Core Insights - The research team led by Han Shuo at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a "nano-marking robot" that can precisely identify cancer cells using a chemical biology technique known as proximity labeling [1] Group 1: Technology and Innovation - The proximity labeling technology is described as a powerful "molecular mapping" technique that catalytically marks the surrounding environment at specific locations within cells [1] - The "nano-marking robot" can carry antibodies or ligands that recognize cancer cells, enriching on the surface of these cells through blood circulation [1] - The robot can receive commands via deep red light or ultrasound to mark cancer cells clearly, effectively creating "artificial targets" [1] Group 2: Research Outcomes - The study has shown promising results in tumor models in experimental mice and in vitro clinical tumor samples [1] - This research is expected to pave the way for the development of smarter and more efficient next-generation immunotherapies [1]

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a "nano-marking robot" that can precisely identify cancer cells using a novel chemical biology technique, which may lead to more effective cancer immunotherapy [4][5]. Group 1: Technology and Mechanism - The "nano-marking robot" utilizes proximity labeling technology to create a "molecular map" that catalyzes marking in specific cellular locations [4]. - This robot can carry antibodies or ligands that accumulate on the surface of cancer cells through blood circulation, allowing for clear marking under deep red light or ultrasound [4][5]. Group 2: Research Outcomes - In experiments with mouse tumor models and clinical tumor samples, the technology demonstrated promising efficacy, indicating potential for developing smarter and more efficient next-generation immunotherapies [5]. - The study received funding from various national and local scientific programs, highlighting its significance and support within the scientific community [5].

Core Insights - The research team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed an engineered nanoenzyme that responds to deep red light or ultrasound, transforming proximity labeling technology into a powerful therapeutic tool [1][2] - The study, published in the journal Nature, demonstrates that artificially increasing antigen density on tumor cells can significantly enhance immune recognition and killing efficiency [1][2] Group 1 - The engineered nanoenzyme creates a strong artificial target on cancer cells, which allows for the effective aggregation of T cell receptors, triggering a potent attack mode against the targeted area [2] - In mouse experiments, the tumor volume was reduced by over 80%, and the immune system was activated to suppress untreated distant tumors, indicating a systemic anti-tumor effect [2] - Long-term studies show that cured mice exhibit complete immunity to secondary tumor challenges, suggesting the induction of long-lasting immune memory akin to vaccination against tumors [2] Group 2 - The research indicates that the new method significantly improves immune activation and killing efficiency compared to traditional antigen amplification methods [2] - The study's findings open new avenues for developing smarter and more efficient next-generation immunotherapies [2]

Core Insights - A research team led by Han Shuo from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a novel proximity labeling technology that enhances the precision of targeting cancer cells [1][2] - The technology allows scientists to label the "neighbors" of specific molecules, enabling a better understanding of their interactions in the microenvironment [1] - The team aims to transform this observation tool into a therapeutic weapon by engineering a nanoenzyme that significantly improves the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy [1][2] Summary by Sections - **Research Development** - The new proximity labeling technology can increase the targeting effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy by tens to hundreds of times [2] - This method creates a strong artificial target on the surface of cancer cells, which enhances the signaling needed for immune cells to initiate an attack [2] - **Experimental Findings** - In studies involving mouse tumor models and patient samples from breast, gastric, and colorectal cancers, the engineered nanoenzyme demonstrated significant therapeutic effects [1] - The high-density labeling acts as a rallying signal for immune cells, triggering a "strongest attack mode" for precise targeting [2] - **Limitations and Future Directions** - There are limitations to the method, such as difficulties in targeting certain melanoma cells with red light alone [2] - Overall, this research is expected to pave the way for the development of smarter and more efficient next-generation immunotherapies [3]

Group 1 - The article discusses a powerful "molecular mapping technique" known as proximity labeling technology, which allows scientists to catalyze and label the surrounding environment at specific locations within cells, enabling precise identification of specific molecules in the microscopic world [1] - Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have transformed this technology into a therapeutic tool by developing engineered nanoenzymes responsive to deep red light or ultrasound, successfully creating a powerful "treatment weapon" [1] - In mouse experiments, the team artificially created difficult-to-escape targets on tumors, which not only addresses core challenges in immunotherapy but also stimulates a robust systemic anti-tumor effect [1] Group 2 - The study reveals that in cancer immunotherapy, immune cells require strong and abundant "signals" to initiate attacks, and the natural signals on cancer cells are often sparse [2] - By chemically catalyzing reactions to increase the artificial antigen density on tumor cell surfaces by over 100 times, the researchers significantly enhanced immune recognition efficiency and killing power [2] - The engineered nanoenzymes were instructed to create a strong artificial target on cancer cells, which, when combined with a special bispecific T cell engager, effectively triggered T cells to launch a powerful attack on the targeted area [1][2] Group 3 - After the destruction of cancer cells, more tumor-associated antigens are exposed, which are then captured by antigen-presenting cells and relayed to the immune system, enabling it to autonomously recognize and attack similar cancer cells in the future [2] - The research has shown promising results in both mouse models and clinical tumor samples, paving the way for the development of smarter and more efficient next-generation immunotherapies [2] - In mouse trials, the primary tumor volume was reduced by over 80%, and the immune system activation also suppressed untreated distal tumors, demonstrating long-lasting immune memory against secondary tumor challenges [2]