peanut allergy rates among American children, with a 43% reduction in prevalence among children under three compared to 2012 [22]. - The approach of introducing infants to peanut products at four months old has been shown to greatly reduce the likelihood of developing allergies [22].