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眼镜度数要低配?不对!近视防控4个误区要注意
Yang Shi Xin Wen Ke Hu Duan· 2025-08-17 01:31
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses common misconceptions about myopia prevention and treatment in children, emphasizing the importance of accurate eye examinations and appropriate corrective measures. Group 1: Eye Examination Methods - Cycloplegic refraction is a standard method for assessing children's refractive errors, temporarily paralyzing the ciliary muscle to obtain accurate measurements [1] - Quick cycloplegia is suitable for children over 8 years old, using a combination of tropicamide eye drops, with a fast recovery time [1] - Slow cycloplegia, using 1% atropine ointment, is recommended for younger children, providing more accurate results but with a longer recovery time of about three weeks [1] Group 2: Myopia Treatment Guidelines - Children with myopia between 50-300 degrees may not need glasses if their naked eye vision is acceptable (0.8 or above) and they do not experience significant eye strain [2] - For moderate myopia (300-600 degrees) and high myopia (over 600 degrees), it is advised to wear corrective glasses all day to prevent further eye strain and elongation of the eyeball [2] Group 3: Importance of Regular Check-ups - Regular follow-ups every three months are essential after getting glasses to monitor changes in vision and eye axis length, allowing for timely adjustments in myopia management strategies [3] Group 4: Other Common Eye Conditions - Besides myopia, conditions like amblyopia, astigmatism, and strabismus are prevalent in children and require attention [4] - Amblyopia, if not treated by age 6-8, can lead to permanent vision impairment [5] - Astigmatism is often congenital and can be corrected through glasses or contact lenses [6] - Strabismus requires professional evaluation to determine the cause and severity for personalized treatment [7] Group 5: Myopia Prevention Misconceptions - Wearing glasses does not cause eye deformation; they are external aids and do not affect the eye's development [8] - Low-concentration atropine eye drops can slow myopia progression but cannot reverse it [9] - Corrective lenses should match the child's actual refractive error; under-correcting can lead to increased eye strain and worsen myopia [10] - Wearing appropriate glasses does not worsen myopia; in fact, not wearing them can accelerate its progression [11]
压实电商平台经营者对医疗器械网络销售质量管理责任 政策解读→
Yang Shi Xin Wen· 2025-05-09 15:14
Core Viewpoint - The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has released the "Quality Management Specification for Online Sales of Medical Devices," aimed at regulating the rapidly growing online medical device sales market in China, which has seen a significant increase in the number of companies involved in this sector [1][2]. Group 1: Background and Market Growth - The online medical device sales market in China has experienced explosive growth, with the number of companies engaged in online sales rising from 8,717 in 2018 to over 360,000 currently, and third-party platform companies increasing from 77 to 851 [1]. - The NMPA has incorporated relevant regulations into the newly revised "Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Medical Devices" to promote a healthy and orderly development of the online medical device sales market [1]. Group 2: Key Components of the Specification - The "Specification" consists of four chapters and fifty articles, covering general principles, quality management for online sales operators, quality management for e-commerce platform operators, and supplementary provisions [1]. - It requires online sales operators and e-commerce platforms to establish and maintain a quality management system suitable for online medical device sales and ensure its effective operation [1][2]. Group 3: Responsibilities and Requirements - The specification emphasizes the responsibilities of online sales operators in building a quality management system, enhancing risk management, and ensuring compliance with existing regulations [3]. - Specific public disclosure requirements for companies with medical device operating licenses or registrations are outlined, including the need to display relevant certificates and licenses prominently [3]. Group 4: E-commerce Platform Management - The specification details the management responsibilities of e-commerce platform operators, including the establishment of a quality safety management system and the appointment of qualified personnel [4]. - E-commerce platforms are required to implement a system for identifying and addressing illegal activities related to online medical device sales, including reporting violations to regulatory authorities [5][6]. Group 5: Risk Management and Monitoring - The specification guides e-commerce platforms to enhance internal risk monitoring and collect external risk information to strengthen quality safety risk management [6][7]. - It mandates that key personnel, including the legal representative of the e-commerce platform, conduct quarterly reviews of quality safety risks associated with online medical device sales [7].