Core Insights - The article discusses the emergence of atomic-level manufacturing technology as a revolutionary advancement in chip production, enabling precise control over atomic arrangements, which significantly enhances chip performance and reduces size and power consumption [1][2]. Group 1: Atomic-Level Manufacturing Overview - Atomic-level manufacturing is recognized as the future direction of manufacturing, achieving unprecedented precision and miniaturization, and is considered the "ultimate form" of manufacturing technology [2]. - The core goal of atomic-level manufacturing is to manipulate materials at the atomic level, allowing for the creation of customized materials with specific atomic arrangements [2]. - This technology fundamentally shifts the manufacturing paradigm from traditional material and structure-based performance to a model where atomic control directly determines product performance [3]. Group 2: Key Technologies in Atomic-Level Manufacturing - Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is a critical technology in atomic-level manufacturing, known for its high control over film thickness and uniformity, making it essential in advanced semiconductor processes [4]. - Atomic Layer Etching (ALE) is another vital technology that allows for high-precision material removal at the atomic level, ensuring accuracy in chip manufacturing [5]. - The article compares ALE with traditional etching techniques, highlighting ALE's superior precision and lower risk of substrate damage [6]. Group 3: Policy Support and Industry Development - The Chinese government is increasingly supporting atomic-level manufacturing through various policies, recognizing its strategic importance and potential for innovation [8][10]. - Significant initiatives include the establishment of research centers and innovation alliances aimed at fostering collaboration between academia and industry [9][11]. - The government has outlined plans to integrate atomic-level manufacturing into national action plans, emphasizing its role in enhancing the competitiveness of China's manufacturing sector [10]. Group 4: Industry Challenges and Opportunities - Domestic companies are actively entering the atomic-level manufacturing space, with some achieving breakthroughs in core technologies and applications [11]. - Despite progress, challenges remain, including the need for advancements in design software, self-assembly processes, and in-situ detection technologies [11]. - The industry is urged to establish comprehensive standards covering materials, equipment, and products to facilitate further development [11].