2024年通过的《欧盟关键原材料法案》（Critical Raw Materials Act, CRMA）制定了提升34种战略材料 本土供应能力的计划。这些材料包括锂、锑、钨、铜和稀土元素，广泛用于制造半导体、风力涡轮机和 炮弹等产品。 前景不容乐观 该法案设定了2030年的非约束性目标：届时欧盟应开采其所需矿产的10%，将这些材料的回收能力提升 至15%，并能够加工其每年每种战略原材料需求的40%。 然而，审计院在一份报告中指出："前景并不乐观。按目前情况，能源转型所需的26种材料中，有7种的 回收率仅为1%至5%，另有10种则完全未被回收。" 报告将此归咎于缺乏针对具体材料的激励措施。 报告还警告："欧盟旨在到2030年实现40%加工自给率的能力建设正在倒退——部分加工厂因高昂的能 源成本而关闭，这严重削弱了产业竞争力。" 此外，欧盟与第三国建立的关键原材料战略伙伴关系也尚未显现成效。 欧洲审计院（ECA）周一表示，欧盟在减少对外依赖、实现科技、国防和能源转型所需关键金属与矿产 进口多元化方面的努力"尚未取得实质性成果"。 "过去五年，欧盟签署了14项原材料战略伙伴关系协议，其中7项是与治理水平较低的国家 ...

Core Points - The European Commission has selected 13 new raw material projects outside the EU to enhance the supply of metals and minerals, which is crucial for maintaining competitiveness in energy transition, defense, and aerospace sectors [1] - This initiative is part of the implementation of the Critical Raw Materials Act, which aims for the EU to extract 10% of its raw materials, process 40%, and recycle 25% by 2030 [1] - The selected projects are located in the UK, Canada, Greenland, Kazakhstan, Norway, Serbia, Ukraine, Zambia, Brazil, and New Caledonia [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that trade and investment between China and Chile have significantly increased over the past two decades, with China being Chile's largest trading partner for several consecutive years [1][3] - In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and Chile is projected to reach $61.69 billion, which is 8.6 times the amount before the China-Chile Free Trade Agreement came into effect and 18 times the amount before the establishment of the China-Chile Entrepreneurs Committee [1] - The trade has expanded beyond traditional labor-intensive products like agricultural products and textiles to include high-tech products such as machinery, electronics, and transportation equipment [1] Group 2 - Chile is a key investment destination for Chinese enterprises in Latin America, with direct investment stock from China in Chile reaching approximately $1.6 billion by the end of 2023 [1] - Investment areas have diversified from traditional sectors like energy and infrastructure to emerging industries such as renewable energy, digital economy, artificial intelligence, and biomedicine [1] - Chilean enterprises are increasingly active in investing and collaborating with China in technology [1] Group 3 - The "2050 National Development Vision" of Chile focuses on sustainable resource development and economic diversification, encouraging collaboration between Chinese and Chilean companies [2] - Companies are encouraged to leverage the China-Chile Free Trade Agreement along with RCEP and the Chile-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement to explore opportunities in technology innovation, digital economy, and green development [2] - Potential collaboration areas include creating a complete supply chain in manufacturing, participating in infrastructure projects through PPP and equity investments, and expanding cooperation in energy and digital technology sectors [2]