撰文 | 莫 莉 编辑 | 黄 大 路 设计 | 甄 尤 美 最近几周，Robotaxi行业被两件小事引发了诸多关注——Waymo要花钱找人去把车门关上，特斯拉则把"呕吐费"写进了计费规则。 旧金山一次大停电导致路口信号灯熄灭，Waymo车辆在十字路口等待后台协助。部分乘客提前结束行程，下车时车门没有完全关严，车辆因此停 在路中无法移动。几分钟后，接到派单的救援人员赶到，把门推紧，车才重新上路。 与此同时，奥斯汀的特斯拉Robotaxi试运营把共享车辆的老问题写进了计费规则。车内留下明显污损，系统会按不同等级收取清洁费，轻微污渍 50美元，严重污损或吸烟最高150美元。 共探新营销，共创新可能 这些看似只是关门和清洁的小插曲，正在成为Robotaxi商业化的真实情况。驾驶位空了，但人力并未消失，而是以更碎片化的方式回到链条中，并 开始被定价。 门没关好，车就不走 Waymo目前使用的Jaguar I-Pace电动SUV是传统乘用车，需要乘客亲手关闭车门。出于安全考虑，只要任一车门没有完全关闭，车辆就无法启动 行驶。 因此，每当车辆因停电或故障被迫停止时，就可能出现尴尬场景：最近旧金山一次大停电期间，Waymo ...

Core Viewpoint - The research conducted by ADAC indicates that electric vehicles (EVs) have a lower failure rate compared to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, despite an increase in the number of service calls for EVs due to their growing popularity [4][8]. Group 1: Reliability of Electric Vehicles - In 2024, ADAC reported that electric vehicles accounted for only 1.2% of the total 3.6 million service calls, with 43,678 calls related to EVs [8]. - The average failure rate for electric vehicles from 2020 to 2022 was 4.2 failures per 1,000 vehicles, while ICE vehicles had an average of 10.4 failures per 1,000 vehicles, indicating that ICE vehicles are nearly 2.5 times more likely to fail [10]. - The failure rates for electric vehicles have significantly decreased over the years, from 8.5 failures per 1,000 vehicles in 2020 to 1.7 in 2022 [10]. Group 2: Comparison of Failure Rates - The failure rate for the 2022 model of Tesla Model Y was only 0.9 failures per 1,000 vehicles, while the Hyundai Ioniq 5 had a concerning rate of 22 failures per 1,000 vehicles [14]. - The Volkswagen ID.4 had a failure rate of just 1 failure per 1,000 vehicles for the 2022 model year, showcasing the competitive reliability of EVs [14]. - The most common cause of failures in both EVs and ICE vehicles was the 12-volt low-voltage battery, which accounted for 50.5% of EV failures and 44.6% of ICE vehicle failures in 2024 [15]. Group 3: Areas of Concern - Tire issues were noted as a significant concern, with 1.3 EVs needing assistance due to tire problems per 1,000 vehicles, compared to 0.9 for ICE vehicles [16]. - Despite some issues, electric vehicles do not have the same potential problems as ICE vehicles, such as oil changes and complex powertrains, leading to lower overall component failure rates [16]. - The research suggests that as electric vehicles continue to evolve, their reliability is expected to improve further, countering claims of inherent unreliability [10][11].