Core Viewpoint - South Africa is undergoing a significant energy transition from coal to renewable energy, supported by international partnerships and funding commitments, despite challenges such as economic diversification and energy security [3][4][6]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) was established in 2021, attracting a total funding commitment of $11.8 billion (approximately 218 billion South African Rand) from various countries, despite the withdrawal of the United States [4]. - South Africa has initiated the Just Energy Transition Implementation Plan, detailing the transition path and cost estimates for achieving a low-carbon economy [4]. - The initial funding of $583 million (about 10.8 billion South African Rand) has been allocated to six key areas, including the electricity sector and green hydrogen [4]. Group 2: Achievements Summary - Research on the impacts of phasing out coal-fired power plants has been conducted, focusing on technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects [5]. - Upgrades to transmission and distribution infrastructure are underway to facilitate large-scale integration of renewable energy [5]. - Training for municipal departments is being implemented to plan grassroots renewable energy projects [5]. Group 3: Policy and Regulatory Reforms - Significant progress has been made in policy reforms to support the energy transition, including allowing private companies to generate electricity without a license [6]. - The Climate Change Act, passed in July 2024, aims to integrate climate change considerations into government strategies and planning [6]. Group 4: Existing Challenges - The renewable energy transition must align with economic diversification, involving key sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and services [7]. - South Africa faces structural challenges, including poverty, inequality, and unemployment, necessitating the creation of decent job opportunities through the energy transition [8]. - The country is experiencing severe energy security issues, with only about 8.8% of installed capacity coming from renewable sources, leading to intermittent power outages [8]. - There is a need to enhance the energy governance framework to clarify responsibilities and improve regulatory capabilities [8]. Group 5: Project Planning - The transition must adopt a people-centered approach, ensuring that solutions safeguard the livelihoods of all citizens, particularly vulnerable groups [10]. - Local governments play a crucial role in leading the renewable energy transition, but face challenges such as aging infrastructure and funding shortages for maintenance [10].