Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the dedication of Zhou Liang, the director of the Yibin Rare Aquatic Animal Research Institute, in preserving the endangered Yangtze sturgeon, emphasizing the importance of ecological restoration in the Yangtze River over the past 30 years [1][8]. Group 1: Background and Motivation - Zhou Liang, known as a "fish enthusiast," has devoted 30 years to the conservation of the Yangtze sturgeon, a critically endangered species and a national first-class protected animal [1][2]. - Zhou's passion for the Yangtze River and its aquatic life was inspired by his father, Zhou Shiw, who founded one of China's earliest private research institutions for rare fish [2][3]. - The motivation to protect the Yangtze sturgeon arose from witnessing the detrimental effects of overfishing and habitat destruction in the late 20th century [2][4]. Group 2: Challenges and Perseverance - The research institute faced significant challenges, including financial difficulties and isolation, leading to the departure of many colleagues, leaving only Zhou and his father to continue their work [5][6]. - Zhou and his father had to find innovative solutions to provide live bait for the sturgeons, even resorting to extreme measures during droughts to ensure the fish were fed [4][5]. - Despite the hardships, including a lack of resources and support, they remained committed to their mission, believing in the potential for success [5][6]. Group 3: Breakthroughs and Achievements - In 2004, Zhou's team achieved a significant milestone by successfully breeding Yangtze sturgeon in captivity, marking a turning point in the conservation efforts for this species [5][6]. - The institute has since contributed to the artificial breeding and release of over 660,000 Yangtze sturgeon into the wild, significantly aiding in the species' recovery [7][8]. - Zhou's efforts have been recognized nationally, with successful breeding trials and releases being featured in major media outlets, showcasing the importance of their work [7][8]. Group 4: Future Outlook - Zhou is optimistic about the future of the Yangtze sturgeon, believing that with ongoing conservation efforts and the implementation of a fishing ban in the Yangtze River, the species can thrive again [8]. - The institute plans to collaborate with other research organizations to further enhance the natural breeding of the Yangtze sturgeon over the next 5 to 10 years [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the positive ecological changes in the Yangtze River basin, particularly in Luzhou, due to the ten-year fishing ban, which has led to increased biodiversity and improved water quality [4][7][8]. Group 1: Ecological Improvements - Since the implementation of the fishing ban, the number of monitored fish species in Luzhou has increased by 13, and the catch per unit effort (CPUE) has risen by 46.3% [6][7]. - The water quality of the Yangtze River is rated as excellent, with 100% of the monitored national control sections classified as grade I-II, and the main river has maintained grade II water quality for four consecutive years [4][6]. - The integrity index of aquatic biological resources in the Luzhou section has improved by two grades compared to pre-ban levels, with key protected species like the Yangtze sturgeon showing significant increases in occurrence rates [8]. Group 2: Fishermen Transition and Employment - A total of 1,429 fishermen have transitioned to land-based employment, with 788 fishing boats retired, and 791 fishermen have achieved stable employment through various support measures [5][6]. - The local government has implemented a pension insurance subsidy program for retired fishermen, providing an annual subsidy of no less than 2,500 yuan per person for an average of 15 years [6][10]. Group 3: Law Enforcement and Monitoring - Luzhou has enhanced its law enforcement capabilities against illegal fishing by deploying 40 high-definition cameras with thermal imaging technology for 24/7 monitoring of key water areas [9]. - The city has established a collaborative enforcement mechanism with neighboring regions to strengthen joint regulatory efforts and protect the river ecosystem [10].