（来源：国家文物局） 转自：国家文物局 正月初二至初七 央视新闻联合多家博物馆推出 《文博日历》"博物馆里过大年"系列活动 今天是大年初四 按照传统习俗要迎灶神 家家户户宜开火起灶 谁家厨房的烟火气更旺 三个看点带你围观 热热闹闹的"唐代厨房" 一旦火力不够 灶台下方的"烧火二人组"马上吹火助燃 咕嘟咕嘟没过几分钟 锅里饭菜的香味就"噌"地一下冒出来了 那个吹火的背影 像极了记忆中的年 你还记得小时候 在老家过年做饭的情景吗？ 小孩们争着抢着蹲在灶膛口守火 一旦观察到火苗不旺了 便迫不及待拿起吹火筒 鼓着腮帮子朝半明半暗的火星猛吹一气 经常被弄得一鼻子灰还咧嘴笑 …… 没想到这一幕年味记忆 被古人记录了下来 千年前的唐代厨房里 正上演着浓浓的人间烟火气 这套分工明确、配合默契的"后厨流水线" 是不是看一眼就觉得很熟悉 站在灶台前的人显然是大厨 这能力一看便知 一边盯着两口大锅一边在锅旁忙活 同时还能监督火候的大小 有人做饭也有人收拾 洗刷台上的碗盆不少 看样子且得洗一会儿呢 烹饪、吹火、观火、洗碗、刷桶 这五个陶俑把1000多年前的 "唐代开放式厨房"搬到了我们面前 也把我们拉回到了那个蹲在灶膛口 小脸被火烤 ...

（原标题：宋朝百姓聚会：市井里的烟火气） 文博时空 作者 董严 千年前，赵匡胤黄袍加身，开创了一个自由而迷人的新时代，"举目则青楼画阁， 绣户珠帘，雕车竞驻于天街，宝马争驰于御路，金翠耀目，罗绮飘香"，细致的描述记录了无数生命曾 经存在的痕迹，让我们跟随一个普通百姓李贵的脚步，一起回到烟火市井的故梦。 这里是北宋都城东京开封，也是世界上最大、最繁荣的都市。 俯视这座城池，皇城、内城、外城三重宫墙嵌套而立，最外围周长约43公里，陆路城门共十二座，东面 设有两门，西、南分别设有三门，北面设立四门供人通行，另有水门数座，供河流穿行。城内道路呈十 字相交，街市屋宇鳞次栉比，茶坊酒肆、肉铺庙观挤挤挨挨，养活了五行八市、三教九流。 在元旦当天，普通人家也会认真梳洗，换上洁净崭新的衣服，虽然不像富贵人家有罗、缎、织锦等名贵 布料，但也要素雅干净，迎接亲友的来访。在宋代，元旦拜年的方式有很多,有同族长者带领若干后生 挨家祝贺，有亲朋好友之间相互祝贺，也有大家聚在一起"团拜"。李贵每年都会置酒待客，约三五好友 小聚。早上五更刚过，便有邻人熟识前来拜年，除了提前约好的三个好友，也有邻居贪酒留下相聚。一 边喝着屠苏酒，一边闲话家常 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses traditional Chinese dietary customs during the "Sanfu" (the hottest days of summer), highlighting specific foods consumed and their cultural significance. Dietary Customs - The saying "Eat dumplings on the first Fu, noodles on the second Fu, and pancakes with eggs on the third Fu" reflects the dietary customs prevalent in northern China, particularly in regions like Beijing, Tianjin, and Shandong, where wheat-based foods are staples [1][2] - Dumplings are consumed on the first Fu as they symbolize wealth and good fortune, with their shape resembling gold ingots and the phonetic similarity between "Fu" (福) and "wealth" [1] - Noodles, such as Zhajiangmian, are also popular during this period, with ingredients varying based on personal taste and seasonal vegetables [2] Historical Context - Historical records indicate that during the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties, "soup pancakes" were consumed to ward off evil spirits believed to be active during the hot summer days [3] - In southern regions like Jiangsu, different customs exist, such as eating wontons on the first Fu and herbal teas during the hot days [3] Nutritional Aspects - The practice of consuming more nutritious foods during the Sanfu period is aimed at maintaining health during the hot summer, with eggs being a common source of nutrition [2] Cooling Methods - Various methods to cope with the summer heat are mentioned, including the use of ice, which was historically distributed by government offices in Beijing during the hot season [5] - People also sought shade and enjoyed outdoor activities as a way to escape the heat [5]