Core Viewpoint - The interview with Xu Xiaoyang, the grandson of Xu Beihong, explores the significance of horses in Xu Beihong's art, emphasizing their representation of passion, hope, and the spirit of perseverance in the face of adversity [3][4][10]. Group 1: Significance of Horses in Xu Beihong's Art - For Xu Beihong, horses symbolize a silent confidant, embodying his life's passions, worries, and hopes. His depictions often show horses in dynamic, powerful poses rather than at rest, reflecting the tumultuous times he lived in [4]. - Xu Beihong's early works convey feelings of isolation and despair, while his later pieces express a longing for national resilience amidst turmoil. His painting "Galloping Horses" created in 1941 exemplifies this, showcasing horses in vigorous motion, symbolizing hope for overcoming national crises [4][10]. Group 2: East-West Cultural Integration - Xu Beihong's approach to art was influenced by the late Qing and early Republican movements advocating for the reform of Chinese painting. He studied Western techniques, focusing on anatomy and perspective, to enhance his artistic expression without replacing traditional Chinese methods [6]. - His integration of Western realism with Eastern expressive techniques allowed him to create works that are both structurally sound and rich in cultural essence, exemplifying a successful fusion of the two traditions [6][8]. Group 3: Lessons for the Younger Generation - Xu Xiaoyang emphasizes the importance of understanding one's cultural roots before engaging in cultural exchanges. He advocates for a creative attitude that balances tradition with innovation, encouraging young artists to deeply explore their heritage [8]. - The concept of "active dialogue" in cultural exchange is highlighted, where artists should not merely present superficial symbols but engage in meaningful interactions that foster understanding and appreciation of different cultures [8][10]. Group 4: The Spirit of the Horse in Cultural Context - In Chinese culture, horses symbolize vitality and perseverance, often associated with philosophical meanings and aspirations for personal growth. In contrast, Western traditions link horses to heroism and conquest, representing individual courage and the drive for exploration [10]. - Xu Beihong viewed horses as embodiments of resilience and determination, reflecting a universal spirit of striving forward regardless of circumstances, a message that remains relevant today [10][11].

Core Viewpoint - The article explores the multifaceted symbolism of horses in Chinese culture, representing both heroism and sacrifice, and reflects on the resilience and harsh realities of life through the lens of historical and contemporary narratives [5][17]. Historical Significance of Horses - Horses have played a crucial role in expanding human physical boundaries and supporting political power throughout Chinese history, as evidenced by their frequent mention in ancient texts like the "Book of Songs" [6]. - The depiction of horses evolved from symbols of labor and hardship in early literature to representations of valor and grandeur during the Tang Dynasty, highlighting their strategic importance in warfare [6][8]. Cultural Narratives - In traditional narratives, horses are inseparable from heroes, embodying loyalty and bravery, as seen in historical figures like Guan Yu and Zhang Fei [7]. - The artistic representation of horses in stone carvings and paintings reflects their status as symbols of military might and national pride, particularly during the Han and Tang dynasties [8][9]. Modern Interpretations - Contemporary portrayals of horses, such as in Xu Beihong's works, integrate Western artistic techniques, emphasizing the spirit of resilience and national identity during times of crisis [9]. - The film "War Horse" by Spielberg presents a narrative that transcends the battlefield, focusing on the emotional bond between humans and horses amidst the horrors of war [12][13]. Realities of Life - Documentaries like "Weather on the Mongolian Steppe" depict the harsh realities faced by individuals in rural settings, where horses are seen as essential to survival rather than symbols of glory [14]. - The tragic story of a young girl named Puje illustrates the burdens of life in a pastoral society, where the loss of horses can have devastating consequences for families [14][16]. Conclusion - The article concludes with a reflection on the enduring significance of horses in both myth and reality, urging a recognition of the struggles and aspirations of individuals in contemporary society [19][20].

Core Perspective - The article reflects on the symbolic significance of horses in Chinese culture, representing both strength and sacrifice, and emphasizes the duality of their roles as heroes and victims throughout history [1][2][3]. Historical Context - The history of Chinese civilization is intertwined with the horse, which expanded human physical boundaries and supported political power [3]. - In ancient poetry, horses are depicted as both companions in battle and symbols of human suffering, illustrating the burdens they carried [3][4]. Cultural Significance - The reverence for horses is embedded in numerous Chinese idioms and literary narratives, linking them to heroism and warfare [4]. - Artistic representations of horses in stone carvings and paintings reflect their importance in military and cultural contexts, showcasing their strength and the emotional bonds between humans and horses [5][6]. Modern Interpretations - In contemporary art, horses are portrayed in various forms, including films that explore the emotional connections between humans and horses, such as Spielberg's "War Horse," which presents a narrative of hope amidst the horrors of war [10][11]. - Documentaries like "Mongolian Grassland Weather" provide a stark contrast, depicting the harsh realities of life where horses are seen as essential to survival rather than symbols of glory [14][15]. Symbolism of Sacrifice - The myth of the "Silkworm Horse" illustrates the theme of sacrifice, where the horse becomes a guardian through emotional bonds, highlighting the often-overlooked narratives of loss and devotion [7][9]. - The tragic story of a young girl and her horse emphasizes the sacrifices made in rural life, reflecting the deeper, often painful realities behind the romanticized image of horses [16][18]. Conclusion and Reflection - The article concludes with a call for resilience and courage in facing life's challenges, drawing parallels between the enduring spirit of horses and the human experience [25][26][28].

Core Viewpoint - Xu Beihong's artistic journey reflects resilience and dedication, with a deep connection to the Sichuan region, showcasing his ability to blend Western realism with Eastern expressionism in his works [3][4]. Group 1: Artistic Contributions - Xu Beihong is recognized as a foundational figure in modern Chinese art education, particularly known for his horse paintings, which have become iconic in Chinese culture [4]. - His notable work, "Six Horses," created in 1942, exemplifies a harmonious blend of Western and Eastern artistic techniques, capturing the essence of movement and life in each horse [4]. - The painting "Standing Horse," created during the wartime period, symbolizes resilience and strength, reflecting the spirit of the Chinese people during difficult times [5]. Group 2: Connection to Sichuan - Xu Beihong's relationship with Sichuan is profound, having visited the region multiple times, where he drew inspiration from its landscapes and people [6]. - His early works often featured themes of horses and historical figures, but his time in Sichuan allowed him to incorporate everyday life and local scenery into his art, enriching his creative expression [6][7]. - Significant works from his time in Sichuan include "Bamboo Chicken" and "The Poor Woman of Ba," which reflect his empathy and connection to the local populace [7]. Group 3: Personal Reflections - Xu Beihong's wife, Liao Jingwen, reminisced about their time in Chengdu, highlighting the joy and inspiration derived from their experiences in Sichuan, which left a lasting impact on both their lives [8].

Group 1 - The year 2026, which is the Year of the Horse, is characterized by the heavenly stem "Bing" and is expected to be a dynamic and vibrant year, marked by enthusiasm among the populace [2] - The horse symbolizes loyalty in Chinese culture and is associated with various idioms and artistic representations, reflecting its significance in governance and societal values [1] - The horse is ranked seventh in the Chinese zodiac and is associated with the fire element, which represents qualities such as politeness, urgency, eloquence, and creativity [1]

Group 1 - The exhibition titled "墨行如骥——李志强诗书画求教公益展" opened on January 25, showcasing over 100 works of poetry, calligraphy, and painting by Li Zhiqiang, a renowned poet, calligrapher, and painter from Fengnan District [1][2] - The exhibition features a core highlight of expressive horse paintings, reflecting both traditional ink art and the spirit of railway workers, while also including poetry and calligraphy that express deep emotions and celebrate the development of the times [1] - Li Zhiqiang has a history of supporting his hometown's cultural initiatives, having previously organized various art exhibitions and lectures, thereby contributing to the integration of culture and tourism in his community [2] Group 2 - The exhibition will last for 22 days, concluding on February 15 [3]