Core Points - Beijing has launched a mechanism to realize the value of ecological products, with Yanqing District being the only selected area in the city for the national pilot program approved by the National Development and Reform Commission in 2024 [1][2] Group 1: Ecological Product Value Mechanism - The implementation plan for establishing a mechanism to realize the value of ecological products was issued by the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government in 2022, focusing on ecological conservation areas [1] - Yanqing District has developed a comprehensive management system for ecological product value, termed "GEP management," which includes accounting, application, and enhancement processes [2] Group 2: GEP-R Management - Yanqing District's GEP-R (value of ecosystem regulation services) is projected to reach 50.076 billion yuan in 2024, accounting for 13.42% of the total for Beijing [2] - The district has initiated the "Show GEP-R" program, designating key areas such as the Badaling Great Wall and Yeyahu Nature Reserve to promote awareness and responsibility for maintaining GEP-R levels [2] Group 3: Economic Benefits from Ecological Value - Yanqing District has established a reward mechanism linked to GEP-R, providing nearly 80 million yuan in compensation funds to local towns over the past two years, ensuring that those who protect the environment benefit economically [2] - The district is promoting market channels through the integration of agriculture and tourism, launching the first ecological product value transactions for soil and water conservation [2] Group 4: Tourism Development - Yanqing District has introduced various tourism products, including outdoor sports and family education, with a total of 24.55 million visitors and tourism spending of 13.5 billion yuan in 2024 [2]

Core Insights - Beijing has completed GEP-R (Ecosystem Regulation Service Value) accounting for five consecutive years, indicating a scientific approach to measure the economic value derived from ecological systems, with the comparable GEP-R expected to reach 373.18 billion yuan in 2024, showing a growth trend [1][2] Group 1: GEP and GEP-R Concepts - GEP (Gross Ecosystem Product) represents the total monetary value of all ecological products within a specific area during the accounting period [1] - GEP-R measures the benefits provided by ecosystems to maintain or improve human living environments, reflecting the ecological contributions of "green mountains and clear waters" [1] Group 2: Challenges in Ecological Product Value Realization - The realization of ecological product value faces four main challenges: measurement difficulty, transaction difficulty, monetization difficulty, and collateral difficulty [1] - Addressing the measurement challenge is fundamental for quantifying the value contained in "green mountains and clear waters" [1] Group 3: Innovations in GEP-R Measurement - Beijing has introduced the concept of comparable GEP-R, which excludes fluctuations due to climate and price levels, allowing for quantifiable and comparable ecological protection efforts [2] - The comparable GEP-R for 2024 is projected at 373.18 billion yuan, with a per hectare value of 227,400 yuan [2] Group 4: Regional Performance and Trends - All districts in Beijing, including the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, are expected to see year-on-year increases in GEP-R, indicating continuous improvement in ecological environment quality [2] - The ecological conservation areas account for approximately 76% of the total comparable GEP-R, with the ecological protection red line covering 27.5% of the total area [2]

Core Concept - The article emphasizes the importance of implementing the "Two Mountains" concept, which advocates for high-level ecological protection and the transformation of ecological value into economic benefits, as a fundamental requirement of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought [1]. Summary by Sections Ecological Product Value Realization - Significant progress has been made in realizing the value of ecological products, including the establishment of a clearer conceptual system, the improvement of ecological product catalogs, and the formation of policy mechanisms [1]. - Over 40% of cities at the prefecture level and above have conducted GEP (Gross Ecosystem Product) accounting, with 12 national pilot regions identified to explore various value realization pathways [1]. Definition and Classification of Ecological Products - The definition of ecological products should evolve, with the 2022 GEP accounting framework categorizing them into three types: material supply, regulation services, and cultural services [2]. - Current GEP accounting does not fully capture the market value of processed ecological products, leading to a lack of comparability in value realization efforts [2]. Ecosystem Product Types - Ecological products can be classified into two categories: ecological regulation products and ecological economic products, with the latter focusing on the value-added process of primary ecological products [3]. - The introduction of the GEP-E (Gross Ecosystem Product-Economy) concept aims to account for the market value of processed ecological products, emphasizing the importance of capital, labor, and technology in driving ecological industrialization [4]. Government Role and Measurement - GEP-R (Gross Ecosystem Product-Regulating) is proposed to measure the monetary value of non-market ecological regulation products, reflecting government performance in ecological protection [5]. - A structured ecological industry accounting system is necessary, including the development of an ecological economic product list and an ecological industry list [6][7]. Implementation of Ecological Industry Accounting - The establishment of technical standards for ecological industry accounting is essential, along with the integration of these standards into the national economic accounting system [8]. - Key indicators such as ecological industry value added, growth rate, and their share of GDP will serve as core metrics for assessing the effectiveness of ecological product value realization [8]. Application of Ecological Industry Accounting - The results of ecological industry accounting can quantify the effectiveness of ecological product value realization and support the formulation of planning goals [9]. - GEP-E and GEP-R can be utilized in government performance evaluations and as a basis for developing industry policies [9][10]. Encouragement of Stakeholder Engagement - Stakeholders, including government departments and financial institutions, are encouraged to leverage ecological product value accounting results to promote sustainable practices and financial support for ecological industrialization [10].