暴露于 高海拔 （ High Altitude， HA） 环境与男性 精子生成受损 及 微生物失衡 有关；然而，两者之间 的关联及潜在机制尚不明确。 2026 年 1 月 2 日，陆军军医大学第二附属医院（新桥医院） 杨仕明 、 唐波 、 孙碧韶 等在 Cell 子刊 Cell Host & Microbe 上 发表了题为： Gut-derived succinic acid potentiates high-altitude-related spermatogenesis dysfunction 的研究论文。 撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 具体而言，研究团队观察到 ， 在高海拔地区的人群以及处于模拟高海拔环境中的小鼠体 内，肠道细菌 共 生梭菌 （ C. symbiosum ） 的定植量有所增加。此外 ， C. symbiosum 通过产生 琥珀酸 （ succinic acid ） 导致精子质量下降。 从机制上来说， 琥珀酸 通过作用于 G 蛋白偶联受体 GPR91 来激活睾丸巨噬细胞 （TM） 中的 TRPV4/Ca 2+ 信号通路，促使它们极化为炎症性的 CD68 + CD163 - 亚群， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of an "artificial ocean carbon cycling system" that combines electrocatalysis and biocatalysis to capture CO₂ from seawater and convert it into valuable chemical products, addressing both ocean acidification and carbon reduction goals [2][3][4]. Group 1: Research Overview - The research was conducted by a collaboration between the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology and the University of Electronic Science and Technology, focusing on a novel strategy for carbon capture and conversion [2][5]. - The system captures CO₂ from natural seawater with an efficiency of over 70% and can operate continuously for over 500 hours [3][4]. - The captured CO₂ is converted into formic acid using a high-activity bismuth-based catalyst, which is then transformed into biodegradable plastic monomers [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - A new electrolytic device was designed to overcome challenges such as electrode passivation and salt deposition, enhancing the efficiency of carbon capture [3]. - The engineered bacteria developed can efficiently metabolize high concentrations of formic acid, producing key monomers for biodegradable plastics [3][4]. Group 3: Industrial Applications - The research demonstrated the feasibility of scaling up from laboratory to pilot levels, successfully producing biodegradable plastics like PBS and PLA [4]. - The project aims to create an integrated "green factory" along coastal areas, continuously capturing CO₂ and converting it into green plastic materials [4]. - The platform has the potential to expand into a variety of products, including organic acids and surfactants, serving multiple industries such as materials, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and food [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of an "artificial ocean carbon cycling system" that integrates electrocatalysis and biocatalysis to capture CO₂ from seawater and convert it into valuable chemical products, addressing both climate change and the need for sustainable materials [2][4][5]. Group 1: Research and Development - The research team from Shenzhen Advanced Institute of Technology and University of Electronic Science and Technology has developed a system that captures CO₂ from seawater and converts it into intermediates for biomanufacturing [2][4]. - The system aims to provide a new pathway for utilizing ocean carbon sinks, contributing to the national "dual carbon" goals and the development of a green low-carbon materials industry [4][5]. Group 2: Technical Innovations - The "artificial ocean carbon cycling system" creates a complete chain from "seawater CO₂ capture" to "material and molecular output," utilizing a collaborative approach of electrocatalysis and synthetic biology [5]. - A new electrolysis device was designed to operate continuously in natural seawater for over 500 hours, achieving a CO₂ capture efficiency of over 70% at a cost of approximately $229.9 per ton [8]. Group 3: Biochemical Processes - The research includes the development of a "supercell" that efficiently utilizes formic acid, derived from captured CO₂, to produce biodegradable plastic monomers [10]. - The engineered bacteria can convert formic acid into succinic acid and lactic acid, which are core monomers for biodegradable plastics [10]. Group 4: Industrial Applications - The research team has successfully synthesized fully biodegradable PBS and PLA from the produced monomers, demonstrating the potential for industrial applications [11]. - Future plans include establishing integrated "green factories" along coastal areas to continuously capture CO₂ and convert it into green plastic materials, contributing to a sustainable production model [11].

Core Viewpoint - The research indicates that succinate can maintain the fitness of CD8+ T cells to enhance antitumor immunity [4][7]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study reveals that in tumors lacking succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB), the accumulation of succinate enhances the immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells [5]. - Continuous exposure to succinate promotes the survival of CD8+ T cells and helps generate and maintain their stem cell-like subsets [5]. - Succinate enhances mitochondrial adaptability through BNIP3-mediated mitophagy and promotes the expression of genes associated with stem cell characteristics via epigenetic regulation [5]. Group 2: Clinical Implications - CD8+ T cells treated with succinate exhibit superior long-term persistence and tumor control capabilities [5]. - In certain melanoma and gastric cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, succinate enrichment characteristics are associated with favorable clinical outcomes [5]. - The study highlights the potential of succinate supplementation in enhancing the efficacy of T cell immunotherapy [7]. Group 3: Mechanistic Insights - Succinate enhances CD8+ T cell antitumor activity and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade therapy [5]. - The increased ratio of succinate to α-ketoglutarate promotes T cell stemness through epigenetic remodeling [5]. - Succinate characteristics can predict better clinical responses to CAR-T and immune checkpoint blockade therapies [5].