Core Viewpoint - The research team led by Professor Zhu Fangjie from Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University has decoded the functional differentiation of MYB family transcription factors, providing new insights into the "specificity paradox" in higher plant research, which may accelerate the application of grass in new energy and materials [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study analyzed the DNA sequence specificity of 40 MYB family transcription factors, revealing a new mechanism for functional differentiation among transcription factors that originated from a common ancestor [1][2]. - The research identified key MYB factors that regulate cellulose synthesis in grass, which is crucial for its agronomic traits and production performance [2]. Group 2: Implications for Industry - The findings are expected to enhance the application of grass in the fields of new energy and new materials, particularly as biomass materials [2]. - The research integrates basic scientific research with industrial transformation, leveraging the advantages of the Straits Joint Research Institute and the National Grass Engineering Technology Research Center [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in iPS cell technology, particularly the establishment of the "MyiPS" project by the Kyoto University iPS Cell Research Foundation, aimed at reducing manufacturing costs and improving treatment options for various diseases [1][2][3]. Group 1: MyiPS Project Overview - The "MyiPS" project involves creating and storing iPS cells from patients' own cells, which minimizes the risk of rejection compared to using cells from others [1][2]. - The newly built facility in Osaka, covering approximately 1,800 square meters, is equipped with 14 fully automated German cultivation devices, allowing for the production of iPS cells within about one month after extracting cells from blood [2][3]. Group 2: Cost Reduction and Production Goals - The current manufacturing cost for one person’s iPS cells is estimated to be several tens of millions of yen, presenting a significant challenge [2][3]. - The foundation aims to reduce the production cost to around 1 million yen (approximately 4.84 million RMB) per person by 2025, although current raw material costs already reach this target [3]. Group 3: Support and Future Prospects - The project has received support from prominent figures, including Masayoshi Yanai, the chairman of Fast Retailing, who has pledged 5 billion yen annually for nine years starting from 2021 [3]. - Despite the challenges, the establishment of the facility is seen as a significant step forward, with plans to produce 1,000 person’s worth of iPS cells annually in the future [3][4].