建筑材料 行业专题报告 hyzqdatemark 2025 年 05 月 22 日 戴铭余 SAC：S1350524060003 daimingyu@huayuanstock.com 王彬鹏 SAC：S1350524090001 wangbinpeng@huayuanstock.com 郦悦轩 SAC：S1350524080001 liyuexuan@huayuanstock.com 朱芸 SAC：S1350524070001 zhuyun@huayuanstock.com 证券研究报告 唐志玮 tangzhiwei@huayuanstock.com 板块表现： 由单边下行走向结构分化，赛道及龙头α开始显现 投资评级： 看好（维持） ——建材行业 2024 年报及 2025 年一季报综述 投资要点： 风险提示：经济恢复不及预期，化债力度不及预期，房地产政策不及预期 请务必仔细阅读正文之后的评级说明和重要声明 | 1. 综述:行业压力仍存,结构性拐点逐步显现…………………………………………………………………………………… 5 | | --- | | 2. 消费建材:行业逐步探底,结构分化开始显现. | | 3. ...

Core Viewpoint - Jilin Chemical Fiber Group has raised the price of wet-process 3K carbon fiber by 10,000 yuan per ton due to increased demand, leading to significant stock price increases for related companies in the carbon fiber sector [2][3]. Price Adjustments - Jilin Chemical Fiber previously adjusted prices for various carbon fiber products in Q1, with significant increases for 3K and other types [2][3]. - The recent price increase is attributed to supply shortages driven by demand from the low-altitude economy and the drone market [3][6]. Market Dynamics - Carbon fiber is recognized for its superior properties, being lighter than steel while having 7-9 times its tensile strength, making it suitable for high-end applications like aerospace and military [3][4]. - The carbon fiber industry is experiencing a dual path of high performance and low cost, with increasing applications in various sectors including aerospace, wind energy, and consumer electronics [5][6]. Supply and Demand Issues - Despite stock price increases, Jilin Chemical Fiber indicated that wet-process 3K carbon fiber contributes a small portion to its total revenue, and the company is facing losses in its carbon fiber business for 2024 [6][7]. - The carbon fiber sector is undergoing a phase of adjustment due to concentrated capacity release, leading to supply-demand imbalances and declining profit margins for companies like Zhongfu Shenying [6][7]. Profitability Trends - Zhongfu Shenying's carbon fiber business has seen a significant decline in gross margins from 47.85% in 2022 to an expected 13.59% in 2024, reflecting broader industry challenges [6][7]. - Other companies like Zhongjian Technology and Guangwei Composite also report decreasing profit margins, indicating a trend across the industry [7]. Cost Reduction Efforts - Companies are actively working to reduce carbon fiber production costs, particularly in the wind energy sector, where high costs remain a barrier to exclusive use of carbon fiber [7].

Group 1: Company Overview and Production Capacity - The company has a total production capacity of approximately 160,000 tons, with 30,000 tons currently under construction [6] - The first phase of the high-performance carbon fiber precursor project is in trial production, expected to enhance capacity and meet market demand [4] - The company operates 20 production lines capable of flexible production to cater to various market needs [4] Group 2: Market Position and Strategy - The company is the largest independent supplier of carbon fiber precursors in China, holding about 50% of the domestic market share [8] - Future goals include becoming a world-class precursor supplier while expanding into new markets and customer bases [9] - The company emphasizes continuous technological improvement and market exploration to enhance product applications and sales [9] Group 3: Product Development and Innovation - The company plans to balance the development of both small and large tow products in its R&D efforts [5] - The demand for 3K carbon fiber precursors is currently on the rise, indicating a supply-demand imbalance [9] - The company collaborates with universities and downstream enterprises to explore new applications and enhance product offerings [9] Group 4: Cost Management and Investor Relations - The domestic oil agent project is in the construction and testing phase, expected to reduce production costs once mass production begins [7] - The company is committed to protecting investor interests, particularly for small and medium investors, through value management and operational integrity [10] - Future measures will be taken to stabilize the company's stock price based on market conditions [10]

2025 年 5 月 18 日 行业研究 需求持续向好，碳纤维龙头价格上涨 ——石化化工交运行业日报第 64 期（20250515） 要点 吉林化纤上调碳纤维产品价格，碳纤维行业均价已趋稳。根据中国证券报消 息，25 年 Q1，吉林化纤集团调整旗下碳纤维价格，明确自 2025 年 3 月 18 日起，湿法 1K 产品价格不变，3K/6K 产品价格上涨 5000 元/吨， 12K/25K/35K/50K 碳丝产品价格上涨 3000 元/吨，干法 T700 及 T800 级别 12K 碳丝产品价格上涨 3000 元/吨。与此同时，目前碳纤维均价的下跌已初 步趋缓，根据百川盈孚数据，24 年 12 月以来国内碳纤维价格维持在 83.75 元/kg 的水平。碳纤维产品价格下调、毛利水平的下降，致使碳纤维生产企 业的业绩承压，但较年初已有明显改善，截至 25 年 5 月 15 日当周，碳纤维 行业平均毛利润为-0.87 万元/吨，较年初增加 1.21 万元/吨。 碳纤维需求持续向好，风电、体育休闲、航空航天领域需求增速均显著。根 据赛奥碳纤维数据，2024 年全球碳纤维的需求量为 15.61 万吨，同比增长 35.7% ...

Investment Rating - The report suggests a positive outlook for the carbon fiber sector, particularly for companies like Jilin Chemical Fiber and Zhongfu Shenying, due to increasing demand driven by the low-altitude economy and UAV applications [2][13]. Core Insights - Jilin Chemical Fiber announced a price increase of 10,000 yuan per ton for its wet 3K carbon fiber products, driven by strong demand and supply constraints [2][13]. - The carbon fiber composite materials are critical for lightweighting in low-altitude economy aircraft, comprising approximately 60-80% of the total structure weight of UAVs [2][13]. - The eVTOL market in China is projected to exceed 100,000 units by 2030, potentially increasing carbon fiber demand by approximately 20,400 tons [2][13]. - The report highlights ongoing supportive policies for the low-altitude economy, including a 300 million yuan annual fund in Sichuan to promote development [2][13]. Summary by Sections 1. Weekly Discussion - Jilin Chemical Fiber's price adjustment reflects the growing demand for carbon fiber in the UAV sector, with significant export growth noted [2][13]. 2. Belt and Road Initiative - Recent developments include Colombia's intention to join the Belt and Road Initiative and cooperation agreements signed between China and Brazil [3][14]. 3. Cyclical Linkage - Cement prices averaged 379 yuan per ton, showing a year-on-year increase, while glass prices decreased slightly [4][15]. - The report notes a mixed performance across various construction materials, with cement and glass facing downward pressure [4][15]. 4. National Subsidy Tracking - The home appliance market saw significant growth during the May Day holiday, with online retail sales increasing by 24.7% year-on-year [5][16]. 5. Important Changes - The US and China agreed to cancel 91% of tariffs, which may positively impact trade dynamics [6][17]. - Jilin Chemical Fiber's price increase for carbon fiber products is a notable market change [6][17]. 6. Market Performance (0512-0516) - The construction materials index showed a slight decline, with specific sectors like glass manufacturing experiencing a drop [18][22]. 7. Construction Material Price Changes - Cement prices continued to decline, particularly in northern and central regions, while glass prices faced downward pressure due to weak demand [27][40]. - The report indicates a stable pricing environment for carbon fiber, despite rising production costs [67][69].

Investment Rating - Industry Rating: Outperform the market (maintained rating) [4] Core Views - Carbon Fiber: The T300 large tow is currently at a stage of bottoming out, but there is a possibility of continued price competition due to rapid capacity release by some companies. However, the number of companies in the precursor segment is limited, making significant price drops unlikely. It is recommended to focus on Jilin Carbon Valley and other companies in this sector [3]. - Electronic Materials: The demand for foldable smartphones remains high despite a downturn in consumer electronics. The continuous decline in industry price bands is expected to further stimulate downstream demand, creating a positive cycle. The report remains optimistic about the penetration of foldable smartphones over the next 3-5 years and highlights the potential for domestic substitution in upstream materials like photoresists and high-frequency high-speed CCL. Key recommendations include Shiming Technology and Kaisheng Technology [3]. - New Energy Materials: In the photovoltaic sector, downstream demand continues to grow rapidly, but the expansion of various segments in the supply chain suggests a need for market clearing. In wind energy, offshore wind power is overcoming obstacles and expanding, with a high concentration in the wind turbine blade segment. The report recommends focusing on Times New Materials [4]. Summary by Sections Market Review - The new materials index increased by 0.6%, underperforming the CSI 300 index by 0.5 percentage points. Notable performances include the carbon fiber index up by 2.9% and the coating ink index up by 3.1% [11]. - Among the new materials sector, 49% of stocks achieved positive returns, with standout performers including Yuzhong Sanxia A (+50.6%) and Jilin Chemical Fiber (+24.5%) [11]. Key Focus Areas - Price Increase: On May 13, Jilin Chemical Fiber announced a price increase of 10,000 yuan per ton for its wet 3K carbon fiber products, driven by demand from the low-altitude economy and drones [8]. - Upcoming Events: Huawei's new Harmony OS computer is set to be released on May 19, 2025 [8]. Key Tracking Targets - The report tracks key companies in the carbon fiber and electronic materials sectors, providing insights into their market performance and future prospects [10].

Group 1: Market Strategy - The divergence between large-cap and small-cap stocks has been notable since early April, with small-cap indices outperforming large-cap indices from April 8 to May 16 [3] - Historical patterns, incremental capital, risk factors, fundamentals, and trading indicators suggest that this divergence may converge in the future [3] Group 2: Fixed Income and REITs - From May 12 to May 16, the secondary market prices of publicly listed REITs in China showed a trend of oscillating upward, with the weighted REITs index closing at 137.87 and a weekly return of 1.7% [4] - The trading volume of public REITs for the week was 2.442 billion yuan, with warehouse logistics REITs leading in average daily turnover compared to other categories [4] Group 3: Banking Sector - In Q1 2025, commercial banks in China reported a net profit of 656.8 billion yuan, with a profit growth rate decline of 2.3% and an average capital return rate of 8.82% [5] - The non-performing loan ratio stood at 1.51%, slightly up by 1 basis point from the end of the previous year, indicating overall stability in asset quality [5] Group 4: Chemical and Transportation Industry - In Q1 2025, Jilin Chemical Fiber Group announced price adjustments for carbon fiber products, with increases of 5,000 yuan per ton for 3K/6K products and 3,000 yuan per ton for other grades [6] Group 5: Agriculture and Livestock - The sentiment in the pig farming sector is easing, with current inventory levels remaining relatively high, indicating a potential turning point in inventory levels that may lead to a long-term profit upcycle post-deinventory [7] Group 6: Coal Mining - As of May 16, coal inventories at ports in the Bohai Rim reached 32.533 million tons, down 1.57% week-on-week but up 33.72% year-on-year, indicating high inventory levels [8] - The price of thermal coal at Qinhuangdao port averaged 619 yuan per ton, down 19 yuan per ton (-3.05%) for the week, with seasonal demand expected to rise as summer electricity consumption peaks [8]

Investment Rating - The report suggests a positive outlook for the carbon fiber sector, particularly for companies like Jilin Chemical Fiber and Zhongfu Shenying, due to increasing demand driven by the low-altitude economy and UAV applications [14][15]. Core Insights - Jilin Chemical Fiber announced a price increase of 10,000 yuan per ton for its wet 3K carbon fiber products, driven by strong demand and supply constraints [14]. - The carbon fiber composite materials are critical for lightweighting in low-altitude economy aircraft, comprising approximately 60-80% of the total structure weight of UAVs [14]. - The eVTOL market in China is projected to exceed 100,000 units by 2030, potentially increasing carbon fiber demand by approximately 20,400 tons [14]. - The report highlights ongoing supportive policies for the low-altitude economy, including a 300 million yuan annual fund in Sichuan to promote development [14]. Summary by Sections 1. Weekly Discussion - Jilin Chemical Fiber's price adjustment reflects the growing demand in the low-altitude economy and UAV sectors, with carbon fiber being a key material [14]. 2. Belt and Road Initiative - Recent developments include Colombia's intention to join the Belt and Road Initiative and cooperation agreements signed between China and Brazil [15]. 3. Cyclical Linkage - The report provides insights into various construction materials, noting a slight decline in cement prices and stable pricing in the glass and fiberglass sectors [16][19]. 4. National Subsidy Tracking - The home appliance market shows significant growth during the May Day holiday, with online retail sales increasing by 24.7% year-on-year [17]. 5. Important Changes - The report notes the cancellation of 91% of tariffs between the US and China, which may positively impact trade dynamics [18]. 6. Market Performance - The construction materials index showed a slight decline of 0.29% during the week, with specific sectors like glass manufacturing experiencing a 0.60% drop [19]. 7. Building Material Price Changes - Cement prices have decreased by 1.1%, with regional variations noted, while glass prices have also shown a downward trend due to weak demand [28][41].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Recommended," indicating a favorable outlook for the industry fundamentals, with expectations that the industry index will outperform the benchmark index [39]. Core Insights - The carbon fiber industry is expected to see a recovery in demand, with significant growth projected for 2024 and 2025, driven by sectors such as wind energy, military, and new technologies in electric vehicles [5][34]. - The price of carbon fiber has shown signs of recovery, with notable increases in various grades, suggesting that prices have likely bottomed out [6][9]. - The global demand for carbon fiber in 2023 was 115,000 tons, a decrease of 14.8% year-on-year, marking the first negative growth since 1995. However, demand is expected to rebound to 156,000 tons in 2024, representing a year-on-year growth of 35.7% [13][15]. Summary by Sections Price Recovery - Carbon fiber prices have been steadily increasing since the end of 2023, with a notable 5% rise in the price of wet 3K carbon fiber, now priced at 200-220 RMB per kilogram. The T300 12K carbon fiber price has rebounded to 95 RMB per kilogram, a 35.7% increase from the end of 2023 [5][6]. Demand Forecast - The global carbon fiber demand is projected to reach 156,000 tons in 2024, with a 120% increase in demand from the wind energy sector and a 51.6% increase from the sports and leisure market. In China, demand is expected to grow by 21.7% to 84,000 tons [13][15][16]. Supply and Capacity - China's operational carbon fiber capacity is estimated at 150,000 tons in 2024, with an 8.5% year-on-year increase. Despite a low utilization rate of 45%, the expansion phase of carbon fiber production appears to be concluding, with a concentration of capacity among the top five producers reaching 73% [23][27]. Traditional and Emerging Applications - Wind energy remains the largest application for carbon fiber, accounting for over 28% of usage. The demand in traditional sectors is expected to grow rapidly, supported by a significant increase in wind power project tenders and military orders [30][34].

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the carbon fiber industry, focusing on Jilin Chemical Fiber and its pricing strategies in response to market dynamics and demand growth [1][3][5]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Price Increase by Jilin Chemical Fiber**: The company has raised carbon fiber prices to address increased export demand and align with the sales peak of carbon fiber woven fabrics and products. The self-use ratio of carbon fiber is expected to reach 70% by 2025, with 40%-45% of that being 3K carbon fiber [1][3]. - **Industry-Wide Price Adjustments**: Other companies in the carbon fiber sector are also planning price increases, with a consensus reached to raise prices by 2-5 yuan per kilogram. This adjustment is already being implemented despite the lack of formal announcements [1][5]. - **Market Price Trends**: The carbon fiber products market has entered a consolidation phase post-Spring Festival, with current prices around 210,000 yuan per ton. However, due to capacity releases from various manufacturers, prices may drop to 190,000-200,000 yuan per ton after July [1][8]. - **Production Capacity and Utilization**: The overall operating rate in the carbon fiber industry is around 60%-70%, which is insufficient to support a price rebound. Jilin Chemical Fiber operates at full capacity, while competitors like Zhongfu Shenying are experiencing lower utilization rates [3][11]. - **Future Demand Projections**: The demand for carbon fiber in China is projected to grow by approximately 20% in 2025, reaching between 70,000 to 75,000 tons. This growth is driven by increased orders from Jilin Chemical Fiber and international capital entering the market [3][13]. Additional Important Insights - **Financial Performance**: Jilin Chemical Fiber reported a sales figure of 320 million yuan for 2024 but is still operating at a loss. The price increase is aimed at improving profitability [4]. - **Impact of Trade Dynamics**: The U.S.-China trade war has led to a reduction in imports, prompting domestic demand to rise as China substitutes some imported carbon fiber. Jilin Chemical Fiber exports about 30% of its products to countries like South Korea, Japan, and India [3][19]. - **Inventory and Financial Health**: The carbon fiber industry is facing inventory pressures, with Jilin Chemical Fiber holding 8,000 to 10,000 tons of finished goods and 7,000 to 8,000 tons of carbon fiber inventory. The overall market profitability is around 10%, with long credit cycles affecting cash flow and operational rates [11][12]. - **Emerging Markets**: The low-altitude economy, particularly the drone industry, is expected to demand between 8,000 to 10,000 tons of carbon fiber by 2025, with military drones primarily using T700 and T800 grades, while civilian drones use T400 grade [14][20]. Conclusion - The carbon fiber industry is navigating through a complex landscape of rising demand, pricing strategies, and operational challenges. Jilin Chemical Fiber is positioning itself to capitalize on these trends while addressing its financial performance and market share amidst competitive pressures and changing trade dynamics [22].