（本文来源：新华社） 中国研究团队25日在英国学术期刊《自然-医学》在线发表论文，报告世界首个将基因编辑猪肺成功移植到脑死亡人体内的案例。该成果有 望帮助缓解肺移植供体短缺的难题，被国际专家誉为相关领域的"一个里程碑"。 广州医科大学附属第一医院教授何建行率领的研究团队，将一只经过基因编辑的巴马香猪左肺移植到一名脑死亡者体内，模拟临床常见的单 肺移植手术。该供体猪经过6处基因编辑，以降低其器官移植到人体后的免疫风险。手术后，呼吸、血液、影像等监测数据显示，移植肺维 持通气与气体交换功能长达9天，其间未发生超急性排异反应，同步病原学监测也未发现活跃感染迹象。 "目前全球器官移植需求日益增大，异种器官移植被认为有望解决供体短缺的困境。"何建行对新华社记者介绍，"这项成果标志着异种肺移 植领域迈出关键一步。" 他表示，接下来将进一步优化基因编辑策略与抗排异治疗方案，延长移植器官存活及功能维持时间，并将团队自主研发的无管技术应用于异 种肺移植试验中，以减少机械通气对供体肺的损伤，推动异种肺移植向临床应用转化。 研究团队介绍，这项研究方案严格遵循国家有关法律法规和伦理准则，先后通过医院伦理委员会等机构的审查与监督。受试 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 异种移植 （Xenotransplantation） 是指将一个物种的器官移植到另一个物种体内，最近几年，该领域取 得了一系列令人瞩目的突破。2021 年 10 月，纽约大学朗格尼医学中心首次将基因编辑的 猪肾脏 移植给 了一位脑死亡女性。2022 年 1 月，马里兰大学医学院进行了首例活人移植基因编辑 猪心脏 的手术，患者 在移植后存活了约 2 个月时间。 2025 年 3 月，空军军医大学西京医院 窦科峰 院士团队等在 Nature 期刊发表论文 【1】 。首次将 基因编 辑的猪肝脏 移植给一名脑死亡患者， 该器官在脑死亡患者体内成功存活并正常工作 10 天。 这些突破在全世界范围内引发了广泛关注，让我们燃起了使用基因编辑猪作为供体进行异种移植来缓解人 类器官移植短缺的希望。然而， 肺移植 因其解剖学和生理学复杂性，面临着不同于其他实体器官移植的挑 战。基因编辑的猪肺尚未被移植到人体内，因此，在异种肺移植的背景下，人体免疫反应以及发生超急性 排斥反应的可能性等关键问题仍未得到解答。 在这项最新研究中，研究团队报告了一例猪到人的肺异种移植案例，将一只经过六基因编辑的猪 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 本周 （8 月 18 日- 8 月 24 日） ，国际顶尖学术期刊 Cell 共上线了 9 篇研究论文，其中 6 篇来自华人学者，这些研究分别是 ， 将 IscB 和 Cas9 转换为 RNA 编辑器、 世界首个维管植物整合细胞图谱、 修饰腺苷的解毒机制、 系统素拮抗肽调控番茄免疫系统的分子机制、 新型通用型 CAR-T 细胞疗法、 生物凝聚体调控神经系统。 将 IscB 和 Cas9 转换为 RNA 编辑器 2025 年 8 月 18 日，耶鲁大学 可爱龙 教授作为通讯作者，在 Cell 期刊发表了题为： Conversion of IscB and Cas9 into RNA-guided RNA- editors 的研究论文 【1】 。 该研究对 Cas9 的祖先 IscB 以及 Cas9 自身进行了工程化改造，删除了其 TID/PID 结构域， 将它们从原本的 RNA 引导的 DNA 编辑器转换为 RNA 引导的 RNA 编辑器 ，并展示其在可变剪切干扰、反式剪接及 RNA 碱基编辑中的应用潜力， 其性能可媲美甚至超越了 Cas13，且更具安全性，为 RNA 疗 ...

Technology Strategy - The U.S. government has officially enacted the "Maintaining American Advantage Act" which mandates the Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) to report annually to Congress on export control licenses [2] Investment - SoftBank Group has invested $2 billion in Intel, acquiring 2% of its total shares at $23 per share, positioning itself as Intel's fifth-largest shareholder, reflecting confidence in the U.S. semiconductor industry [3] AI and Semiconductor Development - NVIDIA is developing a new AI chip named B30A for the Chinese market, which will outperform the currently approved H20 chip, although regulatory approval remains uncertain [3] Quantum Computing - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has announced the procurement of a 20-qubit superconducting quantum computer from IQM, which will be integrated into its high-performance computing systems [4] Biotechnology - A new peptide design model named PepMLM has been developed by researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and Duke University, allowing for the design of peptide ligands based solely on target protein sequences [5] Emergency Authorization - The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has authorized the FDA to issue emergency use authorizations for animal drugs to combat the potential threat of New World screw-worms to the food supply [6] Gene Editing - Researchers from Harvard University and Jackson Laboratory have successfully used prime editing technology to correct a pathogenic gene mutation in a mouse model, offering new avenues for gene therapy in neurological diseases [7] Energy Technology - Equatic, a U.S. startup, has developed a technology that simultaneously produces green hydrogen from seawater while capturing and storing carbon dioxide, enhancing the efficiency and safety of the process [8] Robotics and Autonomous Systems - The U.S. Coast Guard has established a Robotics and Autonomous Systems (RAS) Project Execution Office to enhance operational capabilities in border security and emergency response [9] Maritime Technology - The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) is collaborating with Saronic Technologies to develop standards for autonomous surface vessels, aiming to improve safety and efficiency in maritime operations [10] Enhanced Maritime Awareness - Ocean Power Technologies has upgraded its AI-driven maritime awareness solution, Merrows™, to enhance continuous monitoring capabilities in complex environments [11] Aerospace - Quidditch Company has launched a new modular stealth drone named "Clone Ranger," designed for short takeoff and landing, capable of carrying various payloads [12] Space Communication - Blue Origin has unveiled the Mars Telecommunications Orbiter (MTO) to establish a high-speed communication relay network between Earth and Mars, expected to launch in 2028 [14] Advanced Materials - NASA has developed a new 3D-printable metal alloy named GRX-810, designed to withstand extreme temperatures for aerospace engine components [15] Quantum Materials - A research team from Chalmers University of Technology and Finland has developed a new quantum material that enhances qubit stability against environmental noise, addressing a core challenge in quantum computing [16] Advanced Manufacturing - Divacant Technologies has partnered with Raytheon to optimize and produce U.S. Navy equipment using its adaptive production system, which automates the design and manufacturing process [17] Smart Glasses - Meta is set to launch its first smart glasses with a built-in display named "Hypernova," priced at $800, featuring gesture control and advanced camera capabilities [18]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of research by Han Chunyu and his team, highlighting their significant contributions to genome editing and RNA tracking technologies, while also addressing the controversies surrounding their earlier work [3][4][5]. Group 1: Research Developments - In May 2016, Han Chunyu published a groundbreaking paper on DNA-guided genome editing using Argonaute protein from halophilic archaea, which initially gained widespread acclaim but was later retracted due to reproducibility issues [3]. - In January 2022, Han Chunyu published a new study on a Cas6-based RNA tracking platform, demonstrating higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting target RNA in live cells [4][5]. - Recently, Han Chunyu's team introduced a novel isothermal amplification technology, Ago-PCR, which operates at a constant temperature of 65°C, enhancing amplification efficiency and fidelity [7]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The Ago-PCR technology utilizes a modified Argonaute protein (dmCalAgo) that retains binding ability while losing cutting capability, allowing for stable performance at 65°C [8]. - The technology relies on the synergistic action of three enzymes: a helicase (Tte UvrD) to unwind DNA, the modified protein (dmCalAgo) for precise targeting, and a polymerase (Bst) for replication [9]. - This design replaces traditional temperature cycling in PCR, achieving significant advantages such as a detection limit of 3 copies/reaction, completion of tests within 30 minutes, and compatibility with various DNA templates [11][13]. Group 3: Practical Applications - The new technology can be executed using standard heating devices, eliminating the need for expensive PCR machines, thus enabling high-precision testing in field settings, grassroots healthcare, and home testing [14]. - The team has applied for a patent for this technology, which has the potential to transform pathogen detection, genetic typing, and rapid field testing [15].

Market Overview - US economic data suppresses stock market gains, with Trump threatening high tariffs leading to a drop in chip index by over 2% [2] - Intel shares rose nearly 3%, with a 10% increase over two days after reports of potential government investment [2] - UnitedHealth, favored by Buffett and others, saw a 12% rise, marking its largest gain in five years, supporting the Dow near record highs [2] - Bitcoin fell over $2000, dropping below $117,000, while gold experienced its first weekly decline in three weeks, with a drop of over 3% [2][6] - A-shares rose across the board, with over 4600 stocks in the green, while Hong Kong stocks fell, with JD and Alibaba both down over 3% [2] Key Economic Indicators - China's central bank emphasizes the implementation of moderately loose monetary policy [3][11] - July economic data from China shows retail sales, industrial output, fixed asset investment, and real estate sales all underperforming compared to previous values [13][19] - The consumer confidence index in the US unexpectedly declined in August, with inflation expectations rising [15] Semiconductor Sector - Trump announced plans to impose new semiconductor tariffs within two weeks, potentially reaching rates of 200%-300%, causing most chip stocks to decline [15][20] - Intel's stock performance stands out amidst the overall downturn in the semiconductor sector [15] Foreign Investment in US Debt - Foreign investors held a record amount of US debt in June, with significant increases from the UK and Japan, while holdings from India and Ireland decreased [16] - The demand for US debt remains strong despite concerns over a weakening dollar [16] AI and Technology Investments - OpenAI's CEO Altman plans to invest "trillions" in AI infrastructure, acknowledging challenges with the GPT-5 release [16][20] - Hedge funds showed significant interest in technology stocks, with Microsoft being the most favored, while Alibaba faced substantial reductions in holdings [17][21] Real Estate and Consumer Spending - China's real estate market continues to struggle, with new housing sales down 4% year-on-year, and fixed asset investment growth slowing [19] - US retail sales increased by 0.5% in July, marking the tenth consecutive month of growth, indicating resilient consumer spending [15] Corporate Developments - Tencent's stock price target raised significantly following strong earnings, with analysts optimistic about its AI growth potential [23] - China Shenhua plans a major acquisition worth over 250 billion yuan to enhance its resource reserves and profitability [23] - Circle completed a $1.3 billion stock issuance, indicating strong investor interest [27]

Core Insights - Scientists from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, University of Zurich, and Ghent University have developed an innovative gene editing method that combines advanced "gene scissors" technology with artificial intelligence (AI), significantly enhancing the precision of DNA editing [1][2] - The new AI tool named "Pythia" allows scientists to predict the outcomes of gene editing with unprecedented accuracy, particularly in how cells will repair DNA breaks caused by techniques like CRISPR/Cas9 [1][2] Group 1 - The technology aims to ensure that "gene scissors" do not cause unintended genetic mutations while maintaining overall genomic stability, which is crucial for safe treatments [1] - The AI-guided repair templates have been validated in human cell culture systems, achieving efficient and precise gene editing and foreign gene integration [2] - The method has been tested in various biological models, including African clawed frogs and live mice, successfully editing DNA in non-dividing tissues such as the brain [2] Group 2 - Pythia utilizes identifiable and learnable repair patterns, indicating that DNA repair processes are not random but follow specific rules [2] - The technology can modify single bases or insert foreign genes and can also be used to tag specific proteins, enabling direct observation of protein behavior in healthy and diseased tissues [2] - Its versatility allows application in various cell types, including non-dividing cells like neurons, providing new hope for treating challenging conditions such as neurological diseases [2]

Core Insights - Scientists from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, University of Zurich, and Ghent University have developed an innovative gene editing method that combines advanced "gene scissors" technology with artificial intelligence (AI), significantly enhancing the precision of DNA editing [1][2] - The new AI tool named "Pythia" allows scientists to predict the outcomes of gene editing with unprecedented accuracy, particularly in how cells will repair DNA breaks caused by techniques like CRISPR/Cas9 [1][2] Group 1 - The technology aims to ensure that "gene scissors" do not cause unintended genetic mutations while maintaining overall genomic stability, which is crucial for safe treatments [1] - Pythia has been validated in human cell culture systems, achieving efficient and precise gene editing and foreign gene integration [2] - The method has been tested in various biological models, including African clawed frogs and live mice, successfully editing DNA in non-dividing tissues such as the brain [2] Group 2 - Pythia utilizes identifiable and learnable repair patterns, indicating that DNA repair processes are not random but follow specific rules [2] - The technology can modify single bases, insert foreign genes, and label specific proteins, enabling direct observation of protein behavior in healthy and diseased tissues [2] - Its versatility allows application in various cell types, including non-dividing cells like neurons, providing new hope for targeting difficult-to-treat neurological diseases [2] Group 3 - The predictive capability of Pythia is likened to meteorologists using AI to forecast weather, emphasizing its importance for safe, reliable, and clinically applicable gene editing [2]

Core Viewpoint - The research team from Uppsala University has successfully demonstrated the survival and functionality of donor pancreatic β cells edited with CRISPR-Cas technology in a type 1 diabetes patient without the use of immunosuppressants, marking a significant breakthrough in potential treatments for the disease [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The CRISPR-Cas12b gene editing technique was utilized to modify donor pancreatic cells by knocking out B2M and CIITA genes to reduce immunogenicity and overexpressing CD47 through lentiviral transduction [1]. - The modified low-immunogenicity cells were implanted into a 42-year-old subject's left brachioradialis muscle, and the entire procedure was conducted without the use of glucocorticoids, anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressants [1]. Group 2: Clinical Outcomes - Monitoring over 84 days showed that the transplanted cells successfully evaded the immune system, with no T cell activation or antibody response observed [2]. - Imaging confirmed the good survival of the graft, and the patient's glycated hemoglobin levels significantly decreased by 42% [2]. - Although the number of transplanted cells was only 7% of the required amount for treatment, this experiment represents a critical breakthrough in the field [2]. Group 3: Future Implications - The low-immunogenic gene editing technology used in this study may lead to the development of more curative β cells, potentially allowing for a diabetes treatment solution that does not require immunosuppression [2]. - This advancement could relieve millions of patients from the daily burden of insulin injections and the long-term complications associated with type 1 diabetes [2].

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Corteva reported top and bottom line growth with over 200 basis points of operating EBITDA margin expansion in Q2 2025 compared to the same period last year [6] - Organic sales increased by 7% year-over-year in Q2, with operating EBITDA growth of 13% and a margin expansion of 215 basis points [17][18] - For the first half of 2025, operating EBITDA was up more than $400 million to just over $3.35 billion, with a margin of nearly 31%, reflecting a 300 basis point increase [20] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The Seed Business Unit experienced a 32% increase in price and volume gains, contributing to a significant performance in North America [18] - Crop Protection business saw an 8% increase in volume, with double-digit growth in Brazil, despite a 2% decline in pricing due to competitive dynamics [18][19] - The Seed segment achieved a $70 million benefit in net royalties, exceeding expectations for the full year [7] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Overall agricultural fundamentals remain mixed, with growing demand for grains and oilseeds, but moderated crop prices and margins [11] - The U.S. is expected to have a record harvest, with corn futures reflecting above-average crop condition ratings [12] - The market is seeing a shift from soybeans to corn, with expectations of increased corn acreage in Brazil and Argentina [26] Company Strategy and Development Direction - Corteva is focused on operational excellence initiatives and has raised its full-year net cost improvement target to $450 million from $400 million [7] - The company remains optimistic about growth in 2026, with a focus on investing in growth platforms and delivering meaningful royalty productivity [14] - The strategy includes enhancing product offerings and leveraging out-licensing opportunities, particularly in corn and soybeans [58] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in achieving double-digit bottom line growth and meaningful margin improvement for the year [10] - The company anticipates low to mid-single-digit pricing headwinds in the Crop Protection segment for the second half of the year [9] - Management highlighted the importance of global production keeping pace with consumption, which is critical for maintaining market stability [13] Other Important Information - Corteva is on track for $1 billion in share repurchases in 2025 and announced a nearly 6% increase in the annual dividend [29] - The company expects a full-year free cash flow of approximately $1.9 billion, with a cash conversion rate of about 50% [22] Q&A Session Summary Question: What factors are influencing the forecast for the back half of the year? - Management acknowledged the tough comparison for Crop Protection and negative pricing in Brazil, while also discussing seed acreage expectations [32][33] Question: Can you elaborate on the free cash flow guidance? - Management indicated that the increase in free cash flow guidance is driven by earnings growth and lower cash taxes due to recent legislation [38][41] Question: What are the expectations for share gains in corn and soy? - Management reported strong performance in both corn and soy, with significant market share gains attributed to product performance and licensing strategies [70] Question: How is the company navigating tariff impacts on the supply chain? - Management stated that the impact of tariffs has been minimal due to proactive strategies in improving supply chain resiliency [88][90] Question: What are the expectations for Crop Protection pricing in the back half? - Management noted that while pricing pressures exist, there are signs of stabilization and potential improvement in the Crop Protection market [82][84]