以下文章来源于肥胖世界ObesityWorld ，作者肥胖世界 肥胖世界ObesityWorld . 《肥胖世界》Obesity World - 同步传真肥胖及代谢国际新学术进展，为医学减重临床、教研人员搭建一座与国际接轨的桥梁，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 自古以来，糖一直是人类赖以生存的宝贵能量来源。然而在当今物质极度丰富的时代，食物中过量的糖分却在不知不觉间成为了健康的隐形杀 手。 广义上的糖包括淀粉和膳食纤维，但我们日常谈论的"糖"主要指游离糖——食品中人工添加的糖或天然存在于蜂蜜、水果等甜味食物中的单糖 和双糖。 糖分会诱导人们摄入更多食物。研究表明，食物中游离糖比例过高会导致总热量摄入增加。若能将游离糖控制在每日总热量的5%以下，人们 自然就能减少约100千卡的摄入量。 此外，糖过量摄入与肥胖、慢性炎症、代谢紊乱等健康问题密切相关，难怪"控糖"已成为当代饮食革命的核心趋势。 然而，糖毕竟是人体重要的能量来源，那么严格限制糖摄入是否也会带来不良后果呢？ 近期，《细胞·报告医学》发表了一项涉及60名参与者、持续12周的临床试验结果。研究者发现，虽然生酮饮食能有效减脂，但同时也会引发 一系列潜在风险：部分" ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the health implications of sugar consumption and dietary trends, particularly focusing on the effects of sugar intake and ketogenic diets on weight loss and metabolic health [6][8][21]. Summary by Sections Sugar Consumption and Health - Sugar, particularly free sugars, is linked to increased caloric intake and various health issues such as obesity and metabolic disorders. Reducing free sugar intake to below 5% of total daily calories could lead to a decrease of approximately 100 kilocalories in daily consumption [7][8]. - The article emphasizes that controlling sugar intake has become a central trend in modern dietary practices [8]. Ketogenic Diet Findings - A recent clinical trial involving 60 participants over 12 weeks revealed that while ketogenic diets effectively promote fat loss, they also pose potential health risks, including increased levels of "bad cholesterol" (LDL) and worsened glucose tolerance [9][10]. - The study included three dietary groups: a control group with normal sugar intake, a group with restricted free sugar intake, and a strict low-carbohydrate ketogenic group. Both the low sugar and ketogenic groups showed significant weight loss [12][15]. Metabolic and Microbiome Changes - The ketogenic group exhibited a significant decline in glucose tolerance and an increase in various low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels decreased [16][20]. - Changes in gut microbiota were also noted, with a significant reduction in beneficial Bifidobacteria in the ketogenic group, which could increase the risk of digestive issues and infections [18][20]. Long-term Health Implications - The article warns that the long-term effects of ketogenic diets may include adverse changes in sugar and fat metabolism, which are associated with increased mortality risk even within "healthy" ranges of blood sugar and cholesterol levels [20]. - It suggests that while weight loss can benefit heart health, achieving this through a ketogenic diet may not be the best approach. Instead, simply controlling free sugar intake might be a more prudent choice for cardiovascular health [21].

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites necessitates the development of new treatment strategies, with a focus on dietary and metabolic interventions to combat malaria infection [2][4]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published by a team from Shenyang Agricultural University indicates that a ketogenic diet can inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum and confer protection against malaria in mice [3][4]. - The mechanism involves β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB), a ketone body produced during a ketogenic diet, which halts the development of malaria parasites, highlighting the potential of dietary strategies in malaria prevention [4][9]. - The study found that high levels of β-OHB in the blood disrupt the biological regulation mechanisms of malaria parasites, leading to their developmental stasis [9][11]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Action - β-OHB not only serves as an energy source but also acts as a signaling molecule that influences metabolic regulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways [8]. - The inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) by β-OHB results in increased histone acetylation levels, which can lead to gene expression alterations and protective effects against oxidative stress in mouse tissues [8][9]. - The research demonstrated that both ketogenic diets and direct supplementation of β-OHB can induce metabolic reprogramming in malaria parasites, reducing their NAD levels and downregulating genes associated with their development and virulence [11]. Group 3: Implications for Malaria Treatment - The findings suggest that dietary and metabolic interventions, particularly through ketogenic diets and β-OHB, could be promising strategies for developing new anti-malarial treatments [4][11]. - The study emphasizes the antimicrobial potential of metabolic interventions, as highlighted in a concurrent article in Nature Metabolism, which discusses the protective effects of β-OHB against malaria [11].