行业复苏得益于三大因素：AI数据中心耗电量激增（OpenAI称八年需250吉瓦）、 《通胀削减法案》提供40%投资税收抵免、核监管委员会审批流程加速。微软、亚马逊 等科技巨头已签署长期核能采购协议，连曾发生事故的三哩岛核电站也更名为Crane清 洁能源中心重启运营。（驻波黑使馆经商处） 2025年行业融资规模已突破40亿美元（2020年仅为5亿）。其中：Aalo Atomics在德 州建设3700平米工厂，计划2026年实现10兆瓦微型反应堆临界测试，目标是在2027年实 现供电；Kairos Power获美国能源部3.03亿美元支持，正在田纳西州建设50兆瓦示范 堆；X-energy获伊朗裔亿万富翁Kamal Ghaffarian投资，研发气冷反应堆。 （原标题：人工智能驱动核能复兴，美国初创企业竞逐微型反应堆赛道） 波黑媒体Energetika 11月26日报道。在人工智能算力需求飙升与特朗普政府政策倾 斜的双重推动下，核能产业正迎来新一轮发展浪潮。福布斯报道称，包括Aalo Atomics、Oklo、Kairos Power在内的十余家美国初创企业正竞相研发模块化小型核反应 堆。 ...

Group 1 - The article highlights Japan's precarious position in the semiconductor supply chain, particularly due to U.S. restrictions on exports of critical materials and technologies [1][3] - Japan is home to 23% of the world's semiconductor raw material factories, particularly in Kumamoto, which produces high-purity fluorinated polyimide essential for 3nm chips [1] - The U.S. has imposed conditions on Japan's exports, including the requirement for EUV lithography machines to have geofencing systems, effectively monitoring Japan's semiconductor capabilities [3] Group 2 - Japan's reliance on the U.S. for raw materials is increasing, with 43% of its high-purity rare earth production directed to North America, raising concerns about becoming a technology dependency nation [5] - Toshiba's 2023 financial report indicates a 12% drop in yield for silicon carbide chips due to a lack of domestic etching equipment, while Shin-Etsu Chemical faces rising wafer costs from using U.S. substitutes [6] - The average age of semiconductor engineers in Japan is 51, with a 38% decrease in young professionals over five years, indicating a talent crisis in the industry [6] Group 3 - Japan is exploring alternative technologies, such as quantum computing and hydrogen energy chips, as part of a strategic pivot in its semiconductor approach [8] - Panasonic has developed a miniaturized hydrogen production reactor, and advancements in hydrogen fuel cell technology have been made at the University of Tokyo [10] - Hitachi has created a "three-layer protection" verification system to enhance security in semiconductor material transport [11] Group 4 - Chinese manufacturers are benefiting from Japan's technological constraints, with new domestic etching machines utilizing expired Japanese patents and lower-cost rare earth extraction methods [13][14] - In 2023, Japan was compelled to relax 63 expired patent licenses, leading to a significant outflow of semiconductor talent to China [14] - The article suggests that the ongoing semiconductor conflict is a reflection of broader resource competition and emphasizes the need for Japan to rebuild its innovation ecosystem independently [16]