左图：邓文韬在授课。 本报记者 张 文摄 右图：《番汉合时掌中珠》内页。 尤亚辉摄（影像中国） 制图：汪哲平 "这是河北保定出土的一种西夏文碑刻，我这两天去了一趟，第一眼看到就深受震撼。"邓文韬打开拓片 扫描图，一幅高清西夏文碑刻出现在眼前。文字虽然复杂难懂，但镌刻工整、笔画遒劲。 "这是明朝一名党项族后裔去世时，他的家人用西夏文撰写的墓志铭。"邓文韬开始解读，"你看，其中 写到了墓室主人的生平经历，比如在各地游学、成为地方官员幕僚的细节。我们将碑刻拓片扫描成高清 图，上传到数据库，就可以供学生可以下载学习。" 西夏以党项语为基础，仿借汉字的造字方法创造了6000个左右西夏文字。2020年，宁夏大学西夏学研究 院在搜集国内外考古文献的基础上，建成具有检索、下载等功能的西夏文献资料数据库，收录图片约 6000张，文本约35万字。 轻点屏幕，晃动手柄，西夏陵便以三维动画的方式徐徐呈现在学生们眼前。邓文韬继续点击屏幕，一座 座陵墓迅速变换面貌，三维画面不断丰富：高大的陵寝建筑、全副武装的守陵卫士、晦涩难懂的西夏文 字，让大家目不暇接。 "这就是八九百年前的西夏陵，那时候，陵区的很多建筑都刻印有西夏文。"邓文韬见学生 ...

Core Points - The core viewpoint of the article is the successful inclusion of the Western Xia Tombs in the UNESCO World Heritage List, bringing China's total number of World Heritage sites to 60 [1][28]. Group 1: Heritage Significance - The Western Xia Tombs consist of 4 major constructed elements, including 9 imperial tombs, 271 accompanying graves, and 32 flood control relics, along with a large architectural site related to sacrificial activities [4]. - The site covers an area of 38.99 square kilometers, making it the largest, highest-grade, and best-preserved relic of Western Xia culture [4][9]. - The Western Xia Tombs provide irreplaceable evidence of the Western Xia dynasty, which lasted nearly 200 years, and its role as a hub on the Silk Road during the 11th to 13th centuries [4][7]. Group 2: Archaeological Findings - The site has yielded over 7,000 movable cultural relics, which are crucial for understanding the value of the Western Xia Tombs [15]. - Notable artifacts include a gilded bronze bull weighing 188 kilograms, showcasing advanced casting techniques and reflecting the cultural exchange between nomadic and agricultural societies [17]. - The museum also displays a rare gold headdress weighing over 200 grams, decorated with lotus petal and linked bead patterns, indicating strong influences from Central Plains culture [19]. Group 3: Cultural Insights - The Western Xia script, derived from Chinese characters, is complex and difficult to read, with over 5,800 meaningful characters identified, used during the Western Xia dynasty's rule [25][27]. - The artifacts and inscriptions found at the site provide direct evidence of the political, military, and cultural history of the Western Xia dynasty [23].