编者按 长江十年禁渔是党中央从中华民族长远利益出发作出的重大决策，是深入推进长江大保护的历史性、标志性、示范性工程。2026年是实行长江十年禁渔五周 年，作为全国最早实现天然水系禁渔的省份，四川迎来了禁渔的"期中考"。 在这个特殊的节点，川观新闻记者先后前往长江第一岛瀛洲阁、长江流域唯一没有修建干流大坝并保持自然流态的一级支流赤水河等现场，见证五年来渔民 转型、水生生物变化、珍稀物种放归与繁育等变化，展望未来五年的禁渔之策，敬请垂注。 川观新闻记者 王成栋/文 吴聃/图 杨璐嘉/海报制图 1月6日中午，长江早已退潮。万里长江第一座江心岛瀛洲阁，迎来一年中面积最大的时段。 西北角的河床上，石头堆砌的道路隐约可见。十多年前，随着环保政策的到来，村民放弃了修路到长江南岸的计划。 西南的河滩上，已经锈穿船底的渔船落满了枯叶。五年前，长江十年禁渔全面开启，岛上的渔民全部退捕上岸。 禁渔后，渔船"停"在了岸上。 在守护中探索，在探索中前行。只有0.57平方公里大小的宜宾市南溪区裴石街道中坝社区的瀛洲阁，此刻是如此宁静，然而这宁静背后，是另一种生机勃 勃。 守下去 "宝贝"是国家二级重点保护植物疏花水柏枝。作为"长江生态哨 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the booming ornamental fish industry in Guangzhou, which is projected to exceed a production value of 10 billion yuan by 2025, contributing to a total industry chain value of over 100 billion yuan [38]. Industry Overview - Guangzhou is one of the earliest regions in China to develop the ornamental fish industry, with peak export transactions accounting for over 95% of the national total in the 1990s [19][20]. - The ornamental fish culture in Guangzhou is deeply rooted in local traditions, symbolizing prosperity and good fortune, and has become a significant part of the city's modern fishery industry [25][32]. Cultural Significance - The "Aoy fish" showcased at the National Games opening ceremony represents the rich "water culture" and "fish culture" of Guangzhou, embodying the local people's aspirations for success and abundance [26][28]. - The emotional connection to fish is particularly strong among the people of Guangdong, reflecting a long-standing maritime culture where fish symbolize both livelihood and spiritual well-being [31][32]. Economic Impact - The ornamental fish industry is not only a cultural symbol but also a vital economic sector, with various species like koi, dragon fish, and tropical fish having significant influence both nationally and globally [35][36]. - The industry is integral to rural revitalization efforts in Guangzhou, with initiatives to establish ornamental fish industrial parks and promote quality fish breeding [93][96]. Educational Initiatives - The introduction of ornamental fish in educational settings, such as the "Fish and Me" program in schools, aims to foster a love for life and nature among students while also serving as a therapeutic tool for mental health [86][90]. Historical Context - The history of ornamental fish trade in Guangzhou dates back centuries, with the city being a starting point for many species that have spread globally, including the pearl scale goldfish [44][46]. - The transformation of local markets, such as the famous "Goldfish Street," reflects the evolution of consumer preferences and the growth of the ornamental fish business over the decades [52][71].

Core Points - The article emphasizes the importance of the Yangtze River's ten-year fishing ban, which aims to restore the river's ecological balance and biodiversity, marking a significant shift in the relationship between humans and nature [2][14][18] - The ban has led to a notable recovery of aquatic species, including an increase in the population of the Yangtze River dolphin and other native fish species, indicating positive ecological changes [3][4][11] - The article highlights the socioeconomic impact of the fishing ban on local fishermen, who have transitioned to alternative livelihoods, supported by government policies and training programs [7][9][10] Summary by Sections Ecological Recovery - The Yangtze River's biodiversity has improved significantly, with the population of the Yangtze dolphin increasing to 1,249 in 2022, up by 237 from 2017 [3] - Key species such as the Yangtze sturgeon and other native fish have shown signs of recovery, with the population of the Yangtze knife fish increasing to four times its pre-ban levels [4] - The aquatic biological integrity index has improved, with the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake moving up two levels from the "no fish" status [4] Habitat Restoration - Efforts to restore aquatic habitats have included the removal of 342 small hydropower stations on the Chishui River, enhancing water connectivity [5] - The introduction of natural restoration concepts aims to create diverse habitats for various fish species, improving their breeding conditions [5] Species Protection - The article discusses the ongoing efforts to protect endangered species through artificial breeding and release programs, with over 1 million Chinese sturgeons released in recent years [6] - The focus on full lifecycle protection of species is crucial for restoring aquatic ecosystems [6] Socioeconomic Transition - The fishing ban has affected 231,000 fishermen, prompting government initiatives to ensure their transition to new livelihoods, such as eco-tourism and aquaculture [7][9] - Training programs and financial support have been implemented to assist fishermen in adapting to new economic activities, with some achieving significant income from crab farming [9][10] Policy and Enforcement - The article highlights the need for strict enforcement against illegal fishing activities, as the ban's success faces challenges from poaching [12][13] - Future policies will focus on enhancing biodiversity monitoring and implementing targeted ecological management strategies [14][18]

Core Points - The article emphasizes the significant progress made in the ecological restoration of the Yangtze River due to the implementation of a ten-year fishing ban, which has led to an increase in aquatic biodiversity and the recovery of key species [2][4][12] Summary by Sections Ecological Restoration - The Yangtze River's aquatic biodiversity has improved, with the population of the Yangtze finless porpoise increasing to 1,249 in 2022, up by 237 from 2017 [3] - The population of the Yangtze knife fish has quadrupled since the fishing ban, and previously extinct species like the Chinese sturgeon are being monitored for recovery [4][6] Fishing Ban Impact - The ten-year fishing ban, initiated on January 1, 2021, has shown positive results, with a 9.5% increase in resource density in the Yangtze River by 2024 [4] - The number of indigenous fish species has increased by 36 since the ban, with a total of 344 species recorded [4] Habitat Restoration - Significant efforts have been made to restore aquatic habitats, including the removal of 342 small hydropower stations in the Chishui River, enhancing water connectivity [5] - The ecological compensation funding for fishing-related projects has risen from 13% in 2021 to 76% [5] Species Protection - The article highlights ongoing efforts to protect endangered species through artificial breeding programs, with over 1 million Chinese sturgeons released in recent years [6] - The focus is on enhancing the life cycle protection of aquatic species to ensure their survival and recovery [6] Economic Transition for Fishermen - The fishing ban has led to the transition of 142,000 fishermen into new livelihoods, with many engaging in eco-tourism and aquaculture [7][11] - Training programs and financial support have been established to assist fishermen in adapting to new economic activities [10][11] Regulatory Measures - The article discusses the need for improved regulatory measures to combat illegal fishing, as the pressure from poaching has increased with the success of the fishing ban [12][14] - A comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system for biodiversity is recommended to ensure the effectiveness of conservation efforts [14][18] Future Directions - The article calls for a coordinated approach across regions and departments to maintain the ecological balance of the Yangtze River and its tributaries [18] - Emphasis is placed on the importance of continued support for the fishing ban and the implementation of targeted ecological management strategies [18]

Core Points - The article highlights the recent release of 400,000 fish fry into the Yangtze River as part of Wuhan's aquatic biological replenishment efforts, specifically focusing on the endangered species, the rosy bitterling and the long-nosed catfish [1][2] - The rosy bitterling, a unique freshwater species native to China, is noted for its beauty and is classified as a second-level protected aquatic animal [2] - The event is part of a broader initiative to reinforce the achievements of the "ten-year fishing ban" in the Yangtze River and to protect aquatic wildlife [2][4] Summary by Sections - **Release Event**: On November 18, Wuhan conducted a significant fish release event, introducing 400,000 fry into the Yangtze River, including 200,000 rosy bitterlings and 200,000 long-nosed catfish [1] - **Species Information**: The rosy bitterling is recognized for its striking appearance and long maturation period, with males taking over five years and females up to seven years to breed [2] - **Breeding Efforts**: The rosy bitterlings released were bred by the Wuhan Qingyu Original Species Breeding Farm, which has successfully bred 1 million fry this year, contributing to the replenishment efforts [2] - **Conservation Context**: The release aligns with the national campaign for the protection of aquatic wildlife and is supported by various local government and conservation organizations [2][4] - **Historical Context**: Since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan, Wuhan has released over 700,000 rare and endangered fish species as part of its ongoing replenishment activities [2]

Core Points - The event on November 6 aimed to enhance the ecological restoration of the Yangtze River in Zhenjiang by releasing 6 million fish fry into the water [1][2] - The initiative is a response to the ecological impact caused by emergency reinforcement projects on the Yangtze River, specifically affecting the food resources for the Yangtze River dolphin [1] - The fish fry released include various species such as redfin, slenderhead, rosy barb, and copper fish, which were carefully selected to minimize mechanical damage during the release [1] Industry Insights - The release of fish fry is recognized as a direct and effective method for conserving aquatic biological resources and supplementing the food supply for the Yangtze River dolphins [2] - The management of the Zhenjiang Yangtze River dolphin provincial nature reserve emphasizes that this large-scale, multi-species fish fry release contributes to creating a better living environment for the dolphins, promoting a healthier and more sustainable ecosystem in the Yangtze River [2] - Over the past 15 years, the population of dolphins in the Zhenjiang section of the Yangtze River has increased by 30%, indicating a positive trend in the ecological quality of the waterway [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the dedication of Zhou Liang, the director of the Yibin Rare Aquatic Animal Research Institute, in preserving the endangered Yangtze sturgeon, emphasizing the importance of ecological restoration in the Yangtze River over the past 30 years [1][8]. Group 1: Background and Motivation - Zhou Liang, known as a "fish enthusiast," has devoted 30 years to the conservation of the Yangtze sturgeon, a critically endangered species and a national first-class protected animal [1][2]. - Zhou's passion for the Yangtze River and its aquatic life was inspired by his father, Zhou Shiw, who founded one of China's earliest private research institutions for rare fish [2][3]. - The motivation to protect the Yangtze sturgeon arose from witnessing the detrimental effects of overfishing and habitat destruction in the late 20th century [2][4]. Group 2: Challenges and Perseverance - The research institute faced significant challenges, including financial difficulties and isolation, leading to the departure of many colleagues, leaving only Zhou and his father to continue their work [5][6]. - Zhou and his father had to find innovative solutions to provide live bait for the sturgeons, even resorting to extreme measures during droughts to ensure the fish were fed [4][5]. - Despite the hardships, including a lack of resources and support, they remained committed to their mission, believing in the potential for success [5][6]. Group 3: Breakthroughs and Achievements - In 2004, Zhou's team achieved a significant milestone by successfully breeding Yangtze sturgeon in captivity, marking a turning point in the conservation efforts for this species [5][6]. - The institute has since contributed to the artificial breeding and release of over 660,000 Yangtze sturgeon into the wild, significantly aiding in the species' recovery [7][8]. - Zhou's efforts have been recognized nationally, with successful breeding trials and releases being featured in major media outlets, showcasing the importance of their work [7][8]. Group 4: Future Outlook - Zhou is optimistic about the future of the Yangtze sturgeon, believing that with ongoing conservation efforts and the implementation of a fishing ban in the Yangtze River, the species can thrive again [8]. - The institute plans to collaborate with other research organizations to further enhance the natural breeding of the Yangtze sturgeon over the next 5 to 10 years [8].

Group 1 - The article highlights the recent autumn fish stocking activities across various regions in China aimed at protecting biodiversity and maintaining ecological balance for sustainable fisheries development [1][2] - In Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, a large-scale aquatic organism stocking event was conducted, releasing 5.01 million filter-feeding fish (silver carp and bighead carp) and 1.51 million herbivorous fish (grass carp) to improve water quality and control excessive aquatic vegetation [1] - In Yibin, Sichuan Province, over 690,000 rare fish species were released, including critically endangered species such as the Yangtze sturgeon and other protected fish, contributing to the conservation efforts in the Yangtze River basin [1] Group 2 - The ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River has shown significant results, with aquatic biodiversity continuing to recover [2] - In 2024, nearly 20 million rare protected fish species were released in the Yangtze and Yellow River basins, with record-high release numbers for first-class protected species like the Yangtze sturgeon and the Sichuan salmon [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the positive ecological changes in the Yangtze River basin, particularly in Luzhou, due to the ten-year fishing ban, which has led to increased biodiversity and improved water quality [4][7][8]. Group 1: Ecological Improvements - Since the implementation of the fishing ban, the number of monitored fish species in Luzhou has increased by 13, and the catch per unit effort (CPUE) has risen by 46.3% [6][7]. - The water quality of the Yangtze River is rated as excellent, with 100% of the monitored national control sections classified as grade I-II, and the main river has maintained grade II water quality for four consecutive years [4][6]. - The integrity index of aquatic biological resources in the Luzhou section has improved by two grades compared to pre-ban levels, with key protected species like the Yangtze sturgeon showing significant increases in occurrence rates [8]. Group 2: Fishermen Transition and Employment - A total of 1,429 fishermen have transitioned to land-based employment, with 788 fishing boats retired, and 791 fishermen have achieved stable employment through various support measures [5][6]. - The local government has implemented a pension insurance subsidy program for retired fishermen, providing an annual subsidy of no less than 2,500 yuan per person for an average of 15 years [6][10]. Group 3: Law Enforcement and Monitoring - Luzhou has enhanced its law enforcement capabilities against illegal fishing by deploying 40 high-definition cameras with thermal imaging technology for 24/7 monitoring of key water areas [9]. - The city has established a collaborative enforcement mechanism with neighboring regions to strengthen joint regulatory efforts and protect the river ecosystem [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the successful artificial breeding of the rare freshwater fish species, the "胭脂鱼" (Yanzhi fish), at the Wuhan Qingyu Breeding Farm, emphasizing the importance of conservation efforts for this endangered species [4][17]. Group 1: Breeding Process - The breeding process involves technicians carefully extracting eggs from female Yanzhi fish and mixing them with male sperm to facilitate fertilization, resulting in approximately 1 million fry being produced [4][8]. - The farm has successfully relocated 43 mature Yanzhi fish to breeding pools to enhance the breeding program [4][8]. Group 2: Species Characteristics - The Yanzhi fish is a unique and beautiful species native to China, known for its vibrant coloration and elegance, earning it nicknames like "freshwater mermaid" [12][13]. - The species has a long maturation period, with males maturing at over 5 years and females at over 7 years, primarily spawning in upstream areas of the Yangtze River [13]. Group 3: Conservation Efforts - The Yanzhi fish population has drastically declined, with only 413 individuals recorded in the Yangtze River from 2017 to 2021, indicating a lack of natural reproduction [17]. - The Wuhan Qingyu Breeding Farm has been actively involved in the artificial breeding of Yanzhi fish for several years, contributing significantly to local conservation efforts [17].